- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/115/59
- Title:
- Cepheus flare molecular clouds
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/115/59
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Results of an objective prism Schmidt survey are combined with IRAS survey data in order to assess the star-forming activity in the Cepheus Flare, a nearby giant molecular cloud complex at ~15{deg} above the Galactic equator. The distribution of absorbing matter along the line of sight was also studied. The Wolf diagrams, displaying the cumulative distribution of field star distance moduli, show that the interstellar matter in this region is concentrated at three characteristic distances: 200, 300, and 450pc. The three components, though partly overlapping, can be separated along the Galactic latitude. Within the area of the Cepheus Flare, distances are determined for 14 Lynds dark clouds and for some other clouds.
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- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/573/A19
- Title:
- Cep OB2 Herschel/PACS view
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/573/A19
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The CepOB2 region, with its two intermediate-aged clusters Tr37 and NGC7160, is a paradigm of sequential star formation and an ideal site for studies of protoplanetary disk evolution. We use Herschel data to study the protoplanetary disks and the star formation history of the region. Herschel/PACS observations at 70 and 160{mu}m probe the disk properties (mass, dust sizes, structure) and the evolutionary state of a large number of young stars. Far-IR data also trace the remnant cloud material and small-scale cloud structure. We detect 95 protoplanetary disks at 70{mu}m, 41 at 160{mu}m, and obtain upper limits for more than 130 objects. The detection fraction at 70{mu}m depends on the spectral type (88% for K4 or earlier stars, 17% for M3 or later stars) and on the disk type (~50% for full and pre-transitional disks, ~35% for transitional disks, no low-excess/depleted disks detected). Non-accreting disks are not detected, suggesting significantly lower masses. Accreting transition and pre-transition disks have systematically higher 70{mu}m excesses than full disks, suggestive of more massive, flared and/or thicker disks. Herschel data also reveal several mini-clusters in Tr37, which are small, compact structures containing a few young stars surrounded by nebulosity. Far-IR data are an excellent probe of the evolution of disks that are too faint for sub-millimetre observations. We find a strong link between far-IR emission and accretion, and between the inner and outer disk structure. Herschel confirms the dichotomy between accreting and non-accreting transition disks. Accretion is a powerful measure of global disk evolution: substantial mass depletion and global evolution need to occur to shut down accretion in a protoplanetary disk, even if the disk has inner holes. Disks likely follow different evolutionary paths: low disk masses do not imply opening inner holes, and having inner holes does not require low disk masses. The mini-clusters reveal multi-episodic star formation in Tr37. The long survival of mini-clusters suggest that they formed from the fragmentation of the same core. Their various morphologies favour different formation/triggering mechanisms acting within the same cluster. The beads-on-a-string structure in one mini-cluster is consistent with gravitational fragmentation or gravitational focusing, acting on very small scales (solar-mass stars in ~0.5pc filaments). Multi-episodic star formation could also produce evolutionary variations between disks in the same region. Finally, Herschel also unveils what could be the first heavy mass loss episode of the O6.5 star HD 206267 in Tr 37.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+AS/134/401
- Title:
- 4C equatorial sample VLA observations. II.
- Short Name:
- J/A+AS/134/401
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- VLA observations at 4.9GHz are given for 144 steep-spectrum 4C sources whose declinations are between -4{deg} and +4{deg} and whose angular sizes are smaller than 30arcsec. The paper contains 150 maps (VLA and 6 MERLIN observations at 1420 or 1658MHz) which are not included here.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/443/2815
- Title:
- Cerro Armazones spectroscopy of F dwarfs
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/443/2815
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a spectroscopic survey of a sample of F stars that have not yet been searched for planets. The observations of 187 stars obtained with the Bochum Echelle Spectrographic Observer of the Cerro Armazones Observatory were aimed at nearby (closer than 70pc) main-sequence stars without sufficient archive ([fiber-fed extended range optical spectrograph (FEROS)/high accuracy radial velocity planet search (HARPS)]) spectroscopy. The primary goal of the survey was to select the best candidates for radial-velocity searches of extrasolar planets. The spectra were analysed using the broadening-function technique, the method of choice for rapid rotators later than about A5. The analysis was focused not only at the determination of projected rotational velocity (defining precision of radial-velocity determination), but also at the detection of previously unknown spectroscopic binaries/multiples or stars showing strong line asymmetries. 12 previously unknown spectroscopic binaries/triples were detected. For all observed targets the spectral type was determined. About 140 stars are rotating faster than the resolution limit of 10km/s sampling the onset of convection and slow rotation at mid-F spectral types in great detail. Radial-velocity precision of the data (about 100m/s) is insufficient to detect planets but could indicate most SB1 systems with stellar companions. As there are already 2-3 observations per object for these newly detected binary stars, only a few additional follow-up observations will be needed to obtain constraints on orbital parameters. We identified a sample of 68 bright F-type dwarf stars which are perfect targets for future planet searches. They rotate moderately or slowly and do not show any sign of binarity, pulsations, or surface activity.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/423/2436
- Title:
- CES ultra deep catalogue of galaxy structures
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/423/2436
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- This paper presents a large sample of intermediate- to high-redshift galaxy groups and clusters detected using a fully automated search in the Cosmic Evolution Survey field. The detection algorithm is based on density peak extraction from a density distribution sampled using Voronoi tessellation within overlapping slices in the photometric redshift space. The cluster catalogue contains 1780 structures covering the redshift range 0.2<z<3.0, spanning three orders of magnitude in luminosity (10^8^<L_4_<5x10^11^L_{sun}_) and richness from eight to hundreds of galaxies. All clusters at z>0.4 and many even below this threshold show very prominent substructure indicating that z~0.4 marks the slow emergence of virialized clusters in this field in agreement with published findings for other regions of the sky. The redshift distribution of detected structures shows strong variations with prominent peaks suggesting the presence of large-scale structures across the whole range covered by this catalogue. Supercluster candidates have been identified at redshifts z=0.35, 0.72, 0.94, 1.12, 1.27, 1.45, 2.0 and 2.52. At z=2.9 we identified a compact agglomeration of galaxy groups and clusters suggesting the presence of another supercluster-like structure which has been the highest redshift candidate so far. Out of the nine supercluster candidates found in this study, six are new detections.
2306. Cetus dSph RR Lyrae
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/422/89
- Title:
- Cetus dSph RR Lyrae
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/422/89
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We investigate the variable star content of the isolated, Local Group, dwarf spheroidal (dSph) galaxy Cetus. Multi-epoch, wide-field images collected with the Very Large Telescope/Visible Multiobject Spectrograph camera allowed us to detect 638 variable stars (630 RR Lyrae stars and eight anomalous Cepheids), 475 of which are new detections. We present a full catalogue of periods, amplitudes and mean magnitudes.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/618/A122
- Title:
- Cetus dSph stellar chemo-kinematics
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/618/A122
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Cetus is an isolated, dwarf spheroidal (dSph) galaxy at a distance of 755kpc. In order to quantify its stellar chemo-kinematical properties, we observed individual red giants branch stars in Cetus with the Very Large Telescope (VLT) FORS2 instrument, in Mask eXchange Unit (MXU) configuration. The kinematic analysis shows that Cetus is a mainly pressure-supported ({sigma}_v_=11.0^+1.6^_-1.3_km/s), dark-matter-dominated system (M_1/2_/L_V_=23.9^+9.7^_-8.9_M_{sun}_/L_{sun}_) with no significant signs of internal rotation. We find Cetus to be a metal-poor system with a significant metallicity spread (median [Fe/H]=-1.71dex, median-absolute-deviation =0.49dex), as expected for its stellar mass. We report the presence of a mild metallicity gradient compatible with those found in other dSphs of the same luminosity; we trace the presence of a stellar population gradient also in the spatial distribution of stars in different evolutionary phases in ancillary photometric data. There are tentative indications of two chemo-kinematically distinct sub-populations, with the more metal-poor stars showing a hotter kinematics than the metal-richer ones. Our results add Cetus to the growing scatter in stellar-dark matter halo properties in low-mass galactic systems. The presence of a metallicity gradient akin to those found in similar systems inhabiting different environments may hint at metallicity gradients in Local Group early-type dwarfs being driven by internal mechanisms.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/882/120
- Title:
- CfA, CSP, BSP and LOSS spec. & phot. of SNe Ia
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/882/120
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- SNe Ia play key roles in revealing the accelerating expansion of the universe, but our knowledge of their progenitors is still very limited. Here we report the discovery of a rigid dichotomy in circumstellar (CS) environments around two subclasses of SNe Ia as defined by their distinct photospheric velocities. For the SNe Ia with high photospheric velocities (HVs), we found a significant excess flux in blue light 60-100 days past maximum, while this phenomenon is absent for SNe with normal photospheric velocity. This blue excess can be attributed to light echoes by circumstellar dust located at a distance of about (1-2)x10^17^cm from the HV subclass. Moreover, we also found that the HV SNe Ia show systematically evolving NaI absorption line by performing a systematic search of variable NaI absorption lines in spectra of all SNe Ia, whereas this evolution is rarely seen in normal ones. The evolving NaI absorption can be modeled in terms of photoionization model, with the location of the gas clouds at a distance of about 2x10^17^cm, in striking agreement with the location of CS dust inferred from B-band light-curve excess. These observations show clearly that the progenitors of HV subclass are likely from single-degenerate progenitor system (i.e., symbiotic binary), while the NV subclass may arise from double-degenerate system.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/220/9
- Title:
- CfAIR2: NIR light curves of Type Ia SNe
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/220/9
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- CfAIR2 is a large, homogeneously reduced set of near-infrared (NIR) light curves (LCs) for Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) obtained with the 1.3m Peters Automated InfraRed Imaging TELescope. This data set includes 4637 measurements of 94 SNe Ia and 4 additional SNe Iax observed from 2005 to 2011 at the Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory on Mount Hopkins, Arizona. CfAIR2 includes JHKs photometric measurements for 88 normal and 6 spectroscopically peculiar SN Ia in the nearby universe, with a median redshift of z~0.021 for the normal SN Ia. CfAIR2 data span the range from -13 days to +127 days from B-band maximum. More than half of the LCs begin before the time of maximum, and the coverage typically contains ~13-18 epochs of observation, depending on the filter. We present extensive tests that verify the fidelity of the CfAIR2 data pipeline, including comparison to the excellent data of the Carnegie Supernova Project. CfAIR2 contributes to a firm local anchor for SN cosmology studies in the NIR. Because SN Ia are more nearly standard candles in the NIR and are less vulnerable to the vexing problems of extinction by dust, CfAIR2 will help the SN cosmology community develop more precise and accurate extragalactic distance probes to improve our knowledge of cosmological parameters, including dark energy and its potential time variation.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/200/12
- Title:
- CfA4: light curves for 94 type Ia SNe
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/200/12
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present multi-band optical photometry of 94 spectroscopically confirmed Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) in the redshift range 0.0055-0.073, obtained between 2006 and 2011. There are a total of 5522 light-curve points. We show that our natural-system SN photometry has a precision of <~0.03mag in BVr'i', <~0.06mag in u', and <~0.07mag in U for points brighter than 17.5mag and estimate that it has a systematic uncertainty of 0.014, 0.010, 0.012, 0.014, 0.046, and 0.073mag in BVr'i'u'U, respectively. Comparisons of our standard-system photometry with published SN Ia light curves and comparison stars reveal mean agreement across samples in the range of ~0.00-0.03mag. The current sample of low-z SNe Ia is now sufficiently large to remove most of the statistical sampling error from the dark-energy error budget.
