- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/152/221
- Title:
- New extreme trans-Neptunian objects
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/152/221
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We are performing a wide and deep survey for extreme distant solar system objects. Our goal is to understand the high-perihelion objects Sedna and 2012 VP113 and determine if an unknown massive planet exists in the outer solar system. The discovery of new extreme objects from our survey of some 1080 square degrees of sky to over 24th magnitude in the r-band are reported. Two of the new objects, 2014 SR349 and 2013 FT28, are extreme detached trans-Neptunian objects, which have semimajor axes greater than 150 au and perihelia well beyond Neptune (q>40au). Both new objects have orbits with arguments of perihelia within the range of the clustering of this angle seen in the other known extreme objects. One of these objects, 2014 SR349, has a longitude of perihelion similar to the other extreme objects, but 2013 FT28 is about 180{deg} away or anti-aligned in its longitude of perihelion. We also discovered the first outer Oort Cloud object with a perihelion beyond Neptune, 2014 FE72. We discuss these and other interesting objects discovered in our ongoing survey. All the high semimajor axis (a>150au) and high-perihelion (q>35au) bodies follow the previously identified argument of perihelion clustering as first reported and explained as being from an unknown massive planet in 2014 by Trujillo & Sheppard, which some have called Planet X or Planet Nine. With the discovery of 2013 FT28 on the opposite side of the sky, we now report that the argument of perihelion is significantly correlated with the longitude of perihelion and orbit pole angles for extreme objects and find there are two distinct extreme clusterings anti-aligned with each other. This previously unnoticed correlation is further evidence of an unknown massive planet on a distant eccentric inclined orbit, as extreme eccentric objects with perihelia on opposite sides of the sky (180{deg} longitude of perihelion differences) would approach the inclined planet at opposite points in their orbits, thus making the extreme objects prefer to stay away from opposite ecliptic latitudes to avoid the planet (i.e., opposite argument of perihelia or orbit pole angles).
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Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/720/1691
- Title:
- Observations of the distant Kuiper belt
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/720/1691
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the results of a wide-field survey using the 1.2m Samuel Oschin Telescope at Palomar Observatory. This survey was designed to find the most distant members of the Kuiper Belt and beyond. We searched ~12000deg^2^ down to a mean limiting magnitude of 21.3 in R. A total number of 52 Kuiper Belt objects and Centaurs have been detected, 25 of which were discovered in this survey. Except for the redetection of Sedna, no additional Sedna-like bodies with perihelia greater than 45AU were detected despite sensitivity out to distances of 1000AU. We discuss the implications for a distant Sedna-like population beyond the Kuiper Belt, focusing on the constraints we can place on the embedded stellar cluster environment the early Sun may be have been born in, where the location and distribution of Sedna-like orbits sculpted by multiple stellar encounters is indicative of the birth cluster size. We also report our observed latitude distribution and implications for the size of the plutino population.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/584/A96
- Title:
- Observations of 50 TNOs and Centaurs
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/584/A96
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The prediction of stellar occultations by trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) and Centaurs is a difficult challenge that requires accuracy both in the occulted star position and in the object ephemeris. Until now, the most used method of prediction, involving dozens of TNOs/Centaurs, has been to consider a constant offset for the right ascension and for the declination with respect to a reference ephemeris, usually the latest public version. This offset is determined as the difference between the most recent observations of the TNO/Centaur and the reference ephemeris. This method can be successfully applied when the offset remains constant with time, i.e. when the orbit is stable enough. In this case, the prediction even holds for occultations that occur several days after the last observations. This paper presents an alternative method of prediction, based on a new accurate orbit determination procedure, which uses all the available positions of the TNO from the Minor Planet Center database, as well as sets of new astrometric positions from unpublished observations. Orbits were determined through a numerical integration procedure called NIMA, in which we developed a specific weighting scheme that considers the individual precision of the observation, the number of observations performed during one night by the same observatory, and the presence of systematic errors in the positions.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/109/1363
- Title:
- Occultations of stars by asteroids 1995-96
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/109/1363
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Predictions, based on a computerized comparison of asteroid ephemerides with the catalog positions of 567,500 stars, are given for 155 occultations of stars by asteroids in 1995 and 1996. On average, the predictions are expected to be more accurate than in earlier searches because of the use of more modern star catalogs. A number of very favorable occultations, visible in North Armerica and elsewhere, are discussed.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/PAZh/30/692
- Title:
- Occultations of stars by large TNO 2004-2014
- Short Name:
- J/PAZh/30/692
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Occultations of stars brighter than 15m by largest trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) are predicted. Search was performed using the following catalogues: Hipparcos (Cat. <I/239>; Tycho2 (Cat. <I/259>) with coordinates of 2838666 stars taken from UCAC2 (Herald, 2003); UCAC2 (Zacharias et al., 2003, Cat. <I/289>) with 16356096 stars between 12.00 and 14.99mag to the north from -45{deg} declination. Predictions were made for 17 largest numbered transneptunian asteroids and 4 known binary Kuiper Belt objects. 67 events occuring at solar elongation of 30{deg} and more are selected. Observations of these occultations by all available means are extremely important since they can give unique information about the size of TNOs and improve their orbits dramatically. Finder charts and preliminary path plots are available separately at http://hea.iki.rssi.ru/~denis/TNOocc.html of by E-mail to denis@hea.iki.rssi.ru
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/236/18
- Title:
- OSSOS. VII. TNOs complete data release
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/236/18
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The Outer Solar System Origins Survey (OSSOS), a wide-field imaging program in 2013-2017 with the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope, surveyed 155deg^2^ of sky to depths of m_r_=24.1-25.2. We present 838 outer solar system discoveries that are entirely free of ephemeris bias. This increases the inventory of trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) with accurately known orbits by nearly 50%. Each minor planet has 20-60 Gaia/Pan-STARRS-calibrated astrometric measurements made over 2-5 oppositions, which allows accurate classification of their orbits within the trans-Neptunian dynamical populations. The populations orbiting in mean-motion resonance with Neptune are key to understanding Neptune's early migration. Our 313 resonant TNOs, including 132 plutinos, triple the available characterized sample and include new occupancy of distant resonances out to semimajor axis a ~130au. OSSOS doubles the known population of the nonresonant Kuiper Belt, providing 436 TNOs in this region, all with exceptionally high-quality orbits of a uncertainty {sigma}_a_<=0.1%; they show that the belt exists from a>~37au, with a lower perihelion bound of 35au. We confirm the presence of a concentrated low-inclination a~44 au "kernel" population and a dynamically cold population extending beyond the 2:1 resonance. We finely quantify the survey's observational biases. Our survey simulator provides a straightforward way to impose these biases on models of the trans-Neptunian orbit distributions, allowing statistical comparison to the discoveries. The OSSOS TNOs, unprecedented in their orbital precision for the size of the sample, are ideal for testing concepts of the history of giant planet migration in the solar system.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/152/70
- Title:
- Outer Solar System Origins Survey (OSSOS). I.
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/152/70
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We report the discovery, tracking, and detection circumstances for 85 trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) from the first 42deg^2^ of the Outer Solar System Origins Survey. This ongoing r-band solar system survey uses the 0.9deg^2^ field of view MegaPrime camera on the 3.6m Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope. Our orbital elements for these TNOs are precise to a fractional semimajor axis uncertainty <0.1%. We achieve this precision in just two oppositions, as compared to the normal three to five oppositions, via a dense observing cadence and innovative astrometric technique. These discoveries are free of ephemeris bias, a first for large trans-Neptunian surveys. We also provide the necessary information to enable models of TNO orbital distributions to be tested against our TNO sample. We confirm the existence of a cold "kernel" of objects within the main cold classical Kuiper Belt and infer the existence of an extension of the "stirred" cold classical Kuiper Belt to at least several au beyond the 2:1 mean motion resonance with Neptune. We find that the population model of Petit et al. remains a plausible representation of the Kuiper Belt. The full survey, to be completed in 2017, will provide an exquisitely characterized sample of important resonant TNO populations, ideal for testing models of giant planet migration during the early history of the solar system.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/570/A86
- Title:
- Pluto astrometry from 19yrs observations
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/570/A86
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present astrometric positions of Pluto, consistent with the International Celestial Reference System, from 4412 CCD frames observed over 120 nights with three telescopes at the Observatorio do Pico dos Dias in Brazil, covering a time span from 1995 to 2013, and also 145 frames observed over 11 nights in 2007 and 2009 with the ESO/MPG 2.2m telescope equipped with the Wide Field Imager (WFI). Our aim is to contribute to the study and improvement of the orbit of Pluto with new astrometric methods and positions.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/553/A14
- Title:
- Pluto's observations between 1997 and 2010
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/553/A14
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Because of Pluto's distance from the Sun, the Pluto system has not yet completed a revolution since its discovery, hence an uncertain heliocentric distance. In this paper, we present the fitting of our dynamical model ODIN (Orbite, Dynamique et Integration Numerique) to observations. The small satellites P4 and P5 are not taken into account. We fitted our model to the measured absolute coordinates (RA, DEC) of Pluto, and to the measured positions of the satellites relative to Pluto.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/161/237
- Title:
- Positions of Triton with Sheshan Station telescope
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/161/237
- Date:
- 20 Jan 2022
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The large time span and precise observational data of natural satellites is of great significance for updating their ephemerides and studying their dynamic characteristics. With the help of the new image-processing methods and the Gaia DR2 catalog, all CCD images of Triton taken with the 1.56m telescope of Shanghai Astronomical Observatory during 2005-2009 were reanalyzed. The median filtering algorithm is used for image preprocessing to remove the influence of the halo of Neptune, and an upgraded modified moment, called the intensity-square-weighted centroiding method, is applied to determine the centroids of the stars and Triton. A total of 2299 positions of Triton were obtained, including 263 new observed positions and 2036 updated observed positions. Such five-year time span data with high precision will be very helpful to improve the orbit parameters of Triton.
