- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/456/2
- Title:
- MiMeS survey of magnetism in massive stars
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/456/2
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The MiMeS (Magnetism in Massive Stars) project is a large-scale, high-resolution, sensitive spectropolarimetric investigation of the magnetic properties of O- and early B-type stars. Initiated in 2008 and completed in 2013, the project was supported by three Large Program allocations, as well as various programmes initiated by independent principal investigators, and archival resources. Ultimately, over 4800 circularly polarized spectra of 560 O and B stars were collected with the instruments ESPaDOnS (Echelle SpectroPolarimetric Device for the Observation of Stars) at the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope, Narval at the Telescope Bernard Lyot and HARPSpol at the European Southern Observatory La Silla 3.6m telescope, making MiMeS by far the largest systematic investigation of massive star magnetism ever undertaken. In this paper, the first in a series reporting the general results of the survey, we introduce the scientific motivation and goals, describe the sample of targets, review the instrumentation and observational techniques used, explain the exposure time calculation designed to provide sensitivity to surface dipole fields above approximately 100G, discuss the polarimetric performance, stability and uncertainty of the instrumentation, and summarize the previous and forthcoming publications.
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Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/751/55
- Title:
- MMT hypervelocity star survey. II.
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/751/55
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the discovery of five new unbound hypervelocity stars (HVSs) in the outer Milky Way halo. Using a conservative estimate of Galactic escape velocity, our targeted spectroscopic survey has now identified 16 unbound HVSs as well as a comparable number of HVSs ejected on bound trajectories. A Galactic center origin for the HVSs is supported by their unbound velocities, the observed number of unbound stars, their stellar nature, their ejection time distribution, and their Galactic latitude and longitude distribution. Other proposed origins for the unbound HVSs, such as runaway ejections from the disk or dwarf galaxy tidal debris, cannot be reconciled with the observations. An intriguing result is the spatial anisotropy of HVSs on the sky, which possibly reflects an anisotropic potential in the central 10-100pc region of the Galaxy. Further progress requires measurement of the spatial distribution of HVSs over the southern sky. Our survey also identifies seven B supergiants associated with known star-forming galaxies; the absence of B supergiants elsewhere in the survey implies there are no new star-forming galaxies in our survey footprint to a depth of 1-2Mpc.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/146/102
- Title:
- Multi-frequency fit of periodic B stars in NGC 884
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/146/102
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Recent progress in the seismic interpretation of field {beta} Cep stars has resulted in improvements of the physical description in the stellar structure and evolution model computations of massive stars. Further asteroseismic constraints can be obtained from studying ensembles of stars in a young open cluster, which all have similar age, distance, and chemical composition. We present an observational asteroseismology study based on the discovery of numerous multi-periodic and mono-periodic B stars in the open cluster NGC 884. We describe a thorough investigation of the pulsational properties of all B-type stars in the cluster. Overall, our detailed frequency analysis resulted in 115 detected frequencies in 65 stars. We found 36 mono-periodic, 16 bi-periodic, 10 tri-periodic, and 2 quadru-periodic stars and one star with nine independent frequencies. We also derived the amplitudes and phases of all detected frequencies in the U, B, V, and I filter, if available. We achieved unambiguous identifications of the mode degree for 12 of the detected frequencies in nine of the pulsators. Imposing the identified degrees and measured frequencies of the radial, dipole, and quadrupole modes of five pulsators led to a seismic cluster age estimate of log(age/yr)=7.12-7.28 from a comparison with stellar models. Our study is a proof-of-concept for and illustrates the current status of ensemble asteroseismology of a young open cluster.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/539/A143
- Title:
- Nearby B-stars stellar parameters and abundances
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/539/A143
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Early B-type stars are ideal indicators for present-day cosmic abundances since they preserve their pristine abundances and typically do not migrate far beyond their birth environments over their short lifetimes, in contrast to older stars like the Sun. They are also unaffected by depletion onto dust grains, unlike the cold/warm interstellar medium (ISM) or HII regions. A carefully selected sample of early B-type stars in OB associations and the field within the solar neighbourhood is studied comprehensively. Quantitative spectroscopy is used to characterise their atmospheric properties in a self-consistent way. Present-day abundances for the astrophysically most interesting chemical elements are derived in order to investigate whether a present-day cosmic abundance standard can be established.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/487/307
- Title:
- Nearby B-type stars abundances
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/487/307
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The recent downward revision of the solar photospheric abundances now leads to severe inconsistencies between the theoretical predictions for the internal structure of the Sun and the results of helioseismology. There have been claims that the solar neon abundance may be underestimated and that an increase in this poorly-known quantity could alleviate (or even completely solve) this problem. Early-type stars in the solar neighbourhood are well-suited to testing this hypothesis because they are the only stellar objects whose absolute neon abundance can be derived from the direct analysis of photospheric lines. Here we present a fully homogeneous NLTE abundance study of the optical Ne I and Ne II lines in a sample of 18 nearby, early B-type stars, which suggests log[epsilon(Ne)]=7.97+/-0.07dex (on the scale in which log[epsilon(H)=12)]) for the present-day neon abundance of the local ISM. Chemical evolution models of the Galaxy only predict a very small enrichment of the nearby interstellar gas in neon over the past 4.6Gyr, implying that our estimate should be representative of the Sun at birth. Although higher by about 35% than the new recommended solar abundance, such a value appears insufficient by itself to restore the past agreement between the solar models and the helioseismological constraints.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/513/A6
- Title:
- NOT survey of subdwarf B stars
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/513/A6
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- A search programme for pulsating subdwarf B stars was conducted with the Nordic Optical Telescope on La Palma over 59 nights between 1999 and 2009. The purpose of the programme was to significantly extend the number of rapidly pulsating sdB stars to better understand the properties of this new group of variable compact stars. Candidates were selected initially from the HS and HE surveys, but were supplemented with additional objects from other surveys. Short sequences of time-series photometry were made on the candidates to determine the presence of rapid pulsations.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/543/A101
- Title:
- OB stars in Cygnus OB2 association
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/543/A101
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The Cygnus OB2 association and its surroundings display the richest collection of massive stars in our nearby Galactic environment and a wealth of signposts of the interaction between these stars and the interstellar gas. We perform a magnitude-limited, homogeneous census of O and early B-type stars with accurate spectral classifications in the blue, in a 6{deg}x4{deg} region centered on Cygnus OB2 that includes most of the Cygnus X complex, a sizeable fraction of the adjacent Cygnus OB9 association, and a large area of the field surrounding these complexes
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AN/331/349
- Title:
- O, B-type & red supergiant masses and luminosities
- Short Name:
- J/AN/331/349
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Massive stars are of interest as progenitors of supernovae, i.e. neutron stars and black holes, which can be sources of gravitational waves. Recent population synthesis models can predict neutron star and gravitational wave observations but deal with a fixed supernova rate or an assumed initial mass function for the population of massive stars. Here we investigate those massive stars, which are supernova progenitors, i.e. with O- and early B-type stars, and also all supergiants within 3kpc. We restrict our sample to those massive stars detected both in 2MASS and observed by Hipparcos, i.e. only those stars with parallax and precise photometry. To determine the luminosities we calculated the extinctions from published multi-colour photometry, spectral types, luminosity class, all corrected for multiplicity and recently revised Hipparcos distances. We use luminosities and temperatures to estimate the masses and ages of these stars using different models from different authors.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/787/163
- Title:
- Photometric data for SN 2009ip
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/787/163
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present time series photometric and spectroscopic data for the transient SN 2009ip from the start of its outburst in 2012 September until 2013 November. These data were collected primarily with the new robotic capabilities of the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network, a specialized facility for time domain astrophysics, and includes supporting high-resolution spectroscopy from the Southern Astrophysical Research Telescope, Kitt Peak National Observatory, and Gemini Observatory. Based on our nightly photometric monitoring, we interpret the strength and timing of fluctuations in the light curve as interactions between fast-moving ejecta and an inhomogeneous circumstellar material (CSM) produced by past eruptions of this massive luminous blue variable (LBV) star. Our time series of spectroscopy in 2012 reveals that, as the continuum and narrow H{alpha} flux from CSM interactions declines, the broad component of H{alpha} persists with supernova (SN)-like velocities that are not typically seen in LBVs or SN impostor events. At late times, we find that SN 2009ip continues to decline slowly, at <~0.01 mag/day, with small fluctuations in slope similar to Type IIn supernovae (SNe IIn) or SN impostors but no further LBV-like activity. The late-time spectrum features broad calcium lines similar to both late-time SNe and SN impostors. In general, we find that the photometric and spectroscopic evolution of SN 2009ip is more similar to SNe IIn than either continued eruptions of an LBV star or SN impostors but we cannot rule out a nonterminal explosion. In this context, we discuss the implications for episodic mass loss during the late stages of massive star evolution.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/448/1001
- Title:
- Radial velocities of B stars in Sco-Cen
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/448/1001
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We derive single-epoch radial velocities for a sample of 56 B-type stars members of the subgroups Upper Scorpius, Upper Centaurus Lupus and Lower Centaurus Crux of the nearby Sco-Cen OB association. The radial velocity measurements were obtained by means of high-resolution echelle spectra via analysis of individual lines. The internal accuracy obtained in the measurements is estimated to be typically 2-3km/s, but depends on the projected rotational velocity of the target. Radial velocity measurements taken for 2-3 epochs for the targets HD120307, HD142990 and HD139365 are variable and confirm that the y are spectroscopic binaries, as previously identified in the literature. Spectral lines from two stellar components are resolved in the observed spectra of target stars HD133242, HD133955 and HD143018, identifying them as spectroscopic binaries.
