- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/659/A167
- Title:
- Cepheid Period-Wesenheit-Metallicity relation
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/659/A167
- Date:
- 23 Mar 2022 15:18:20
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Classical Cepheids (DCEPs) represent a fundamental tool to calibrate the extragalactic distance scale. However, they are also powerful stellar population tracers, in the context of Galactic studies. The forthcoming Data Release 3 (DR3) of the Gaia mission will allow us to study with unprecedented detail the structure, the dynamics and the chemical properties of the Galactic disc, and in particular of the spiral arms, where most Galactic DCEPs reside. In this paper we aim at quantifying the metallicity dependence of the Galactic DCEPs Period-Wesenheit (PWZ) relation in the Gaia bands. We adopt a sample of 499 DCEPs with metal abundances from high-resolution spectroscopy, in conjunction with Gaia Early Data Release 3 parallaxes and photometry to calibrate a PWZ relation in the Gaia bands. We find a significant metallicity term, of the order of -0.5mag/dex, which is larger than the values measured in the NIR bands by different authors. Our best PWZ relation is W=(-5.988+/-0.018)-(3.176+/-0.044)(logP-1.0)-(0.520+/-0.090)[Fe/H]. We validate our PWZ relations by using the distance to the Large Magellanic Cloud as a benchmark, finding a very good agreement with the geometric distance provided by eclipsing binaries. As an additional test, we evaluate the metallicity gradient of the young Galactic disc, finding -0.0527+/-0.0022dex/kpc, in very good agreement with previous results.
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Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/434/2238
- Title:
- Cepheids in open clusters
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/434/2238
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Cepheids in open clusters (cluster Cepheids: CCs) are of great importance as zero-point calibrators of the Galactic Cepheid period-luminosity relationship (PLR). We perform an 8-dimensional all-sky census that aims to identify new bona-fide CCs and provide a ranking of membership confidence for known CC candidates according to membership probabilities. The probabilities are computed for combinations of known Galactic open clusters and classical Cepheid candidates, based on spatial, kinematic, and population-specific membership constraints. Data employed in this analysis are taken largely from published literature and supplemented by a year-round observing program on both hemispheres dedicated to determining systemic radial velocities of Cepheids. In total, we find 23 bona-fide CCs, 5 of which are candidates identified for the first time, including an overtone-Cepheid member in NGC 129. We discuss a subset of CC candidates in detail, some of which have been previously mentioned in the literature. Our results indicate unlikely membership for 7 Cepheids that have been previously discussed in terms of cluster membership. We furthermore revisit the Galactic PLR using our bona fide CC sample and obtain a result consistent with the recent calibration by Turner (2010). However, our calibration remains limited mainly by cluster uncertainties and the small number of long-period calibrators. In the near future, Gaia will enable our study to be carried out in much greater detail and accuracy, thanks to data homogeneity and greater levels of completeness.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/618/A122
- Title:
- Cetus dSph stellar chemo-kinematics
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/618/A122
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Cetus is an isolated, dwarf spheroidal (dSph) galaxy at a distance of 755kpc. In order to quantify its stellar chemo-kinematical properties, we observed individual red giants branch stars in Cetus with the Very Large Telescope (VLT) FORS2 instrument, in Mask eXchange Unit (MXU) configuration. The kinematic analysis shows that Cetus is a mainly pressure-supported ({sigma}_v_=11.0^+1.6^_-1.3_km/s), dark-matter-dominated system (M_1/2_/L_V_=23.9^+9.7^_-8.9_M_{sun}_/L_{sun}_) with no significant signs of internal rotation. We find Cetus to be a metal-poor system with a significant metallicity spread (median [Fe/H]=-1.71dex, median-absolute-deviation =0.49dex), as expected for its stellar mass. We report the presence of a mild metallicity gradient compatible with those found in other dSphs of the same luminosity; we trace the presence of a stellar population gradient also in the spatial distribution of stars in different evolutionary phases in ancillary photometric data. There are tentative indications of two chemo-kinematically distinct sub-populations, with the more metal-poor stars showing a hotter kinematics than the metal-richer ones. Our results add Cetus to the growing scatter in stellar-dark matter halo properties in low-mass galactic systems. The presence of a metallicity gradient akin to those found in similar systems inhabiting different environments may hint at metallicity gradients in Local Group early-type dwarfs being driven by internal mechanisms.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/893/96
- Title:
- CHAOS IV: NGC3184 LBT obs. & 3 other gal. abundances
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/893/96
- Date:
- 07 Mar 2022 07:28:28
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The chemical abundances of spiral galaxies, as probed by HII regions across their disks, are key to understanding the evolution of galaxies over a wide range of environments. We present Large Binocular Telescope/Multi-Object Double Spectrographs spectra of 52 HII regions in NGC 3184 as part of the CHemical Abundances Of Spirals (CHAOS) project. We explore the direct-method gas-phase abundance trends for the first four CHAOS galaxies, using temperature measurements from one or more auroral-line detections in 190 individual HII regions. We find that the dispersion in T_e_-T_e_ relationships is dependent on ionization, as characterized by F_{lambda}5007_/F_{lambda}3727_, and so we recommend ionization-based temperature priorities for abundance calculations. We confirm our previous results that [NII] and [SIII] provide the most robust measures of electron temperature in low-ionization zones, while [OIII] provides reliable electron temperatures in high-ionization nebula. We measure relative and absolute abundances for O, N, S, Ar, and Ne. The four CHAOS galaxies marginally conform with a universal O/H gradient, as found by empirical integral field unit studies when plotted relative to effective radius. However, after adjusting for vertical offsets, we find a tight universal N/O gradient of {alpha}_N/O_=-0.33dex/R_e_ with {sigma}_tot._=0.08 for R_g_/R_e_<2.0, where N is dominated by secondary production. Despite this tight universal N/O gradient, the scatter in the N/O-O/H relationship is significant. Interestingly, the scatter is similar when N/O is plotted relative to O/H or S/H. The observable ionic states of S probe lower ionization and excitation energies than O, which might be more appropriate for characterizing abundances in metal-rich HII regions.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/599/A96
- Title:
- [C/H] Chemical abundances of 1110 stars
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/599/A96
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Carbon, oxygen and nitrogen (CNO) are key elements in stellar formation and evolution, and their abundances should also have a significant impact on planetary formation and evolution. We aim to present a detailed spectroscopic analysis of 1110 solar-type stars, 143 of which are known to have planetary companions. We have determined the carbon abundances of these stars and investigate a possible connection between C and the presence of planetary companions. We used the HARPS spectrograph to obtain high-resolution optical spectra of our targets. Spectral synthesis of the CH band at 4300{AA} was performed with the spectral synthesis codes MOOG and FITTING. We have studied carbon in several reliable spectral windows and have obtained abundances and distributions that show that planet host stars are carbon rich when compared to single stars, a signature caused by the known metal-rich nature of stars with planets. We find no different behaviour when separating the stars by the mass of the planetary companion. We conclude that reliable carbon abundances can be derived for solar-type stars from the CH band at 4300{AA}. We confirm two different slope trends for [C/Fe] with [Fe/H] because the behaviour is opposite for stars above and below solar values. We observe a flat distribution of the [C/Fe] ratio for all planetary masses, a finding that apparently excludes any clear connection between the [C/Fe] abundance ratio and planetary mass.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/802/93
- Title:
- Chemical abundance analysis of 5 stars in Sculptor
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/802/93
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a homogeneous chemical abundance analysis of five of the most metal-poor stars in the Sculptor dwarf spheroidal galaxy. We analyze new and archival high resolution spectroscopy from Magellan/MIKE and VLT/UVES and determine stellar parameters and abundances in a consistent way for each star. Two of the stars in our sample, at [Fe/H]=-3.5 and [Fe/H]=-3.8, are new discoveries from our Ca K survey of Sculptor, while the other three were known in the literature. We confirm that Scl 07-50 is the lowest metallicity star identified in an external galaxy, at [Fe/H]=-4.1. The two most metal-poor stars both have very unusual abundance patterns, with striking deficiencies of the {alpha} elements, while the other three stars resemble typical extremely metal-poor Milky Way halo stars. We show that the star-to-star scatter for several elements in Sculptor is larger than that for halo stars in the same metallicity range. This scatter and the uncommon abundance patterns of the lowest metallicity stars indicate that the oldest surviving Sculptor stars were enriched by a small number of earlier supernovae, perhaps weighted toward high-mass progenitors from the first generation of stars the galaxy formed.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/142/59
- Title:
- Chemical abundance in 10 open clusters
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/142/59
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a detailed chemical abundance study of evolved stars in 10 open clusters based on Hydra multi-object echelle spectra obtained with the WIYN 3.5m telescope. From an analysis of both equivalent widths and spectrum synthesis, abundances have been determined for the elements Fe, Na, O, Mg, Si, Ca, Ti, Ni, Zr, and for two of the 10 clusters, Al and Cr. To our knowledge, this is the first detailed abundance analysis for clusters NGC 1245, NGC 2194, NGC 2355, and NGC 2425.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AZh/88/284
- Title:
- Chemical abundance of Hercules moving group
- Short Name:
- J/AZh/88/284
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The results of a comparative analysis of the kinematics, ages, and elemental abundances for 17 red giants in the Hercules moving group are presented. Model atmospheres are used to determine the parameters of the stellar atmospheres and the abundances of about 20 elements. The masses and ages of the stars are estimated, and the components of their Galactic velocities and the elements of their Galactic orbits are calculated. Our analysis demonstrates that the Hercules stream is a heterogeneous group of objects from the thin and thick disks.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/558/A106
- Title:
- Chemical abundances for 83 transit hosts
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/558/A106
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Precise stellar parameters are crucial in exoplanet research for correctly determining of the planetary parameters. For stars hosting a transiting planet, determining of the planetary mass and radius depends on the stellar mass and radius, which in turn depend on the atmospheric stellar parameters. Different methods can provide different results, which leads to different planet characteristics. In this paper, we use a uniform method to spectroscopically derive stellar atmospheric parameters, chemical abundances, stellar masses, and stellar radii for a sample of 90 transit hosts. Surface gravities are also derived photometrically using the stellar density as derived from the light curve. We study the effect of using these different surface gravities on the determination of the chemical abundances and the stellar mass and radius. A spectroscopic analysis based on Kurucz models in LTE was performed through the MOOG code to derive the atmospheric parameters and the chemical abundances. The photometric surface gravity was determined through isochrone fitting and the use of the stellar density, directly determined from the light curve. Stellar masses and radii are determined through calibration formulae. Spectroscopic and photometric surface gravities differ, but this has very little effect on the precise determination of the stellar mass in our spectroscopic analysis. The stellar radius, and hence the planetary radius, is most affected by the surface gravity discrepancies. For the chemical abundances, the difference is, as expected, only noticable for the abundances derived from analyzing of lines of ionized species.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/567/A12
- Title:
- Chemical abundances in Galactic PNe
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/567/A12
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present new low-resolution (R~800) optical spectra of 22 Galactic PNe with Spitzer spectra. These data are combined with recent optical spectroscopic data available in the literature to construct representative samples of compact (and presumably young) Galactic disc and bulge PNe with Spitzer spectra. Attending to the nature of the dust features seen in their Spitzer spectra, Galactic disc and bulge PNe are classified according to four major dust types (oxygen chemistry or OC, carbon chemistry or CC, double chemistry or DC, featureless or F) and subtypes (amorphous and crystalline, and aliphatic and aromatic). Nebular gas abundances of He, N, O, Ne, S, Cl, and Ar, as well as plasma parameters (e.g. Ne, Te) are homogeneously derived and we study the median chemical abundances and nebular properties in Galactic disc and bulge PNe depending on their Spitzer dust types and subtypes. A comparison of the derived median abundance patterns with AGB nucleosynthesis predictions show mainly that i) DC PNe, both with amorphous and crystalline silicates, display high-metallicity (solar/supra-solar) and the highest He abundances and N/O ratios, suggesting relatively massive (~3-5M_{sun}_) hot bottom burning AGB stars as progenitors; ii) PNe with O-rich and C-rich unevolved dust (amorphous and aliphatic) seem to evolve from subsolar metallicity (z~0.008) and lower mass (<3M_{sun}_) AGB stars; iii) a few O-rich PNe and a significant fraction of C-rich PNe with more evolved dust (crystalline and aromatic, respectively) display chemical abundances similar to DC PNe, suggesting that they are related objects. A comparison of the derived nebular properties with predictions from models combining the theoretical central star evolution with a simple nebular model is also presented. Finally, a possible link between the Spitzer dust properties, chemical abundances, and evolutionary status is discussed.
