- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/838/90
- Title:
- Abundance analysis of 9 very metal-poor stars
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/838/90
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We have performed a differential line-by-line chemical abundance analysis, ultimately relative to the Sun, of nine very metal-poor main-sequence (MS) halo stars, near [Fe/H]=-2dex. Our abundances range from -2.66<=[Fe/H]<=-1.40dex with conservative uncertainties of 0.07dex. We find an average [{alpha}/Fe]=0.34+/-0.09dex, typical of the Milky Way. While our spectroscopic atmosphere parameters provide good agreement with Hubble Space Telescope parallaxes, there is significant disagreement with temperature and gravity parameters indicated by observed colors and theoretical isochrones. Although a systematic underestimate of the stellar temperature by a few hundred degrees could explain this difference, it is not supported by current effective temperature studies and would create large uncertainties in the abundance determinations. Both 1D and <3D> hydrodynamical models combined with separate 1D non-LTE effects do not yet account for the atmospheres of real metal-poor MS stars, but a fully 3D non-LTE treatment may be able to explain the ionization imbalance found in this work.
« Previous |
1 - 10 of 177
|
Next »
Number of results to display per page
Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/370/163
- Title:
- Abundance distribution of stars with planets
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/370/163
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the results of a uniform, high-precision spectroscopic metallicity study of 136 G-type stars from the Anglo-Australian Planet Search, 20 of which are known to harbour extrasolar planets (as at 2005 July). Abundances in Fe, C, Na, Al, Si, Ca, Ti and Ni are presented, along with Stroemgen photometric metallicities. This study is one of several recent studies examining the metallicities of a sample of planet-host and non-planet-host stars that were obtained from a single sample, and analysed in an identical manner, providing an unbiased estimate of the metallicity trends for planet-bearing stars. We find that non-parametric tests of the distribution of metallicities for planet-host and non-planet-host stars are significantly different at a level of 99.4 per cent confidence. We confirm the previously observed trend for planet-host stars to have higher mean metallicities than non-planet-host stars, with a mean metallicity for planet-host stars of [Fe/H]=0.06+/-0.03dex compared with [Fe/H]=0.09+/-0.01dex for non-host-stars in our sample. This enrichment is also seen in the other elements studied. Based on our findings, we suggest that this observed enhancement is more likely a relic of the original gas cloud from which the star and its planets formed, rather than being due to 'pollution' of the stellar photosphere.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/743/140
- Title:
- Abundances (Be,{alpha}) in metal-poor stars
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/743/140
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The light elements, Li, Be, and B, provide tracers for many aspects of astronomy including stellar structure, Galactic evolution, and cosmology. We have made observations of Be in 117 metal-poor stars ranging in metallicity from [Fe/H]=-0.5 to -3.5 with Keck I/HIRES. Our spectra are high resolution (~42000) and high signal to noise (the median is 106 per pixel). We have determined the stellar parameters spectroscopically from lines of FeI, FeII, TiI, and TiII. The abundances of Be and O were derived by spectrum synthesis techniques, while abundances of Fe, Ti, and Mg were found from many spectral line measurements. We have kinematic information on 114 stars in our sample and they divide equally into dissipative and accretive stars.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/627/A173
- Title:
- Abundances for 4 metal-poor stars
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/627/A173
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Very metal-poor halo stars are the best candidates for being among the oldest objects in our Galaxy. Samples of halo stars with age determination and detailed chemical composition measurements provide key information for constraining the nature of the first stellar generations and the nucleosynthesis in the metal-poor regime. Age estimates are very uncertain and are available for only a small number of metal-poor stars. Here we present the first results of a pilot program aimed at deriving precise masses, ages and chemical abundances for metal-poor halo giants using asteroseismology, and high-resolution spectroscopy. We obtained high-resolution UVES spectra for four metal-poor RAVE stars observed by the K2 satellite. Seismic data obtained from K2 light curves helped improving spectroscopic temperatures, metallicities and individual chemical abundances. Mass and ages were derived using the code PARAM, investigating the effects of different assumptions (e.g. mass loss, [alpha/Fe]-enhancement). Orbits were computed using Gaia DR2 data. {The stars are found to be "normal" metal-poor halo stars (i.e. non C-enhanced), with an abundance pattern typical of old stars (i.e. alpha and Eu-enhanced), and with masses in the 0.80-1.0M_{sun}_ range. The inferred model-dependent stellar ages are found to range from 7.4 to 13.0Gyr, with uncertainties of ~30%-35%. We also provide revised masses and ages for metal-poor stars with Kepler seismic data from APOGEE survey and a set of M4 stars. The present work shows that the combination of asteroseismology and high-resolution spectroscopy provides precise ages in the metal-poor regime. Most of the stars analysed in the present work (covering the metallicity range of [Fe/H]~-0.8 to -2dex), are very old >9Gyr (14 out of 19 stars), and all of them are older than >5Gyr (within the 68 percentile confidence level).
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/458/997
- Title:
- Abundances for 6 transiting planet host stars
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/458/997
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We used the UVES spectrograph (VLT-UT2 telescope) to obtain high-resolution spectra of 6 stars hosting transiting planets, namely for OGLE-TR-10, 56, 111, 113, 132, and TrES-1. These spectra are now used to derive and discuss the chemical abundances for C, O, Na, Mg, Al, Si, S, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/449/723
- Title:
- Abundances in atmospheres of stars with planets
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/449/723
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a uniform and homogeneous study of the abundances of Si, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Na, Mg and Al in 100 stars with and 94 without known planetary companions. The main purpose of this work is to make a deep investigation of the abundance of refractory elements, using an enlarged set of data which includes new observations, especially for the sample of stars without known planets. The new comparison sample spans metallicity range -0.70<[Fe/H]<0.50 and fills the gap that previously existed, mainly at high metallicities, in the number of field "single" comparison stars. Furthermore, we improved the line list previously studied by other authors: on average we analysed 90 spectral lines in every spectrum and carefully measured more than 16 600 equivalent widths (EW) to calculate the abundances. We investigate possible differences between the chemical abundances of the two groups of stars, with and without planets. The results are globally comparable to those obtained by other authors, and in most cases the abundance trends of planet-host stars are very similar to those of the comparison sample. This work represents a step towards the comprehension of recently discovered planetary systems. These results could also be useful for verifying galactic models at high metallicities and consequently improve our knowledge of stellar nucleosynthesis and galactic chemical evolution.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/857/2
- Title:
- Abundances in 6 metal-poor stars
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/857/2
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present new abundances derived from CuI, CuII, ZnI, and ZnII lines in six warm (5766<=T_eff_<=6427K), metal-poor (-2.50<=[Fe/H]<=-0.95) dwarf and subgiant (3.64<=logg<=4.44) stars. These abundances are derived from archival high-resolution ultraviolet spectra from the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph on board the Hubble Space Telescope and ground-based optical spectra from several observatories. Ionized Cu and Zn are the majority species, and abundances derived from CuII and ZnII lines should be largely insensitive to departures from local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE). We find good agreement between the [Zn/H] ratios derived separately from ZnI and ZnII lines, suggesting that departures from LTE are, at most, minimal (<~0.1dex). We find that the [Cu/H] ratios derived from CuII lines are 0.36+/-0.06dex larger than those derived from CuI lines in the most metal-poor stars ([Fe/H]{<}-1.8), suggesting that LTE underestimates the Cu abundance derived from CuI lines. The deviations decrease in more metal-rich stars. Our results validate previous theoretical non-LTE calculations for both Cu and Zn, supporting earlier conclusions that the enhancement of [Zn/Fe] in metal-poor stars is legitimate, and the deficiency of [Cu/Fe] in metal-poor stars may not be as large as previously thought.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/438/139
- Title:
- Abundances in Milky Way's disk
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/438/139
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We have compiled a large catalogue of metallicities and abundance ratios from the literature in order to investigate abundance trends of several alpha and iron peak elements in the thin disk and the thick disk of the Galaxy. The catalogue includes 743 stars with abundances of Fe, O, Mg, Ca, Ti, Si, Na, Ni and Al in the metallicity range -1.30<[Fe/H]<+0.50. We have checked that systematic differences between abundances measured in the different studies were lower than random errors before combining them. Accurate distances and proper motions from Hipparcos, and radial velocities from several sources have been retrieved for 639 stars and their velocities (U,V,W) and galactic orbits have been computed. Ages of 322 stars have been estimated with the Bayesian method of isochrone fitting developed by Pont & Eyer (2004MNRAS.351..487P). Two samples kinematically representative of the thin and thick disks have been selected, taking into account the Hercules stream which is intermediate in kinematics, but with a probable dynamical origin. Our results show that the two disks are chemically well separated, they overlap greatly in metallicity and both show parallel decreasing trends of alpha elements with increasing metallicity, in the interval -0.80<[Fe/H]<-0.30. The Mg enhancement with respect to Fe of the thick disk is measured to be 0.14dex. An even larger enhancement is observed for Al. The thick disk is clearly older than the thin disk with a tentative evidence of an AMR over 2-3Gyr and a hiatus in star formation before the formation of the thin disk. We do not observe a vertical gradient in the metallicity of the thick disk. The Hercules stream have properties similar to that of the thin disk, with a wider range of metallicity. Metal-rich stars assigned to the thick disk and super metal rich stars assigned to the thin disk appear as outliers in all their properties.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/486/941
- Title:
- Abundances in M71 (NGC 6838)
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/486/941
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Abundance variations in moderately metal-rich globular clusters can give clues about the formation and chemical enrichment of globular clusters. CN, CH, Na, Mg and Al indices in spectra of 89 stars of the template metal-rich globular cluster M71 are measured and implications on internal mixing are discussed.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/416/1117
- Title:
- Abundances in the early Galaxy
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/416/1117
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- In the framework of the ESO Large Programme "First Stars", very high-quality spectra of some 70 very metal-poor dwarfs and giants were obtained with the ESO VLT and UVES spectrograph. These stars are likely to have descended from the first generation(s) of stars formed after the Big Bang, and their detailed composition provides constraints on issues such as the nature of the first supernovae, the efficiency of mixing processes in the early Galaxy, the formation and evolution of the halo of the Galaxy, and the possible sources of reionization of the Universe. This paper presents the abundance analysis of an homogeneous sample of 35 giants selected from the HK survey of Beers et al. (1992, Cat. <J/AJ/103/1987>, 1999, Cat. <J/AJ/117/981>), emphasizing stars of extremely low metallicity: 30 of our 35 stars are in the range -4.1<[Fe/H]<-2.7, and 22 stars have [Fe/H]<-3.0. Our new VLT/UVES spectra, at a resolving power of R~45000 and with signal-to-noise ratios of 100-200 per pixel over the wavelength range 330-1000 nm, are greatly superior to those of the classic studies of McWilliam et al. (1995AJ....109.2757M) and Ryan et al. (1996ApJ...471..254R).
