- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/216/44
- Title:
- Walraven photometry in Sco-Cen association
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/216/44
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Walraven photometry is presented of established and probable members of the Scorpio-Centaurus OB association. For each star, effective temperature and surface gravity are derived using Kurucz atmosphere models (1979ApJS...40....1K). From the Straizys and Kuriliene (1981Ap&SS..80..353S) tables, absolute magnitudes are calculated. Distance moduli and visual extinctions are determined for all stars. From a comparison of the HR-diagrams of the stars in each subgroup with theoretical isochrones, the ages of the three subgroups are derived. The distances to the three subgroups are shown to be different; there is a general trend (also within each subgroup) for the distances to be larger at higher galactic longitudes. The visual extinction in the youngest subgroup Upper-Scorpius, is well correlated with the IRAS 100-micron map. The distance toward the Ophiuchus dark clouds is found to be 125 pc, based on the photometric distances to the stars. Most of the early-type stars in Upper-Scorpius are located at the far side of the dark clouds.
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- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/463/2125
- Title:
- White dwarf binary pathways survey
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/463/2125
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The number of spatially unresolved white dwarf plus main-sequence star binaries has increased rapidly in the last decade, jumping from only ~30 in 2003 to over 3000. However, in the majority of known systems the companion to the white dwarf is a low-mass M dwarf, since these are relatively easy to identify from optical colours and spectra. White dwarfs with more massive FGK type companions have remained elusive due to the large difference in optical brightness between the two stars. In this paper, we identify 934 main-sequence FGK stars from the Radial Velocity Experiment survey in the Southern hemisphere and the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope survey in the Northern hemisphere, that show excess flux at ultraviolet wavelengths which we interpret as the likely presence of a white dwarf companion. We obtained Hubble Space Telescope ultraviolet spectra for nine systems which confirmed that the excess is indeed caused, in all cases, by a hot compact companion, eight being white dwarfs and one a hot subdwarf or pre-helium white dwarf, demonstrating that this sample is very clean. We also address the potential of this sample to test binary evolution models and Type Ia supernovae formation channels.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/143/50
- Title:
- White dwarfs in 47 Tuc (NGC 104) with HST
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/143/50
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a new distance determination to the Galactic globular cluster 47 Tucanae (47 Tuc, NGC 104) by fitting the spectral energy distributions of its white dwarfs (WDs) to pure hydrogen atmosphere WD models. Our photometric data set is obtained from a 121-orbit Hubble Space Telescope program using the Wide Field Camera 3 UVIS/IR channels, capturing F390W, F606W, F110W, and F160W images. These images cover more than 60 arcmin^2^ and extend over a radial range of 5-13.7arcmin (6.5-17.9pc) within the globular cluster. Using a likelihood analysis, we obtain a best-fitting unreddened distance modulus of (m-M)_o_=13.36+/-0.02+/-0.06 corresponding to a distance of 4.69+/-0.04+/-0.13kpc, where the first error is random and the second is systematic. We also search the WD photometry for infrared excess in the F160W filter, indicative of low-mass companions, and find no convincing cases within our sample.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/155/50
- Title:
- WISE photometry of Be stars in young open clusters
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/155/50
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Through the modeling of near-infrared photometry of star-plus disk systems with the codes BEDISK/BERAY, we successfully describe the Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) photometric characteristics of Be stars in five young open clusters, NGC 663, NGC 869, NGC 884, NGC 3766, and NGC 4755, broadly studied in the literature. WISE photometry allows previously known Be stars to be detected and to find new Be candidates which could be confirmed spectroscopically. The location of Be stars in the WISE color-magnitude diagram, separates them in two groups; active (Be stars hosting a developed circumstellar disk) and quiescent objects (Be stars in a diskless phase), and this way, we can explore how often stars are observed in these different stages. The variability observed in most active variable Be stars is compatible with a disk dissipation phase. We find that 50% of Be stars in the studied open clusters are in an active phase. We can interpret this as Be stars having a developed circumstellar disk one-half of the time. The location of Be stars with a developed disk in the color-magnitude diagram require mass loss rates in agreement with values recently reported in the literature. For these objects, we expect to have a tight relation between the equivalent width of the H{alpha} line and the mass of the disk, if the inclination is known. Also, near-infrared photometry of Be stars in stellar clusters has the potential of being useful to test whether there is a preferential viewing angle.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/170/288
- Title:
- WMAP 3 Year Temperature Analysis
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/170/288
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present new full-sky temperature maps in five frequency bands from 23 to 94GHz, based on data from the first 3 years of the WMAP sky survey. The new maps are consistent with the first-year maps and are more sensitive. We employ two forms of multifrequency analysis to separate astrophysical foreground signals from the CMB, each of which improves on our first-year analyses. First, we form an improved "Internal Linear Combination" (ILC) map, based solely on WMAP data, by adding a bias-correction step and by quantifying residual uncertainties in the resulting map. Second, we fit and subtract new spatial templates that trace Galactic emission; in particular, we now use low-frequency WMAP data to trace synchrotron emission instead of the 408MHz sky survey. The WMAP point source catalog is updated to include 115 new sources whose detection is made possible by the improved sky map sensitivity. We derive the angular power spectrum of the temperature anisotropy using a hybrid approach that combines a maximum likelihood estimate at low l (large angular scales) with a quadratic cross-power estimate for l>30. The resulting multifrequency spectra are analyzed for residual point source contamination. At 94GHz the unmasked sources contribute 128+/-27^{micron}^K^2^ to l(l+1)C_l_/2{pi} at l=1000. After subtracting this contribution, our best estimate of the CMB power spectrum is derived by averaging cross-power spectra from 153 statistically independent channel pairs. A simple six-parameter {LAMBDA}CDM model continues to fit CMB data and other measures of large-scale structure remarkably well. The new polarization data produce a better measurement of the optical depth to reionization, {tau}=0.089+/-0.03. This new and tighter constraint on {tau} help break a degeneracy with the scalar spectral index, which is now found to be ns=0.960+/-0.016.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/149/121
- Title:
- WOCS. LXV. Abundances in NGC 6819
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/149/121
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- High-dispersion spectra of 333 stars in the open cluster NGC 6819, obtained using the HYDRA spectrograph on the WIYN 3.5m telescope, have been analyzed to determine the abundances of iron and other metals from lines in the 400{AA} region surrounding the Li6708{AA} line. Our spectra, with signal-to-noise per pixel ranging from 60 to 300, span the luminosity range from the tip of the red giant branch to a point two magnitudes below the top of the cluster turnoff. We derive radial and rotational velocities for all stars, as well as [Fe/H] based on 17 iron lines, [Ca/H], [Si/H], and [Ni/H] in the 247 most probable, single members of the cluster. Input T_eff_ estimates for model atmosphere analysis are provided by (B-V) colors merged from several sources, with individual reddening corrections applied to each star relative to a cluster mean of E(B-V)=0.16. Extensive use is made of ROBOSPECT, an automatic equivalent width measurement program; its effectiveness on large spectroscopic samples is discussed. From the sample of likely single members, [Fe/H]=-0.03+/-0.06, where the error describes the median absolute deviation about the sample median value, leading to internal precision for the cluster below 0.01dex. The final uncertainty in the cluster abundance is therefore dominated by external systematics due to the temperature scale, surface gravity, and microturbulent velocity, leading to [Fe/H]=-0.02+/-0.02 for a sub-sample restricted to main sequence and turnoff stars. This result is consistent with our recent intermediate-band photometric determination of a slightly subsolar abundance for this cluster. [Ca/Fe], [Si/Fe], and [Ni/Fe] are determined to be solar within the uncertainties. NGC 6819 has an abundance distribution typical of solar metallicity thin disk stars in the solar neighborhood.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/159/220
- Title:
- WOCS LXXIX. M48. I. WIYN/Hydra spectra for M48 stars
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/159/220
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- WIYN/Hydra spectra (R~13500, signal-to-noise=50-1000/pixel) of a 400{AA} region around Li 6708{AA} are used to determine radial and rotational velocities for 287 photometrically selected candidate members of the open cluster M48. The sample ranges from turnoff A stars to late-K dwarfs and eight giants. We combine our radial velocity (V_RAD_) measurements and power spectrum analysis with parallax and proper motion data from Gaia DR2 to evaluate membership and multiplicity. We classify 152 stars as single cluster members, 11 as binary members, 16 as members of uncertain multiplicity, 56 as single nonmembers, 28 as single "likely" nonmembers, two as single "likely" members, one as a binary "likely" member, five as binary nonmembers, 10 as "likely" members of uncertain multiplicity, three as nonmembers of uncertain multiplicity, and three as "likely" nonmembers of uncertain multiplicity. From a subsample of 95 single members, we derive V_RAD_=8.512{+/-}0.087km/s ({sigma}_{mu}_, and {sigma}=0.848km/s). Using 16 isolated Fe I lines for a subsample of 99 single members (that have {sigma}_Teff_<75K (from 10 colors from UBVRI), vsini<25km/s, and well-behaved Fe I lines), [Fe/H]M48=-0.063{+/-}0.007dex ({sigma}_{mu}_). [Fe/H] is independent of Teff over an unprecedentedly large range of 2500K. The minimum cluster binary fraction is 11%-21%. M48 exhibits a clear but modest broadening of the main-sequence turnoff, and there is no correlation between color and vsini.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/153/128
- Title:
- WOCS. LXXV. Hyades&Praesepe stellar lithium data
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/153/128
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- WIYN/Hydra spectroscopy (at R~15000) of the moderately metal-rich Praesepe and Hyades open clusters was used to study their main-sequence (MS) iron ([Fe/H]) and lithium (A(Li)) abundances. Self-consistent [Fe/H] and Li analyses of these clusters of consistent age, which we re-evaluate, confirms that they have consistent [Fe/H] and provides a foundation to investigate the poorly understood G-dwarf and F-dwarf Li-depletions. Neither phenomenon agrees with standard stellar evolution theory, but possible explanations abound. We supplement our A(Li) with previously published results placed on a uniform abundance scale. This creates the largest self-consistently analyzed sample of A(Li) in both the Hyades (90) and Praesepe (110). For each star, high-precision UBVRI photometry was used to determine a 10-color-based T_eff_ and then to test for photometric peculiarities indicated by a large {sigma}_Teff_ (>75 K). The stars that have large {sigma}_Teff_ were predominantly found to be binaries or stars with peculiar (apparent) A(Li). When considering only proper-motion members that have low {sigma}_Teff_ and are also photometrically consistent with the cluster MS fiducial, each cluster has a more tightly defined Li morphology than previously observed and the two clusters' A(Li) are indistinguishable. This suggests that clusters of consistent age and metallicity may have consistent Li-depletion trends across a broad range of T_eff_; no additional major parameters are required, at least for these two clusters. We propose that the combined Hyades and Praesepe data offer more rigorous constraints than does either cluster alone, and we discuss newly revealed features of the combined Li-T_eff_ trend.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/155/138
- Title:
- WOCS.LXXVI.Velocity & abundances in NGC2506
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/155/138
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- HYDRA spectra of 287 stars in the field of NGC 2506 from the turnoff through the giant branch are analyzed. With previous data, 22 are identified as probable binaries; 90 more are classified as potential non-members. Spectroscopic analyses of ~60 red giants and slowly rotating turnoff stars using line equivalent widths and a neural network approach lead to [Fe/H]=-0.27+/-0.07 (s.d.) and [Fe/H]=-0.27+/-0.06 (s.d.), respectively. Li abundances are derived for 145 probable single-star members, 44 being upper limits. Among turnoff stars outside the Li-dip, A(Li)=3.04+/-0.16 (s.d.), with no trend with color, luminosity, or rotation speed. Evolving from the turnoff across the subgiant branch, there is a well-delineated decline to A(Li)~1.25 at the giant branch base, coupled with the rotational spindown from between ~20 and 70 km/s to less than 20 km/s for stars entering the subgiant branch and beyond. A(Li) remains effectively constant from the giant branch base to the red giant clump level. A new member above the clump redefines the path of the first-ascent red giant branch; its Li is 0.6 dex below the first-ascent red giants. With one exception, all post-He-flash stars have upper limits to A(Li), at or below the level of the brightest first-ascent red giant. The patterns are in excellent qualitative agreement with the model predictions for low/intermediate-mass stars which undergo rotation-induced mixing at the turnoff and subgiant branch, first dredge-up, and thermohaline mixing beyond the red giant bump.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/602/A33
- Title:
- X-Shooter spectroscopy of YSOs in Lupus
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/602/A33
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- A homogeneous determination of basic stellar parameters of young stellar object (YSO) candidates is needed to confirm their pre-main sequence evolutionary stage, membership to star forming regions (SFRs), and to get reliable values of the quantities related to chromospheric activity and accretion. We used the code ROTFIT and synthetic BT-Settl spectra for the determination of the atmospheric parameters (Teff and logg), the veiling (r), the radial (RV) and projected rotational velocity (vsini), from X-Shooter spectra of 102 YSO candidates (95 of infrared Class II and seven Class III) in the Lupus SFR. The spectral subtraction of inactive templates, rotationally broadened to match the vsini of the targets, enabled us to measure the line fluxes for several diagnostics of both chromospheric activity and accretion, such as H{alpha}, H{beta}, CaII, and NaI lines. We have shown that 13 candidates can be rejected as Lupus members based on their discrepant RV with respect to Lupus and/or the very low logg values. At least 11 of them are background giants, two of which turned out to be lithium-rich giants. Regarding the members, we found that all ClassIII sources have H{alpha} fluxes compatible with a pure chromospheric activity, while objects with disks lie mostly above the boundary between chromospheres and accretion. YSOs with transitional disks displays both high and low H{alpha} fluxes. We found that the line fluxes per unit surface are tightly correlated with the accretion luminosity (L_acc_) derived from the Balmer continuum excess. This rules out that the relationships between L_acc_ and line luminosities found in previous works are simply due to calibration effects. We also found that the CaII-IRT flux ratio is always small, indicating an optically thick emission source. The latter can be identified with the accretion shock near the stellar photosphere. The Balmer decrement reaches instead, for several accretors, high values typical of optically thin emission, suggesting that the Balmer emission originates in different parts of the accretion funnels with a smaller optical depth.
