- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/716/L166
- Title:
- Lithium abundances in red giants of M4
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/716/L166
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The determination of Li and proton-capture element abundances in globular cluster (GC) giants allows us to constrain several key questions on the multiple population scenarios in GCs, from formation and early evolution to pollution and dilution mechanisms. In this Letter, we present our results on Li abundances for a large sample of giants in the intermediate-metallicity GC NGC 6121 (M4), for which Na and O have been already determined by Marino et al. (2008, Cat. J/A+A/490/625). The stars analyzed are both below and above the red giant branch bump luminosity. We found that the first and second generation stars share the same Li content, suggesting that a Li production must have occurred. This provides strong observational evidence supporting the scenario in which asymptotic giant branch stars are GC polluters.
Number of results to display per page
Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/363/239
- Title:
- Lithium abundances in single giant stars
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/363/239
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- In the present work, we study the link between rotation and lithium abundance in giant stars of luminosity class III, on the basis of a large sample of 309 single stars of spectral type F, G and K. We have found a trend for a link between the discontinuity in rotation at the spectral type G0III and the behavior of lithium abundances around the same spectral type. The present work also shows that giant stars presenting the highest lithium contents, typically stars earlier than G0III, are those with the highest rotation rates, pointing for a dependence of lithium content on rotation, as observed for other luminosity classes. Giant stars later than G0III present, as a rule, the lowest rotation rates and lithium contents. A large spread of about five magnitudes in lithium abundance is observed for the slow rotators. Finally, single giant stars with masses 1.5<M/M_{sun}_<=2.5 w a clearest trend for a correlation between rotational velocity and lithium abundance.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/785/94
- Title:
- Lithium abundances of a large sample of red giants
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/785/94
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The lithium abundances for 378 G/K giants are derived with non-local thermodynamic equilibrium correction considered. Among these are 23 stars that host planetary systems. The lithium abundance is investigated, as a function of metallicity, effective temperature, and rotational velocity, as well as the impact of a giant planet on G/K giants. The results show that the lithium abundance is a function of metallicity and effective temperature. The lithium abundance has no correlation with rotational velocity at v sin i<10 km/s. Giants with planets present lower lithium abundance and slow rotational velocity (v sin i<4 km/s). Our sample includes three Li-rich G/K giants, 36 Li-normal stars, and 339 Li-depleted stars. The fraction of Li-rich stars in this sample agrees with the general rate of less than 1% in the literature, and the stars that show normal amounts of Li are supposed to possess the same abundance at the current interstellar medium. For the Li-depleted giants, Li-deficiency may have already taken place at the main sequence stage for many intermediate mass (1.5-5 M_{sun}_)G/K giants. Finally, we present the lithium abundance and kinematic parameters for an enlarged sample of 565 giants using a compilation of the literature, and confirm that the lithium abundance is a function of metallicity and effective temperature. With the enlarged sample, we investigate the differences between the lithium abundance in thin-/thick-disk giants, which indicate that the lithium abundance in thick-disk giants is more depleted than that in thin-disk giants.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/505/L13
- Title:
- Lithium in globular NGC 6397
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/505/L13
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Most globular clusters are believed to host a single stellar population. They can thus be considered a good place to study the Spite plateau and to search for possible evolutionary modifications of the Li content. We want to determine the Li content of subgiant (SG) and main sequence (MS) stars of the old, metal-poor globular cluster NGC 6397. This work was aimed not only at studying possible Li abundance variations but also to investigate the cosmological Li discrepancy.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/633/A34
- Title:
- Lithium in red giant stars
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/633/A34
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Lithium is extensively known to be a good tracer of non-standard mixing processes occurring in stellar interiors. We present the results of a new large Lithium survey in red giant stars and combine it with surveys from the literature to probe the impact of rotation-induced mixing and thermohaline double-diffusive instability along stellar evolution. We determined the surface Li abundance for a sample of 829 giant stars with accurate Gaia parallaxes for a large subsample (810 stars) complemented with accurate Hipparcos parallaxes (19 stars). The spectra of our sample of northern and southern giant stars were obtained in three ground-based observatories (Observatoire de Haute-Provence, ESO-La Silla, and the Mc Donald Observatory). We determined the atmospheric parameters (Teff, log(g) and [Fe/H]), and the Li abundance. We used Gaia parallaxes and photometry to determine the luminosity of our objects and we estimated the mass and evolution status of each sample star with a maximum-likelihood technique using stellar evolution models computed with the STAREVOL code. We compared the observed Li behaviour with predictions from stellar models, including rotation and thermohaline mixing. The same approach was used for stars from selected Li surveys from the literature. Rotation-induced mixing accounts nicely for the lithium behaviour in stars warmer than about 4200K, independently of the mass domain. For stars with masses lower than 2M_{sun}_ thermohaline mixing leads to further Li depletion below the Teff of the RGB bump (about 4000K), and on the early AGB, as observed. Depending on the definition we adopt, we find between 0.8 and 2.2% of Li-rich giants in our new sample. Gaia puts a new spin on the understanding of mixing processes in stars, and our study confirms the importance of rotation-induced processes and of thermohaline mixing. However asteroseismology is required to definitively pinpoint the actual evolution status of Li-rich giants.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/657/A33
- Title:
- Lithium in the LRGB of 5 globular clusters
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/657/A33
- Date:
- 22 Feb 2022
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Lithium is one of the few elements produced during the Big Bang Nucleosynthesis in the early universe. Moreover, its fragility makes it useful as a proxy for stellar environmental conditions. As such, the lithium abundance in old systems is at the core of different astrophysical problems. Stars in the lower red giant branch allow studying globular clusters where main sequence stars are too faint to be observed. We use these stars to analyze the initial Li content of the clusters and compare it to cosmological predictions, to measure spreads in Li between different stellar populations, and to study signs of extra depletion in these giants.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/819/135
- Title:
- Lithium-rich giants in globular clusters
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/819/135
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Although red giants deplete lithium on their surfaces, some giants are Li-rich. Intermediate-mass asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars can generate Li through the Cameron-Fowler conveyor, but the existence of Li-rich, low-mass red giant branch (RGB) stars is puzzling. Globular clusters are the best sites to examine this phenomenon because it is straightforward to determine membership in the cluster and to identify the evolutionary state of each star. In 72 hours of Keck/DEIMOS exposures in 25 clusters, we found four Li-rich RGB and two Li-rich AGB stars. There were 1696 RGB and 125 AGB stars with measurements or upper limits consistent with normal abundances of Li. Hence, the frequency of Li-richness in globular clusters is (0.2+/-0.1)% for the RGB, (1.6+/-1.1)% for the AGB, and (0.3+/-0.1)% for all giants. Because the Li-rich RGB stars are on the lower RGB, Li self-generation mechanisms proposed to occur at the luminosity function bump or He core flash cannot explain these four lower RGB stars. We propose the following origin for Li enrichment: (1) All luminous giants experience a brief phase of Li enrichment at the He core flash. (2) All post-RGB stars with binary companions on the lower RGB will engage in mass transfer. This scenario predicts that 0.1% of lower RGB stars will appear Li-rich due to mass transfer from a recently Li-enhanced companion. This frequency is at the lower end of our confidence interval.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/348/98
- Title:
- LMC AGB stars IRAS fluxes
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/348/98
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the results of a search for optically obscured asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), combining data obtained using the IRAS satellite with near-infrared photographic plate material of a 15deg^2^ region in the northern LMC. Of the 156 IRAS sources that are detected either in separate cross-scans or in more than one passband, 63 have [12-25] colors consistent with their being either stellar photospheres or circumstellar dust shells. Seventeen of these we identify with bright (I_c_<9) foreground stars in our own Galaxy, while a further 17 are associated with red supergiants in the LMC. Of the remaining stars, no more than five are likely to be optically visible AGB stars, while the rest have no obvious optical counterpart. This immediately rules out the presence of sufficient high-luminosity "cocoon" stars to explain the observed deficit of several hundred luminous (M_bol_<-6) AGB stars between the predictions of standard models of AGB evolution and the observed luminosity function. It remains possible that most of the unidentified sources are dusty AGB stars, evolving through a phase of enhanced mass loss toward becoming planetary nebulae. We infer bolometric magnitudes as low as M_bol_~-5 for these sources and suggest that this phase can be triggered at low luminosities, truncating AGB evolution and leading to the observed scarcity of asymptotic giant branch stars with bolometric magnitudes brighter than -6.0mag.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/421/2616
- Title:
- LMC eccentric ellipsoidal red giant binaries
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/421/2616
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Modelling ellipsoidal variables with known distances can lead to exact determination of the masses of both components, even in the absence of eclipses. We present such modelling using light and radial velocity curves of ellipsoidal red giant binaries in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), where they are also known as sequence E stars. Stars were selected as likely eccentric systems on the basis of light curve shape alone. We have confirmed their eccentric nature and obtained system parameters using the Wilson-Devinney code.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/399/2063
- Title:
- LMC red giants in D sequence
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/399/2063
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a study of a sample of Large Magellanic Cloud red giants exhibiting Long Secondary Periods (LSPs). We use radial velocities obtained from VLT spectral observations and MACHO and OGLE light curves to examine properties of the stars and to evaluate models for the cause of LSPs.
