- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/809/59
- Title:
- Ophiuchus stellar stream with PS1 data
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/809/59
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The Ophiuchus stream is a recently discovered stellar tidal stream in the Milky Way. We present high-quality spectroscopic data for 14 stream member stars obtained using the Keck and MMT telescopes. We confirm the stream as a fast moving (v_los_~290km/s), kinematically cold group ({sigma}_{nu}_los__<~1km/s) of {alpha}-enhanced and metal-poor stars ([{alpha}/Fe]~0.4dex, [Fe/H]~-2.0dex). Using a probabilistic technique, we model the stream simultaneously in line-of-sight velocity, color-magnitude, coordinate, and proper motion space, and so determine its distribution in 6D phase-space. We find that the stream extends in distance from 7.5 to 9kpc from the Sun; it is 50 times longer than wide, merely appearing highly foreshortened in projection. The analysis of the stellar population contained in the stream suggests that it is ~12Gyr old, and that its initial stellar mass was ~2x10^4^M_{sun}_ (or at least >~7x10^3^M_{sun}_). Assuming a fiducial Milky Way potential, we fit an orbit to the stream that matches the observed phase-space distribution, except for some tension in the proper motions: the stream has an orbital period of ~350Myr, and is on a fairly eccentric orbit (e~0.66) with a pericenter of ~3.5kpc and an apocenter of ~17kpc. The phase-space structure and stellar population of the stream show that its progenitor must have been a globular cluster that was disrupted only ~240Myr ago. We do not detect any significant overdensity of stars along the stream that would indicate the presence of a progenitor, and conclude that the stream is all that is left of the progenitor.
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Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/530/A90
- Title:
- Optically bright post-AGB population of LMC
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/530/A90
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We construct a catalogue of the optically bright post-AGB stars in the LMC. The sample forms an ideal testbed for stellar evolution theory predictions of the final phase of low- and intermediate-mass stars, because the distance and hence luminosity and also the current and initial mass of these objects is well constrained.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/335/510
- Title:
- Optical spectra of 7 hot UV bright stars in GC
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/335/510
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We have obtained medium-resolution spectra of seven UV-bright stars discovered on images of four southern globular clusters obtained with the Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (UIT). Effective temperatures, surface gravities and helium abundances are derived from LTE and non-LTE model atmosphere fits. Three of the stars have sdO spectra, including M4-Y453 (T_eff_=58800K, logg=5.15), NGC 6723-III60 (T_eff_=40600K, logg=4.46) and NGC 6752-B2004 (T_eff_=37000K, logg=5.25). All seven stars lie along either post-extended horizontal branch (EHB) or post-early AGB evolutionary tracks. The post-early AGB stars show solar helium abundances, while the post-EHB stars are helium deficient, similar to their EHB progenitors. Based on observations collected at the European Southern Observatory (ESO No 57.E-0101)
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/835/209
- Title:
- Orbital nature of 81 ellipsoidal red giant binaries
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/835/209
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- In this paper, we collect a sample of 81 ellipsoidal red giant binaries in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), and we study their orbital natures individually and statistically. The sample contains 59 systems with circular orbits and 22 systems with eccentric orbits. We derive orbital solutions using the 2010 version of the Wilson-Devinney code (Wilson & Devinney 1971ApJ...166..605W ; Wilson 1979ApJ...234.1054W, 1990ApJ...356..613W ; Wilson+ 2009, J/ApJ/702/403). The sample is selection-bias corrected, and the orbital parameter distributions are compared to model predictions for the LMC and to observations in the solar vicinity. The masses of the red giant primaries are found to range from about 0.6 to 9M_{sun}_ with a peak at around 1.5M_{sun}_, in agreement with studies of the star formation history of the LMC, which find a burst of star formation beginning around 4 Gyr ago. The observed distribution of mass ratios q=m_2_/m_1_ is more consistent with the flat q distribution derived for the solar vicinity by Raghavan+ (2010, J/ApJS/190/1) than it is with the solar vicinity q distribution derived by Duquennoy & Mayor (1991A&A...248..485D). There is no evidence for an excess number of systems with equal mass components. We find that about 20% of the ellipsoidal binaries have eccentric orbits, twice the fraction estimated by Soszynski+ (2004, J/AcA/54/347). Our eccentricity evolution test shows that the existence of eccentric ellipsoidal red giant binaries on the upper parts of the red giant branch (RGB) can only be explained if tidal circularization rates are ~1/100 the rates given by the usual theory of tidal dissipation in convective stars.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/889/L34
- Title:
- Oscillations in red giants from TESS data
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/889/L34
- Date:
- 17 Jan 2022 00:14:58
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Since the onset of the "space revolution" of high-precision high-cadence photometry, asteroseismology has been demonstrated as a powerful tool for informing Galactic archeology investigations. The launch of the NASA Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) mission has enabled seismic-based inferences to go full sky-providing a clear advantage for large ensemble studies of the different Milky Way components. Here we demonstrate its potential for investigating the Galaxy by carrying out the first asteroseismic ensemble study of red giant stars observed by TESS. We use a sample of 25 stars for which we measure their global asteroseimic observables and estimate their fundamental stellar properties, such as radius, mass, and age. Significant improvements are seen in the uncertainties of our estimates when combining seismic observables from TESS with astrometric measurements from the Gaia mission compared to when the seismology and astrometry are applied separately. Specifically, when combined we show that stellar radii can be determined to a precision of a few percent, masses to 5%-10%, and ages to the 20% level. This is comparable to the precision typically obtained using end-of-mission Kepler data.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/540/A143
- Title:
- Oscillations of red giants observed by Kepler
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/540/A143
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- There are now more than 22 months of long-cadence data available for thousands of red giants observed with the Kepler space mission. Consequently, we are able to clearly resolve fine details in their oscillation spectra and see many components of the mixed modes that probe the stellar core. We report for the first time a parametric fit to the pattern of the l=1 mixed modes in red giants, which is a powerful tool to identify gravity-dominated mixed modes. With these modes, which share the characteristics of pressure and gravity modes, we are able to probe directly the helium core and the surrounding shell where hydrogen is burning.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/641/A57
- Title:
- Oxygen-rich AGB IRAM spectra
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/641/A57
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We aim to determine the abundances of SiO, CS, SiS, SO, and SO_2_ in a large sample of oxygen-rich asymptotic giant branch (AGB) envelopes covering a wide range of mass loss rates to investigate the potential role that these molecules could play in the formation of dust in these environments. We surveyed a sample of 30 oxygen-rich AGB stars in the {lambda} 2mm band using the IRAM 30m telescope. We performed excitation and radiative transfer calculations based on the large velocity gradient (LVG) method to model the observed lines of the molecules and to derive their fractional abundances in the observed envelopes. We detected SiO in all 30 targeted envelopes, as well as CS, SiS, SO, and SO 2 in 18, 13, 26, and 19 sources, respectively. Remarkably, SiS is not detected in any envelope with a mass loss rate below 10^-6^M_{sun}_/yr, whereas it is detected in all envelopes with mass loss rates above that threshold. From a comparison with a previous, similar study on C-rich sources, it becomes evident that the fractional abundances of CS and SiS show a marked differentiation between C-rich and O-rich sources, being two orders of magnitude and one order of magnitude more abundant in C-rich sources, respectively, while the fractional abundance of SiO turns out to be insensitive to the C/O ratio. The abundance of SiO in O-rich envelopes behaves similarly to C-rich sources, that is, the denser the envelope the lower its abundance. A similar trend, albeit less clear than for SiO, is observed for SO in O-rich sources. The marked dependence of CS and SiS abundances on the C/O ratio indicates that these two molecules form more efficiently in C- than O-rich envelopes. The decline in the abundance of SiO with increasing envelope density and the tentative one for SO indicate that SiO and possibly SO act as gas-phase precursors of dust in circumstellar envelopes around O-rich AGB stars.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/612/A48
- Title:
- 4 oxygen-rich evolved stars NH3 spectra
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/612/A48
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The circumstellar ammonia (NH_3_) chemistry in evolved stars is poorly understood. Previous observations and modelling showed that NH_3_ abundance in oxygen-rich stars is several orders of magnitude above that predicted by equilibrium chemistry. We would like to characterise the spatial distribution and excitation of NH_3_ in the oxygen-rich circumstellar envelopes (CSEs) of four diverse targets: IK Tau, VY CMa, OH 231.8+4.2, and IRC +10420. We observed NH_3_ emission from the ground state in the inversion transitions near 1.3cm with the Very Large Array (VLA) and submillimetre rotational transitions with the Heterodyne Instrument for the Far-Infrared (HIFI) aboard Herschel Space Observatory from all four targets. For IK Tau and VY CMa, we observed NH_3_ rovibrational absorption lines in 2 band near 10.5um with the Texas Echelon Cross Echelle Spectrograph (TEXES) at the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF).We also attempted to search for the rotational transition within the excited vibrational state (v_2_=1) near 2mm with the IRAM 30m Telescope. Non-LTE radiative transfer modelling, including radiative pumping to the vibrational state, was carried out to derive the radial distribution of NH_3_ in the CSEs of these targets. We detected NH_3_ inversion and rotational emission in all four targets. IK Tau and VY CMa show blueshifted absorption in the rovibrational spectra. We did not detect vibrationally excited rotational transition from IK Tau. Spatially resolved VLA images of IK Tau and IRC +10420 show clumpy emission structures; unresolved images of VY CMa and OH 231.8+4.2 indicate that the spatial-kinematic distribution of NH_3_ is similar to that of assorted molecules, such as SO and SO2, that exhibit localised and clumpy emission. Our modelling shows that the NH_3_ abundance relative to molecular hydrogen is generally of the order of 10^-7^, which is a few times lower than previous estimates that were made without considering radiative pumping and is at least ten times higher than that in the carbon-rich CSE of IRC +10216. NH_3_ in OH 231.8+4.2 and IRC +10420 is found to emit in gas denser than the ambient medium. Incidentally, we also derived a new period of IK Tau from its V-band light curve. NH_3_ is again detected in very high abundance in evolved stars, especially the oxygen-rich ones. Its emission mainly arises from localised spatial-kinematic structures that are probably denser than the ambient gas. Circumstellar shocks in the accelerated wind may contribute to the production of NH_3_. Future mid-infrared spectroscopy and radio imaging studies are necessary to constrain the radii and physical conditions of the formation regions of NH_3_.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/613/A40
- Title:
- PACS photometry of FIR faint stars
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/613/A40
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Our aims are to determine flux densities and their photometric accuracy for a set of seventeen stars that range in flux from intermediately bright (<~2.5Jy) to faint (>~5mJy) in the far-infrared (FIR). We also aim to derive signal-to-noise dependence with flux and time, and compare the results with predictions from the Herschel exposure-time calculation tool. We obtain aperture photometry from Herschel-PACS high-pass-filtered scan maps and chop/nod observations of the faint stars. The issues of detection limits and sky confusion noise are addressed by comparison of the field-of-view at different wavelengths, by multi-aperture photometry, by special processing of the maps to preserve extended emission, and with the help of large-scale absolute sky brightness maps from AKARI. This photometry is compared with flux-density predictions based on photospheric models for these stars. We obtain a robust noise estimate by fitting the flux distribution per map pixel histogram for the area around the stars, scaling it for the applied aperture size and correcting for noise correlation.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/743/184
- Title:
- Pan-Pacific Planet Search (PPPS) I. 7 CMa
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/743/184
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We introduce the Pan-Pacific Planet Search, a survey of 170 metal-rich Southern Hemisphere subgiants using the 3.9m Anglo-Australian Telescope. We report the first discovery from this program, a giant planet orbiting 7 CMa (HD 47205) with a period of 763+/-17 days, eccentricity e=0.14+/-0.06, and msin i=2.6+/-0.6M_Jup_. The host star is a K giant with a mass of 1.5+/-0.3M_{sun}_ and metallicity [Fe/H]=0.21+/-0.10. The mass and period of 7 CMa b are typical of planets which have been found to orbit intermediate-mass stars (M_*_>1.3M_{sun}_). Hipparcos photometry shows this star to be stable to 0.0004 mag on the radial-velocity period, giving confidence that this signal can be attributed to reflex motion caused by an orbiting planet.
