- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/590/A9
- Title:
- RGB stars in Galactic GC stellar parameters
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/590/A9
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Globular clusters trace the formation and evolution of the Milky Way and surrounding galaxies, and outline their chemical enrichment history. To accomplish these tasks it is important to have large samples of clusters with homogeneous data and analysis to derive kinematics, chemical abundances, ages and locations. We aim to obtain homogeneous metallicities and alpha-element enhancement for 51 Galactic bulge, disc, and halo globular clusters that are among the most distant and/or highly reddened in the Galaxy's globular cluster system. We also provide membership selection based on stellar radial velocities and atmospheric parameters. The implications of our results are discussed. We observed R~2000 spectra in the wavelength interval 456-586nm for over 800 red giant stars in 51 Galactic globular clusters. We applied full spectrum fitting with the code ETOILE together with libraries of observed and synthetic spectra. We compared the mean abundances of all clusters with previous work and with field stars. We used the relation between mean metallicity and horizontal branch morphology defined by all clusters to select outliers for discussion. [Fe/H], [Mg/Fe], and [alpha/Fe] were derived in a consistent way for almost one-third of all Galactic globular clusters. We find our metallicities are comparable to those derived from high-resolution data to within sigma=0.08dex over the interval -2.5<[Fe/H]<0.0. Further, a comparison of previous metallicity scales with ours yields sigma<0.16dex. We also find that the distribution of [Mg/Fe] and [alpha/Fe] with [Fe/H] for the 51 clusters follows the general trend exhibited by field stars. It is the first time that the following clusters are included in a large sample of homogeneous stellar spectroscopic observations and metallicity derivation: BH 176, Djorg 2, Pal 10, NGC 6426, Lynga 7, and Terzan 8. In particular, the first three clusters only had photometric metallicities previously and the available metallicity for NGC 6426 was based only on integrated spectroscopy and photometry. Two other clusters, HP 1 and NGC 6558, are confirmed as candidates for the oldest globular clusters in the Milky Way. Stellar spectroscopy in the visible at R~2000 for a large sample of globular clusters is a robust and efficient way to trace the chemical evolution of the host galaxy and to detect interesting objects for follow-up at higher-resolution and with forthcoming giant telescopes. The technique used here can also be applied to globular cluster systems in nearby galaxies with current instruments and to distant galaxies with the advent of ELTs.
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Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/139/878
- Title:
- RGB stars in 8 LMC clusters
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/139/878
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- In this paper, we discuss the properties of color-magnitude diagrams, age, metallicity, and radial velocities of eight massive Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) clusters using data taken from the FORS2 multiobject spectrograph at the 8.2m Very Large Telescope/Unit Telescope 1. The strong near-infrared CaII triplet lines of red giant branch stars obtained from the high signal-to-noise ratio spectra are used to determine the metallicity and radial velocity of cluster members.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/142/61
- Title:
- RGB stars in LMC outer disk
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/142/61
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The outer disk of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) is studied in order to unveil clues about its formation and evolution. Complementing our previous studies in innermost fields (3kpc<~R<~7kpc), we obtained deep color-magnitude diagrams in six fields with galactocentric distances from 5.2kpc to 9.2kpc and different azimuths. The comparison with isochrones shows that while the oldest population is approximately coeval in all fields, the age of the youngest populations increases with increasing radius. This agrees with the results obtained in the innermost fields. Low-resolution spectroscopy in the infrared CaII triplet region has been obtained for about 150 stars near the tip of the red giant branch in the same fields. Radial velocities and stellar metallicities have been obtained from these spectra. The metallicity distribution of each field has been analyzed together with those previously studied.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/456/4315
- Title:
- RGB stars in NGC 6822, Ca II triplet
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/456/4315
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a detailed analysis of the chemistry and kinematics of red giants in the dwarf irregular galaxy NGC 6822. Spectroscopy at ~8500{AA} was acquired for 72 red giant stars across two fields using FORS2 at the VLT. Line-of-sight extinction was individually estimated for each target star to accommodate the variable reddening across NGC 6822. The mean radial velocity was found to be <v_rad_>=-52.8+/-2.2km/s with dispersion {sigma}_v_=24.1km/s, in agreement with other studies. Ca ii triplet equivalent widths were converted into [Fe/H] metallicities using a V magnitude proxy for surface gravity. The average metallicity was <[Fe/H]>=-0.84+/-0.04 with dispersion {sigma}=0.31dex and interquartile range 0.48. Our assignment of individual reddening values makes our analysis more sensitive to spatial variations in metallicity than previous studies. We divide our sample into metal-rich and metal-poor stars; the former were found to cluster towards small radii with the metal-poor stars more evenly distributed across the galaxy. The velocity dispersion of the metal-poor stars was found to be higher than that of the metal-rich stars {sigma}_vMP_=27.4km/s; {sigma}_vMR_=21.1km/s); combined with the age-metallicity relation this indicates that the older populations have either been dynamically heated during their lifetimes or were born in a less disc-like distribution than the younger stars.. The low ratio v_rot_/{sigma}_v_ suggests that within the inner 10-arcmin, NGC 6822's stars are dynamically decoupled from the HI gas, and possibly distributed in a thick disc or spheroid structure.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/464/201
- Title:
- RGB stars in Sagittarius streams
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/464/201
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The Sagittarius (Sgr) dwarf spheroidal galaxy is currently being disrupted under the strain of the Milky Way. A reliable reconstruction of Sgr star formation history can only be obtained by combining core and stream information. We present radial velocities for 67 stars belonging to the Sgr Stream. For 12 stars in the sample we also present iron (Fe) and {alpha}-element (Mg, Ca) abundances.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/135/209
- Title:
- Rotational and radial velocities 761 HIP giants
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/135/209
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present rotational and radial velocities for a sample of 761 giants selected from the Hipparcos Catalogue to lie within 100pc of the Sun. Our original goal was to examine stellar rotation in field giants using spectroscopic line broadening to look for evidence of excess rotation that could be attributed to planets that were engulfed as the parent stars expanded.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/147/138
- Title:
- Rotational and radial velocities of red giants
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/147/138
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- This study presents the rotational distribution of red giant (RG) stars in 11 old to intermediate age open clusters. The masses of these stars are all above the Kraft break, so they lose negligible amounts of their birth angular momentum (AM) during the main-sequence (MS) evolution. However, they do span a mass range with quite different AM distributions imparted during formation, with the stars less massive than ~1.6M_{sun}_ arriving on the MS with lower rotation rates than the more massive stars. The majority of RGs in this study are slow rotators across the entire red giant branch regardless of mass, supporting the picture that intermediate-mass stars rapidly spin down when they evolve off the MS and develop convection zones capable of driving a magnetic dynamo. Nevertheless, a small fraction of RGs in open clusters show some level of enhanced rotation, and faster rotators are as common in these clusters as in the field RG population. Most of these enhanced rotators appear to be red clump stars, which is also true of the underlying stellar sample, while others are clearly RGs that are above or below the clump. In addition to rotational velocities, the radial velocities (RVs) and membership probabilities of individual stars are also presented. Cluster heliocentric RVs for NGC 6005 and Pismis 18 are reported for the first time.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/757/109
- Title:
- Rotational velocities + Li abundance in K giants
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/757/109
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The orbital angular momentum of a close-orbiting giant planet can be sufficiently large that, if transferred to the envelope of the host star during the red giant branch (RGB) evolution, it can spin-up the star's rotation to unusually large speeds. This spin-up mechanism is one possible explanation for the rapid rotators detected among the population of generally slow-rotating red giant stars. These rapid rotators thus comprise a unique stellar sample suitable for searching for signatures of planet accretion in the form of unusual stellar abundances due to the dissemination of the accreted planet in the stellar envelope. In this study, we look for signatures of replenishment in the Li abundances and (to a lesser extent) ^12^C/^13^C, which are both normally lowered during RGB evolution. Accurate abundances were measured from high signal-to-noise echelle spectra for samples of both slow and rapid rotator red giant stars. We find that the rapid rotators are on average enriched in lithium compared to the slow rotators, but both groups of stars have identical distributions of ^12^C/^13^C within our measurement precision. Both of these abundance results are consistent with the accretion of planets of only a few Jupiter masses. We also explore alternative scenarios for understanding the most Li-rich stars in our sample--particularly Li regeneration during various stages of stellar evolution. Finally, we find that our stellar samples show non-standard abundances even at early RGB stages, suggesting that initial protostellar Li abundances and ^12^C/^13^C may be more variable than originally thought.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/807/82
- Title:
- Rotational velocities of APOKASC red giants
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/807/82
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We investigate the occurrence rate of rapidly rotating (vsini>10km/s), low-mass giant stars in the Apache Point Observatory Galaxy Evolution Experiment-Kepler (APOKASC) fields with asteroseismic mass and surface gravity measurements. Such stars are likely merger products and their frequency places interesting constraints on stellar population models. We also identify anomalous rotators, i.e., stars with 5km/s<vsini<10km/s that are rotating significantly faster than both angular momentum evolution predictions and the measured rates of similar stars. Our data set contains fewer rapid rotators than one would expect given measurements of the Galactic field star population, which likely indicates that asteroseismic detections are less common in rapidly rotating red giants. The number of low-mass moderate (5-10km/s) rotators in our sample gives a lower limit of 7% for the rate at which low-mass stars interact on the upper red giant branch because single stars in this mass range are expected to rotate slowly. Finally, we classify the likely origin of the rapid or anomalous rotation where possible. KIC 10293335 is identified as a merger product and KIC 6501237 is a possible binary system of two oscillating red giants.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/732/39
- Title:
- Rotational velocities of K giant stars
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/732/39
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the results of a search for unusually rapidly rotating giant stars in a large sample of K giants (~1300 stars) that had been spectroscopically monitored as potential targets for the Space Interferometry Mission's Astrometric Grid. The stars in this catalog are much fainter and typically more metal-poor than those of other catalogs of red giant star rotational velocities, but the spectra generally only have signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of ~20-60, making the measurement of the widths of individual lines difficult. To compensate for this, we have developed a cross-correlation method to derive rotational velocities in moderate S/N echelle spectra to efficiently probe this sample for rapid rotator candidates. We have discovered 28 new red giant rapid rotators as well as one extreme rapid rotator with a vsin i of 86.4km/s. Rapid rotators comprise 2.2% of our sample, which is consistent with other surveys of brighter, more metal-rich K giant stars. Although we find that the temperature distribution of rapid rotators is similar to that of the slow rotators, this may not be the case with the distributions of surface gravity and metallicity. The rapid rotators show a slight overabundance of low-gravity stars and as a group are significantly more metal-poor than the slow rotators, which may indicate that the rotators are tidally locked binaries.
