We present the properties of 11um selected sources detected in the early data of the North Ecliptic Pole Deep (NEP-Deep) Survey of AKARI. The data set covers 6 wavelength bands from 2.5 to 11um, with exposure times of 10-20 minutes. This field lies within the CFHT survey with four filter bands (g', r', i', z'), enabling us to establish nearly continuous spectral energy distributions (SEDs) for wavelengths ranging from 0.4 to 11um. The main sample studied here consists of 72 sources whose 11um AB magnitudes are equal to or brighter than 18.5 (144uJy), which is complete to more than 90%. The 11um band has an advantage of sampling star-forming galaxies with low-to-medium redshifts, since the prominent PAH feature shifts into this band. As expected, we find that the majority (71%) of 11um bright sources are star-forming galaxies at 0.2~<z~<0.7 with L_IR_~10^10^-10^12^~L_{sun}_ based on detailed modelling of the SEDs. We also find four AGNs lying at various redshifts in the main sample. In addition, we discuss a few sources that have non-typical SEDs of the main sample, including a brown-dwarf candidate, a steep power-law source, a flat-spectrum object, and an early-type galaxy at moderate redshift.
We present a five-band (u* g' r' i' z') optical photometry catalog of the sources in the North Ecliptic Pole (NEP) region based on deep observations made with MegaCam at CFHT. The source catalog covers about 2 square degree area centered at the NEP and reaches depths of about 26mag for u*, g', r' bands, about 25mag for i' band, and about 24mag for z' band (4{sigma} detection over a 1" aperture). The total number of cataloged sources brighter than r'=23mag is about 56000 including both point sources and extended sources. From the investigation of photometric properties using the color- magnitude diagrams and color-color diagrams, we have found that the colors of extended sources are mostly (u*-r')<3.0 and (g'-z')>0.5. This can be used to separate the extended sources from the point sources reliably, even for the faint source domain where typical morphological classification schemes hardly work efficiently. We have derived an empirical color-redshift relation of the red sequence galaxies using the Sloan Digital Sky Survey data. By applying this relation to our photometry catalog and searching for any spatial overdensities, we have found two galaxy clusters and one nearby galaxy group.
We have classified 409 objects in the Northern Sky Variability Survey (NSVS) as new beta Lyrae or Algol-type eclipsing binaries. These candidates have outside of eclipse magnitudes of ~10-13. Through automated Fourier analysis routines and some manual inspection, we list the period, eclipse depths, coordinates, an estimate of the time of primary eclipse, and the 2MASS colors for these candidates. This list of new beta Lyrae type candidates greatly increases the number of known systems of this type. We have also identified 37 candidate low-mass, main-sequence pairs (M_1,2_<1M_{sun}_,T<5500K) in the NSVS database. If confirmed, these systems will greatly increase the number of such low-mass systems known as well as help constrain atmospheric models for these types of stars.
We present Adaptive Optics-aided speckle observations of 47 young stars in the {epsilon} Cha association made at the 4 m Southern Astrophysical Research Telescope in the I-band. We resolved 10 new binary pairs, 5 previously known binaries, and 2 triple systems, also previously known. In the separation range between 4 and 300 au, the 30 association members of spectral types G0 and later host 6 binary companions, leading to the raw companion frequency of 0.010+/-0.04 per decade of separation, comparable to the main sequence dwarfs in the field. On the other hand, all five massive association members of spectral types A and B have companions in this range. We discuss the newly resolved and known binaries in our sample. Observed motions in the triple system {epsilon} Cha, composed of three similar B9V stars, can be described by tentative orbits with periods 13 and ~900 years and a large mutual inclination.
We present a census of the disc population for UKIDSS selected brown dwarfs in the 5-10Myr old Upper Scorpius OB association. For 116 objects originally identified in UKIDSS, the majority of them not studied in previous publications, we obtain photometry from the Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer data base. The resulting colour-magnitude and colour-colour plots clearly show two separate populations of objects, interpreted as brown dwarfs with discs (class II) and without discs (class III). We identify 27 class II brown dwarfs, 14 of them not previously known. This disc fraction (27 out of 116, or 23%) among brown dwarfs was found to be similar to results for K/M stars in Upper Scorpius, suggesting that the lifetimes of discs are independent of the mass of the central object for low-mass stars and brown dwarfs. 5 out of 27 discs (19%) lack excess at 3.4 and 4.6{mu}m and are potential transition discs (i.e. are in transition from class II to class III). The transition disc fraction is comparable to low-mass stars. We estimate that the time-scale for a typical transition from class II to class III is less than 0.4Myr for brown dwarfs. These results suggest that the evolution of brown dwarf discs mirrors the behaviour of discs around low-mass stars, with disc lifetimes of the order of 5-10Myr and a disc clearing time-scale significantly shorter than 1Myr.
We present a study of 15 new brown dwarfs belonging to the ~7Myr old 25 Orionis group and Orion OB1a subassociation with spectral types between M6 and M9 and estimated masses between ~0.07 and ~0.01M_{sun}_. By comparing them through a Bayesian method with low-mass stars (0.8<~M/M_{sun}_ <~0.1) from previous works in the 25 Orionis group, we found statistically significant differences in the number fraction of classical T Tauri stars, Weak T Tauri stars, class II, evolved discs and purely photospheric emitters at both sides of the substellar mass limit. Particularly, we found a fraction of 3.9^+2.4^_-1.6_ percent low-mass stars classified as Classic T Tauri star and class II or evolved discs, against a fraction of 33.3^+10.8^_-9.8_ percent in the substellar mass domain. Our results support the suggested scenario in which the dissipation of discs is less efficient for decreasing mass of the central object.
This paper presents the results of a search for brown dwarfs in the Upper Scorpius Association using data from the UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey (UKIDSS) Galactic Cluster Survey. Candidate young brown dwarfs were first chosen by their position in colour magnitude diagrams with further selection based on proper motions to ensure Upper Scorpius membership. Proper motions were derived by comparing UKIDSS and Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) data. Using that method we identify 19 new brown dwarfs in the southern part of the association. In addition there are up to eight likely members with slightly higher dispersion velocity. The ratio of brown dwarfs to stars was found to be consistent with other areas in Upper Scorpius. It was also found to be similar to other results from young clusters with OB associations, and lower than those without, suggesting the brown dwarf formation rate may be a function of environment.
We have used new wide-field imaging with the Magellan IMACS camera to search for globular cluster (GC) candidates around NGC 5128, the nearest giant E galaxy. The imaging data are in the B and R broadband filters and cover a 1.55 deg^2^ field centered on the galaxy, corresponding to an area about 90*90kpc^2^ at the distance of NGC 5128. All the fields were taken under exceptionally high-quality seeing conditions (FWHM=0.4-0.5" in R). Using this material we are able, for the first time in the literature, to construct a homogeneous list of GC candidates covering a wide span of the NGC 5128 halo and unusually free of field contaminants (foreground stars and faint background galaxies). Selecting the measured objects by color, magnitude, ellipticity, and profile size gives us a final catalog of 833 new high-quality GC candidates brighter than R=21 (0.8mag fainter than the standard GC luminosity function turnover point). The measured positions have better than 0.2" precision in both coordinates.
Carbon stars are excellent kinematic tracers of galaxies and can serve as a viable standard candle, so it is worthwhile to automatically search for them in a large amount of spectra. In this paper, we apply the efficient manifold ranking algorithm to search for carbon stars from the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) pilot survey, whose performance and robustness are verified comprehensively with four test experiments. Using this algorithm, we find a total of 183 carbon stars, and 158 of them are new findings. According to different spectral features, our carbon stars are classified as 58 C-H stars, 11 C-H star candidates, 56 C-R stars, ten C-R star candidates, 30 C-N stars, three C-N star candidates, and four C-J stars. There are also ten objects which have no spectral type because of low spectral quality, and a composite spectrum consisting of a white dwarf and a carbon star. Applying the support vector machine algorithm, we obtain the linear optimum classification plane in the J-H versus H-Ks color diagram which can be used to distinguish C-H from C-N stars with their J-H and H-Ks colors. In addition, we identify 18 dwarf carbon stars with their relatively high proper motions, and find three carbon stars with FUV detections likely have optical invisible companions by cross matching with data from the Galaxy Evolution Explorer. In the end, we detect four variable carbon stars with the Northern Sky Variability Survey, the Catalina Sky Survey and the LINEAR variability databases. According to their periods and amplitudes derived by fitting light curves with a sinusoidal function, three of them are likely semiregular variable stars and one is likely a Mira variable star.
New catalog of APOGEE radial velocity standard stars
Short Name:
J/AJ/156/90
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
We present a new catalog of 18080 radial velocity (RV) standard stars selected from the APOGEE data. These RV standard stars are observed at least three times and have a median stability (3{sigma}_RV_) around 240 m/s over a time baseline longer than 200 days. They are largely distributed in the northern sky and could be extended to the southern sky by the future APOGEE-2 survey. Most of the stars are red giants (J-K_s_>=0.5) owing to the APOGEE target selection criteria. Only about 10 per cent of them are main-sequence stars. The H-band magnitude range of the stars is 7-12.5 mag with the faint limit much fainter than the magnitudes of previous RV standard stars. As an application, we show the new set of standard stars to determine the RV zero points of the RAVE, the LAMOST, and the Gaia-RVS Galactic spectroscopic surveys.
