- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/other/RMxAA/45.261
- Title:
- Diffuse ionized gas database DIGEDA
- Short Name:
- J/other/RMxAA/45
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Studies of the Diffuse Ionized Gas (DIG) have progressed without providing so far any strict criterion to distinguish DIGs from HII regions. In this work, we compile the emission line measurements of 29 galaxies that are available in the scientific literature, thereby setting up the first DIG database DIGEDA. Making use of this database, we proceeded to analyze global properties of the DIG using the [NII]6583/Halpha, [OI]6300/Halpha, [OIII]5007/Hbeta and [SII]6716/Halpha lines ratios, including the Halpha emission measure. This analysis leads us to conclude that the [NII]/Halpha ratio provides an objective criterion for distinguishing whether an emission region is DIG or an HII region, while the EM(Halpha) is a useful quantity only when the galaxies are considered individually. Finally, we find that the emission regions of Irr galaxies classified as DIG in the literature appear in fact to be much more similar to HII regions than to the DIGs of spiral galaxies.
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Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/611/A95
- Title:
- Diffuse ionized gas in the Antennae galaxy
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/611/A95
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The Antennae galaxy (NGC 4038/39) is the closest major interacting galaxy system and is therefore often studied as a merger prototype. We present the first comprehensive integral field spectroscopic dataset of this system, observed with the MUSE instrument at the ESO VLT. We cover the two regions in this system which exhibit recent star formation: the central galaxy interaction and a region near the tip of the southern tidal tail. In these fields, we detect HII regions and diffuse ionized gas to unprecedented depth. About 15% of the ionized gas was undetected by previous observing campaigns. This newly detected faint ionized gas is visible everywhere around the central merger, and shows filamentary structure. We estimate diffuse gas fractions of about 60% in the central field and 10% in the southern region. We are able to show that the southern region contains a significantly different population of HII regions, showing fainter luminosities. By comparing HII region luminosities with the HST catalog of young star clusters in the central field, we estimate that there is enough Lyman-continuum leakage in the merger to explain the amount of diffuse ionized gas that we detect. We compare the Lyman-continuum escape fraction of each HII region against emission line ratios that are sensitive to the ionization parameter. While we find no systematic trend between these properties, the most extreme line ratios seem to be strong indicators of density bounded ionization. Extrapolating the Lyman-continuum escape fractions to the southern region, we conclude that simply from the comparison of the young stellar populations to the ionized gas there is no need to invoke other ionization mechanisms than Lyman-continuum leaking HII regions for the diffuse ionized gas in the Antennae.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/202/14
- Title:
- Diffuse OVII and OVIII emission from XMM
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/202/14
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present an all-sky catalog of diffuse OVII and OVIII line intensities, extracted from archival XMM-Newton observations. This catalog supersedes our previous catalog (Henley et al., 2010, Cat. J/ApJS/187/388), which covered the sky between l=120{deg} and l=240{deg}. We attempted to reduce the contamination from near-Earth solar wind charge exchange (SWCX) emission by excluding times of high solar wind proton flux from the data. Without this filtering, we were able to extract measurements from 1868 observations. With this filtering, nearly half of the observations became unusable, and only 1003 observations yielded measurements. The OVII and OVIII intensities are typically ~2-11 and <~3 photons/cm^2^/s/sr (line unit, L.U.), respectively, although much brighter intensities were also recorded. Our data set includes 217 directions that have been observed multiple times by XMM-Newton. The time variation of the intensities from such directions may be used to constrain SWCX models.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/155/81
- Title:
- Diffuse X-ray-emitting gas in major mergers
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/155/81
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Using archived data from the Chandra X-ray telescope, we have extracted the diffuse X-ray emission from 49 equal-mass interacting/merging galaxy pairs in a merger sequence, from widely separated pairs to merger remnants. After the removal of contributions from unresolved point sources, we compared the diffuse thermal X-ray luminosity from hot gas (L_X_(gas)) with the global star formation rate (SFR). After correction for absorption within the target galaxy, we do not see a strong trend of L_X_(gas)/SFR with the SFR or merger stage for galaxies with SFR>1 M_{sun}_/yr. For these galaxies, the median L_X_(gas)/SFR is 5.5x10^39^ ((erg/s)/M_{sun}_/yr), similar to that of normal spiral galaxies. These results suggest that stellar feedback in star-forming galaxies reaches an approximately steady-state condition, in which a relatively constant fraction of about 2% of the total energy output from supernovae and stellar winds is converted into X-ray flux. Three late-stage merger remnants with low SFRs and high K-band luminosities (L_K_) have enhanced L_X_(gas)/SFR; their UV/IR/optical colors suggest that they are post-starburst galaxies, perhaps in the process of becoming ellipticals. Systems with L_K_<10^10^ L_{sun}_ have lower L_X_(gas)/SFR ratios than the other galaxies in our sample, perhaps due to lower gravitational fields or lower metallicities. We see no relation between L_X_(gas)/SFR and Seyfert activity in this sample, suggesting that feedback from active galactic nuclei is not a major contributor to the hot gas in our sample galaxies.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/734/98
- Title:
- DISCS. II. Southern sky disk data
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/734/98
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- This is the second in a series of papers based on data from DISCS, a Submillimeter Array observing program aimed at spatially and spectrally resolving the chemical composition of 12 protoplanetary disks. We present data on six Southern sky sources -IM Lup, SAO 206462 (HD 135344b), HD 142527, AS 209, AS 205, and V4046 Sgr- which complement the six sources in the Taurus star-forming region reported previously. CO 2-1 and HCO^+^ 3-2 emission are detected and resolved in all disks and show velocity patterns consistent with Keplerian rotation. Where detected, the emission from DCO^+^ 3-2, N_2_H^+^ 3-2, H_2_CO 3_0 3_-2_0 2_ and 4_1 4_-3_1 3_, HCN 3-2, and CN 2_3 3/4/2_-1_2 2/3/1_ are also generally spatially resolved. The detection rates are highest toward the M and K stars, while the F star SAO 206462 has only weak CN and HCN emission, and H2CO alone is detected toward HD 142527.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/94/127
- Title:
- Distribution of H I in the ISM. I.
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/94/127
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We compile, from the existing literature, the largest sample to date (842 data points) of hydrogen column density measurements, N(HI), of the gas in the interstellar medium. We include only results obtained from absorption measurements toward individual stars (594 in our sample) in an effort to construct a three-dimensional picture of the interstellar gas. We derive hydrogen column densities toward a fraction of the stars in the sample from published column density measurements of metal ions. A three-dimensional physical model derived from this data set will be presented in a companion paper. The observed stars span distances from a few parsecs to a few thousand parsecs, and more than half of the sample serves to describe the local interstellar medium within a few hundred parsecs of the Sun. Hydrogen column densities range from 10^17^ to 10^22^cm^-2^. We describe here the various observational methods used to estimate the hydrogen column densities and present the table with the stellar and hydrogen column density data. The provided table is intended as a global reference work, not to introduce new results.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/619/A106
- Title:
- 3D shape of Orion A from Gaia DR2
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/619/A106
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We use the Gaia DR2 distances of about 700 mid-infrared selected young stellar objects in the benchmark giant molecular cloud Orion A to infer its 3D shape and orientation. We find that Orion A is not the fairly straight filamentary cloud that we see in (2D) projection, but instead a cometary-like cloud oriented toward the Galactic plane, with two distinct components: a denser and enhanced star-forming (bent) Head, and a lower density and star-formation quieter ~75pc long Tail. The true extent of Orion A is not the projected ~40pc but ~90pc, making it by far the largest molecular cloud in the local neighborhood. Its aspect ratio (~30:1) and high column-density fraction (~45%) make it similar to large-scale Milky Way filaments ("bones"), despite its distance to the galactic mid-plane being an order of magnitude larger than typically found for these structures.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/191/160
- Title:
- 3D spectroscopy in 30 Dor
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/191/160
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We have completed a new optical imaging and spectrophotometric survey of a 140x80pc^2^ region of 30 Doradus centered on R136, covering key optical diagnostic emission lines including H{alpha}, H{beta}, H{gamma}, [OIII]4363, 4959, 5007, [NII]6548, 6584, [SII]6717, 6731 [SIII]6312, and in some locations [SIII]9069. We present maps of fluxes and intensity ratios for these lines, and catalogs of isolated ionizing stars, elephant-trunk pillars, and edge-on ionization fronts. The final science-quality spectroscopic data products are available to the public. Our analysis of the new data finds that, while stellar winds and supernovae undoubtedly produce shocks and are responsible for shaping the nebula, there are no global spectral signatures to indicate that shocks are currently an important source of ionization. We conclude that the considerable region covered by our survey is well described by photoionization from the central cluster where the ionizing continuum is dominated by the most massive O stars. We show that if 30 Dor were viewed at a cosmological distance, its integrated light would be dominated by its extensive regions of lower surface brightness rather than by the bright, eye-catching arcs.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/452/1412
- Title:
- Dust and SSP-stellar parameters of M82
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/452/1412
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We use near ultraviolet and optical photometry to investigate the dust properties in the nearby starburst galaxy M82. By combining imaging from the Swift/UVOT instrument and optical data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, we derive the extinction curve parametrized by the standard R_V_ factor, and the strength of the NUV 2175 {AA} feature - quantified by a parameter B - out to projected galactocentric distances of 4 kpc. Our analysis is robust against possible degeneracies from the properties of the underlying stellar populations. Both B and R_V_ correlate with galactocentric distance, revealing a systematic trend of the dust properties. Our results confirm previous findings that dust in M82 is better fitted by a Milky Way standard extinction curve, in contrast to a Calzetti law. We find a strong correlation between R_V_ and B, towards a stronger NUV bump in regions with higher R_V_, possibly reflecting a distribution with larger dust grain sizes. The data we use were taken before SN2014J, and therefore can be used to probe the properties of the interstellar medium before the event. Our R_V_ values around the position of the supernova are significantly higher than recent measurements post-SN2014J (R_V_~1.4). This result is consistent with a significant change in the dust properties after the supernova event, either from disruption of large grains or from the contribution by an intrinsic circumstellar component. Intrinsic variations among supernovae not accounted for could also give rise to this mismatch.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/138/1380
- Title:
- Dust clumps in the Galactic Plane
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/138/1380
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present imaging observations of continuum emission from interstellar dust at 850 and 1200um of a section of the Galactic Plane covering 2deg^2^ centered at l=44{deg}. Complementary jiggle-mapping and fast-scanning techniques were used, respectively, at these two wavelengths. The mapped area includes the well-known star formation regions W49 and G45.1/45.5. Using an automated clump-finding routine, we identify 132 compact 850um emission features within the region above a completeness level of about 200mJy/beam. The positions of the latter objects were used to determine fluxes from the 1200um image. Spectral line data were subsequently obtained with the same observing beamwidth as at 850um for almost half of the objects; these were either imaged in the ^13^CO (3-2) line, or basic characteristics determined using the ^12^CO (3-2) transition. We use these data, supplemented by existing ^13^CO (1-0) and HI survey data, to determine distances and hence derive masses for the dust clump ensemble, assuming a uniform dust temperature of 15K. From these data we find that the number-mass relationship for clumps in the field is similar to that found for individual star-forming regions.
