- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/208/14
- Title:
- BGPS. IX. Data release 2.
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/208/14
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a re-reduction and expansion of the Bolocam Galactic Plane Survey (BGPS), first presented by Aguirre+ (2011ApJS..192....4A) and Rosolowsky+ (2011, J/ApJS/188/123). The BGPS is a 1.1mm survey of dust emission in the Northern galactic plane, covering longitudes -10{deg}<{ell}<90{deg} and latitudes |b|<0.5{deg} with a typical 1{sigma} rms sensitivity of 30-100mJy in a ~33" beam. Version 2 of the survey includes an additional ~20deg^2^ of coverage in the third and fourth quadrants and ~2deg^2^ in the first quadrant. The new data release has improved angular recovery, with complete recovery out to ~80" and partial recovery to ~300", and reduced negative bowls around bright sources resulting from the atmospheric subtraction process. We resolve the factor of 1.5 flux calibration offset between the v1.0 data release and other data sets and determine that there is no offset between v2.0 and other data sets. The v2.0 pointing accuracy is tested against other surveys and is demonstrated to be accurate and an improvement over v1.0. We present simulations and tests of the pipeline and its properties, including measurements of the pipeline's angular transfer function. The Bolocat cataloging tool was used to extract a new catalog, which includes 8594 sources, with 591 in the expanded regions. We have demonstrated that the Bolocat 40" and 80" apertures are accurate even in the presence of strong extended background emission. The number of sources is lower than in v1.0, but the amount of flux and area included in identified sources is larger.
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Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/770/39
- Title:
- BGPS. VIII. MIR kinematic distances
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/770/39
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a new distance estimation method for dust-continuum-identified molecular cloud clumps. Recent (sub-)millimeter Galactic plane surveys have cataloged tens of thousands of these objects, plausible precursors to stellar clusters, but detailed study of their physical properties requires robust distance determinations. We derive Bayesian distance probability density functions (DPDFs) for 770 objects from the Bolocam Galactic Plane Survey in the Galactic longitude range 7.5{deg}<=l<=65{deg}. The DPDF formalism is based on kinematic distances, and uses any number of external data sets to place prior distance probabilities to resolve the kinematic distance ambiguity (KDA) for objects in the inner Galaxy. We present here priors related to the mid-infrared absorption of dust in dense molecular regions and the distribution of molecular gas in the Galactic disk. By assuming a numerical model of Galactic mid-infrared emission and simple radiative transfer, we match the morphology of (sub-)millimeter thermal dust emission with mid-infrared absorption to compute a prior DPDF for distance discrimination. Selecting objects first from (sub-)millimeter source catalogs avoids a bias towards the darkest infrared dark clouds (IRDCs) and extends the range of heliocentric distance probed by mid-infrared extinction and includes lower-contrast sources. We derive well-constrained KDA resolutions for 618 molecular cloud clumps, with approximately 15% placed at or beyond the tangent distance. Objects with mid-infrared contrast sufficient to be cataloged as IRDCs are generally placed at the near kinematic distance. Distance comparisons with Galactic Ring Survey KDA resolutions yield a 92% agreement. A face-on view of the Milky Way using resolved distances reveals sections of the Sagittarius and Scutum-Centaurus Arms. This KDA-resolution method for large catalogs of sources through the combination of (sub-)millimeter and mid-infrared observations of molecular cloud clumps is generally applicable to other dust-continuum Galactic plane surveys.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/684/1143
- Title:
- BHB candidates in the Milky Way
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/684/1143
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We derive new constraints on the mass of the Milky Way's dark matter halo, based on 2401 rigorously selected blue horizontal-branch halo stars from SDSS DR6. This sample enables construction of the full line-of-sight velocity distribution at different galactocentric radii. To interpret these distributions, we compare them to matched mock observations drawn from two different cosmological galaxy formation simulations designed to resemble the Milky Way. This procedure results in an estimate of the Milky Way's circular velocity curve to ~60kpc, which is found to be slightly falling from the adopted value of 220km/s at the Sun's location, and implies M(<60kpc)=(4.0+/-0.7)x10^11^M_{sun}_.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/623/A72
- Title:
- Binarity of Hipparcos stars from Gaia pm anomaly
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/623/A72
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The census of stellar and substellar companions of nearby stars is largely incomplete, in particular towards the low mass brown dwarf and long-period exoplanets. It is however of fundamental importance to understand the stellar and planetary formation and evolution mechanisms. Nearby stars are particularly favorable targets for high precision astrometry. We aim at characterizing the presence of physical companions of stellar and substellar mass in orbit around nearby stars. Orbiting secondary bodies influence the proper motion of their parent star through their gravitational reflex motion. Using the Hipparcos and Gaia DR2 catalogs, we determine the long-term proper motion of the stars common to these two catalogs. We then search for a proper motion anomaly (PMa) between the long-term proper motion vector and the Gaia DR2 (or Hipparcos) measurements, indicative of the presence of a perturbing secondary object. We focus our analysis on the 6741 nearby stars located within 50pc, and we also present a catalog of the PMa for >99 percent of the stars of the full Hipparcos catalog. A fraction of 30 percent of the studied stars presents a PMa at a level of more than 3 sigma. The PMa allows us to detect orbiting companions, or set stringent limits to their presence. We present a few illustrations of the PMa analysis to interesting targets. We set upper limits of 0.1-0.3MJ to potential planets orbiting Proxima between 1 and 10au (P_orb_=3 to 100 years). We confirm that Proxima is gravitationally bound to alpha Cen. We recover the masses of the known companions of epsilon Eri, epsilon Ind, Ross 614 and beta Pic. We also detect the signature of a possible planet of a few jovian masses orbiting tau Ceti. Based on only 22 months of Gaia data, the DR2 has limitations, but its combination with the Hipparcos catalog and the very high accuracy of the derived PMa already enables to set valuable constraints on the binarity of nearby objects. The detection of tangential velocity anomalies at a median accuracy of sigma({Delta}v_T_)=1.0m/s per parsec of distance is already possible with the Gaia DR2. This type of analysis opens the possibility to identify long period orbital companions otherwise inaccessible. The complementarity of Gaia (for long orbital periods), radial velocity and transit techniques (for short periods) already appears as remarkably powerful.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/707/1824
- Title:
- BLAST Vela sources
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/707/1824
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present first results from an unbiased 50deg^2^ submillimeter Galactic survey at 250, 350, and 500um from the 2006 flight of the Balloon-borne Large Aperture Submillimeter Telescope. The map has resolution ranging from 36" to 60" in the three submillimeter bands spanning the thermal emission peak of cold starless cores. We determine the temperature, luminosity, and mass of more than 1000 compact sources in a range of evolutionary stages and an unbiased statistical characterization of the population. From comparison with C^18^O data, we find the dust opacity per gas mass, {kappa}r=0.16cm^2^/g at 250um, for cold clumps. We find that 2% of the mass of the molecular gas over this diverse region is in cores colder than 14K, and that the mass function for these cold cores is consistent with a power law with index {alpha}=-3.22+/-0.14 over the mass range 14M_{sun}_<M<80M_{sun}_.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AN/336/590
- Title:
- Bochum Galactic Disk Survey: II
- Short Name:
- J/AN/336/590
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- This paper is the second in a series describing the southern Galactic Disk Survey (GDS) performed at the Universitatssternwarte Bochum near Cerro Armazones in Chile. Haas et al. (2012, Cat. J/AN/333/706, Paper I) presented the survey design and the characteristics of the observations and data. They identified ~2200 variable stars in an area of 50 square degrees with more than 50 observations in 2011. Here we present the first complete version of the GDS covering all 268 fields with 1323 square degrees along the Galactic disk including revised data from Paper I. The individual fields were observed up to 272 times and comprise a maximum time span between September 2010 and May 2015. We detect a total of 64151 variable sources, which are presented in a catalog including some of their properties and their light curves. A comparison with the International Variable Star Index (VSX) and All Sky Automated Survey (ASAS) indicates that 56794 of these sources are previously unknown variables. Furthermore, we present U, B, V, r', i', z' photometry for all sources within the GDS, resulting in a new multi-color catalog of nearly 16x10^6^ sources detected in at least one filter. Both the GDS and the near-infrared VISTA Variables in the Via Lactea survey (VVV) complement each other in the overlap area of about 300 square degrees enabling future comparison studies.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/649/759
- Title:
- Bubbles in the galactic disk
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/649/759
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- A visual examination of the images from the Galactic Legacy Infrared Mid-Plane Survey Extraordinaire (GLIMPSE) has revealed 322 partial and closed rings that we propose represent partially or fully enclosed three-dimensional bubbles. We argue that the bubbles are primarily formed by hot young stars in massive star formation regions. We have found an average of about 1.5 bubbles per square degree. About 25% of the bubbles coincide with known radio HII regions, and about 13% enclose known star clusters. It appears that B4B9 stars (too cool to produce detectable radio HII regions) probably produce about three-quarters of the bubbles in our sample, and the remainder are produced by young OB3 stars that produce detectable radio HII regions.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/670/428
- Title:
- Bubbles in the galactic disk. II.
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/670/428
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We report 269 mid-infrared bubbles within 10{deg} of the Galactic center from visual inspection of the Spitzer GLIMPSE II Legacy Science program images. The surface density of bubbles is ~5deg^-2^ or about 3 times that detected in longitudes |l|=10{deg}-65{deg}, because the inner 10{deg} of longitude were more thoroughly searched for small bubbles. There is a gradient in the number of bubbles with longitude with an increase of about a factor of 2 from 2{deg} to 10{deg}; this is probably the result of several factors, including decreasing diffuse background brightness, confusion, and opacity with longitude. Bubble eccentricities are typically between 0.6 and 0.8, and >50% show evidence for blowouts, which we suggest result from local density fluctuations of the ISM and/or anisotropic stellar winds and radiation fields.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/821/L25
- Title:
- Bulge RR Lyrae Radial Velocity Assay (BRAVA-RR)
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/821/L25
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present 947 radial velocities of RR Lyrae variable stars in four fields located toward the Galactic bulge, observed within the data from the ongoing Bulge RR Lyrae Radial Velocity Assay (BRAVA-RR). We show that these RR Lyrae stars (RRLs) exhibit hot kinematics and null or negligible rotation and are therefore members of a separate population from the bar/pseudobulge that currently dominates the mass and luminosity of the inner Galaxy. Our RRLs predate these structures and have metallicities, kinematics, and spatial distribution that are consistent with a "classical" bulge, although we cannot yet completely rule out the possibility that they are the metal-poor tail of a more metal-rich ([Fe/H]~-1dex) halo-bulge population.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/458/113
- Title:
- BVRIc photometry towards inner Galactic Bulge
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/458/113
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We have obtained BVRI photometry for 21 stellar fields located in directions towards the central 3.5{deg} of the Galaxy. Each field is 10x10 arcmin in size, and a total of ~2x10^5^ stars were measured.
