- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/643/A12
- Title:
- Cchemical abundances of 6 open cluster stars
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/643/A12
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Open clusters are excellent tracers of the chemical evolution of the Galactic disc. The spatial distribution of their elemental abundances, through the analysis of high-quality and high-resolution spectra, provides insight into the chemical evolution and mechanisms of element nucleosynthesis in regions characterised by different conditions (e.g. star formation efficiency and metallicity). In the framework of the Stellar Population Astrophysics (SPA) project, we present new observations and spectral analysis of four sparsely studied open clusters located in the solar neighbourhood, namely Collinder 350, Gulliver 51, NGC 7044, and Ruprecht 171. We exploit the HARPS-N spectrograph at the TNG telescope to acquire high-resolution optical spectra for 15 member stars of four clusters. We derive stellar parameters (Teff, logg, [Fe/H] and {xi) using both the equivalent width (EW) analysis and the spectral fitting technique. We compute elemental abundances for light, {alpha}-, iron-peak, and n-capture elements using the EW measurement approach. We investigate the origin of the correlation between metallicity and stellar parameters derived with the EW method for the coolest stars of the sample (Teff<4300K). The correlation is likely due to the challenging continuum setting and to a general inaccuracy of model atmospheres used to reproduce the conditions of very cool giant stars. We locate the properties of our clusters in the radial distributions of metallicity and abundance ratios, comparing our results with clusters from the Gaia-ESO and APOGEE surveys. We present the [X/Fe]-[Fe/H] and [X/Fe]-RGC trends for elements in common between the two surveys. Finally, we derive the C and Li abundances as a function of the evolutionary phase and compare them with theoretical models. The SPA survey, with its high-resolution spectra, allows us to fully characterise the chemistry of nearby clusters. With a single set of spectra, we provide chemical abundances for a variety of chemical elements, which are comparable to those obtained in two of the largest surveys combined. The metallicities and abundance ratios of our clusters fit very well in the radial distributions defined by the recent literature, reinforcing the importance of star clusters to outline the spatial distribution of abundances in our Galaxy. Moreover, the abundances of C and Li, modified by stellar evolution during the giant phase, agree with evolutionary prescriptions (rotation-induced mixing) for their masses and metallicities.
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Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/245/13
- Title:
- CDIPS. I. LCs from TESS sectors 6 and 7
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/245/13
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) is providing precise time-series photometry for most star clusters in the solar neighborhood. Using the TESS images, we have begun a Cluster Difference Imaging Photometric Survey, in which we are focusing both on stars that are candidate cluster members and on stars that show indications of youth. Our aims are to discover giant transiting planets with known ages, and to provide light curves suitable for studies in stellar astrophysics. For this work, we made 159343 light curves of candidate young stars, across 596 distinct clusters. Each light curve represents between 20 and 25 days of observations of a star brighter than G_Rp_=16, with 30-minute sampling. We describe the image-subtraction and time-series analysis techniques we used to create the light curves, which have noise properties that agree with theoretical expectations. We also comment on the possible utility of the light-curve sample for studies of stellar rotation evolution and binary eccentricity damping.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/119/1214
- Title:
- Census of star clusters in the SMC
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/119/1214
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Surveys using CCD detectors are retrieving bright and faint catalogued clusters and revealing new ones in the Magellanic Clouds. This paper discusses the contribution of the OGLE Survey to the overall census of star clusters in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). A detailed cross-identification indicates that the new objects in the SMC OGLE catalog are 46. The increase in the number of catalogued clusters is {~}7%, the total sample being {~}700. This updated census includes embedded clusters in H II regions and a density range attaining loose systems.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/434/2238
- Title:
- Cepheids in open clusters
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/434/2238
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Cepheids in open clusters (cluster Cepheids: CCs) are of great importance as zero-point calibrators of the Galactic Cepheid period-luminosity relationship (PLR). We perform an 8-dimensional all-sky census that aims to identify new bona-fide CCs and provide a ranking of membership confidence for known CC candidates according to membership probabilities. The probabilities are computed for combinations of known Galactic open clusters and classical Cepheid candidates, based on spatial, kinematic, and population-specific membership constraints. Data employed in this analysis are taken largely from published literature and supplemented by a year-round observing program on both hemispheres dedicated to determining systemic radial velocities of Cepheids. In total, we find 23 bona-fide CCs, 5 of which are candidates identified for the first time, including an overtone-Cepheid member in NGC 129. We discuss a subset of CC candidates in detail, some of which have been previously mentioned in the literature. Our results indicate unlikely membership for 7 Cepheids that have been previously discussed in terms of cluster membership. We furthermore revisit the Galactic PLR using our bona fide CC sample and obtain a result consistent with the recent calibration by Turner (2010). However, our calibration remains limited mainly by cluster uncertainties and the small number of long-period calibrators. In the near future, Gaia will enable our study to be carried out in much greater detail and accuracy, thanks to data homogeneity and greater levels of completeness.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/573/A19
- Title:
- Cep OB2 Herschel/PACS view
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/573/A19
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The CepOB2 region, with its two intermediate-aged clusters Tr37 and NGC7160, is a paradigm of sequential star formation and an ideal site for studies of protoplanetary disk evolution. We use Herschel data to study the protoplanetary disks and the star formation history of the region. Herschel/PACS observations at 70 and 160{mu}m probe the disk properties (mass, dust sizes, structure) and the evolutionary state of a large number of young stars. Far-IR data also trace the remnant cloud material and small-scale cloud structure. We detect 95 protoplanetary disks at 70{mu}m, 41 at 160{mu}m, and obtain upper limits for more than 130 objects. The detection fraction at 70{mu}m depends on the spectral type (88% for K4 or earlier stars, 17% for M3 or later stars) and on the disk type (~50% for full and pre-transitional disks, ~35% for transitional disks, no low-excess/depleted disks detected). Non-accreting disks are not detected, suggesting significantly lower masses. Accreting transition and pre-transition disks have systematically higher 70{mu}m excesses than full disks, suggestive of more massive, flared and/or thicker disks. Herschel data also reveal several mini-clusters in Tr37, which are small, compact structures containing a few young stars surrounded by nebulosity. Far-IR data are an excellent probe of the evolution of disks that are too faint for sub-millimetre observations. We find a strong link between far-IR emission and accretion, and between the inner and outer disk structure. Herschel confirms the dichotomy between accreting and non-accreting transition disks. Accretion is a powerful measure of global disk evolution: substantial mass depletion and global evolution need to occur to shut down accretion in a protoplanetary disk, even if the disk has inner holes. Disks likely follow different evolutionary paths: low disk masses do not imply opening inner holes, and having inner holes does not require low disk masses. The mini-clusters reveal multi-episodic star formation in Tr37. The long survival of mini-clusters suggest that they formed from the fragmentation of the same core. Their various morphologies favour different formation/triggering mechanisms acting within the same cluster. The beads-on-a-string structure in one mini-cluster is consistent with gravitational fragmentation or gravitational focusing, acting on very small scales (solar-mass stars in ~0.5pc filaments). Multi-episodic star formation could also produce evolutionary variations between disks in the same region. Finally, Herschel also unveils what could be the first heavy mass loss episode of the O6.5 star HD 206267 in Tr 37.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/646/A46
- Title:
- Chamaeleon DANCe. Stellar population with Gaia-DR2
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/646/A46
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Kinematic properties and stellar parameters of the Chamaeleon stars selected in our membership analysis using Gaia-DR2 data. We provide for each star its identifier, position, proper motion, parallax, radial velocity, distance, spatial velocity, SED classification, age and membership probability. We also provide the membership probabilities for all sources in the fields surveyed by our study and the empirical isochrone of the Cha I and Cha II subgroups.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/194/2
- Title:
- Chandra Carina Complex Project (CCCP) catalog
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/194/2
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a catalog of ~14000 X-ray sources observed by the ACIS instrument on the Chandra X-ray Observatory within a 1.42deg^2^ survey of the Great Nebula in Carina, known as the Chandra Carina Complex Project (CCCP). This study appears in a special issue devoted to the CCCP. Here, we describe the data reduction and analysis procedures performed on the X-ray observations, including calibration and cleaning of the X-ray event data, point-source detection, and source extraction. The catalog appears to be complete across most of the field to an absorption-corrected total-band luminosity of ~10^30.7^erg/s for a typical low-mass pre-main-sequence star. Counterparts to the X-ray sources are identified in a variety of visual, near-infrared, and mid-infrared surveys. The X-ray and infrared source properties presented here form the basis of many CCCP studies of the young stellar populations in Carina.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/643/238
- Title:
- Chandra/2MASS sources in Cygnus OB2
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/643/238
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- A 50ks Chandra observation of the unidentified TeV source in Cygnus reported by the HEGRA collaboration reveals no obvious diffuse X-ray counterpart. However, 240 point-like X-ray sources are detected within or nearby the extended TeV J2032+4130 source region, of which at least 36 are massive stars and two may be radio emitters. That the HEGRA source is a composite, having as a counterpart the multiple point-like X-ray sources we observe, cannot be ruled out. Indeed, the distribution of point-like X-ray sources appears nonuniform and concentrated broadly within the extent of the TeV source region. We offer a hypothesis for the origin of the very high energy gamma-ray emission in Cyg OB2 based on the local acceleration of TeV-range cosmic rays and the differential distribution of OB versus less massive stars in this association.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/418/509
- Title:
- Chandra observation of M67
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/418/509
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the results of a 47-ks Chandra/ACIS observation of the old open cluster M67. We detected 25 proper-motion cluster members (including ten new sources) and 12 sources (all new) that we suspect to be members from their locations close to the main sequence (1<B-V<1.7). Of the detected members, 23 are binaries.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/137/3210
- Title:
- Chandra observations of h Persei
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/137/3210
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We describe Chandra/ACIS-I observations of the massive ~13-14Myr-old cluster, h Persei, part of the famous Double Cluster (h and {chi} Per) in Perseus. Combining the list of Chandra-detected sources with new optical/IR photometry and optical spectroscopy reveals ~165 X-ray bright stars with V<~23. Roughly 142 have optical magnitudes and colors consistent with cluster membership.
