- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/640/A10
- Title:
- Catalogue of planetary nebulae central stars
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/640/A10
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Planetary nebulae represent a potential late stage of stellar evolution, however, their central stars (CSPNe) are relatively faint and, therefore, pertinent information is available for merely <20% of the Galactic sample. Consequently, the literature was surveyed to construct a new catalogue of 620 CSPNe featuring important spectral classifications and information. The catalogue supersedes the existing iteration by 25% and includes physical parameters such as luminosity, surface gravity, temperature, magnitude estimates, and references for published spectra. The marked statistical improvement enabled the following pertinent conclusions to be determined: the H-rich/H-poor ratio is 2:1, there is a deficiency of CSPNe with types [WC 5-6], and nearly 80% of binary central stars belong to the H-rich group. The last finding suggests that evolutionary scenarios leading to the formation of binary central stars interfere with the conditions required for the formation of H-poor CSPN. Approximately 50% of the sample with derived values of logL, logT_eff_, and logg, exhibit masses and ages consistent with single stellar evolutionary models. The implication is that single stars are indeed able to form planetary nebulae. Moreover, it is shown that H-poor CSPNe are formed by higher mass progenitors.
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Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/526/A6
- Title:
- Central stars of galactic planetary nebulae
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/526/A6
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- There are more than 3000 confirmed and probable known Galactic planetary nebulae (PNe), but central star spectroscopic information is available for only 13% of them. We undertook a spectroscopic survey of central stars of PNe at low resolution and compiled a large list of central stars for which information was dispersed in the literature. We present a catalogue of 492 confirmed and probable CSPN and provide a preliminary spectral classification for 45 central star of PNe. This revises previous values of the proportion of CSPN with atmospheres poor in hydrogen in at least 30% of cases and provide statistical information that allows us to infer the origin of H-poor stars. Based on data collected at the Complejo Astronomico El Leoncito (CASLEO), which is operated under agreement between the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas de la Republica Argentina y Universidades Nacionales de La Plata, Cordoba y San Juan, Argentina.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/531/A172
- Title:
- Central stars of planetary nebulae. II.
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/531/A172
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- There are more than 3000 confirmed and probably known Galactic planetary nebulae (PNe), but central star spectroscopic information is available for only 13% of them. We have undertaken a spectroscopic survey of the central stars in PNe to identify their spectral types. We performed spectroscopic observations at low resolution with the 2-m telescope at CASLEO, Argentina. We present the spectra of 46 central stars of PNe, most of them are OB-type and emission-line stars.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/638/A103
- Title:
- Central stars of planetary nebulae in Gaia DR2
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/638/A103
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Accurate distance measurements are fundamental to the study of planetary nebulae (PNe) but they have long been elusive. The most accurate and model-independent distance measurements for galactic PNe come from the trigonometric parallaxes of their central stars, which were only available for a few tens of objects prior to the Gaia mission. The accurate identification of PN central stars (CSPNe) in the Gaia source catalogues is a critical prerequisite for leveraging the unprecedented scope and precision of the trigonometric parallaxes measured by Gaia. Our aim is to build a complete sample of PN central star detections with minimal contamination. We developed and applied an automated technique based on the likelihood ratio method to match candidate central stars in Gaia Data Release 2 (DR2) to known PNe in the Hong Kong/AAO/Strasbourg H{alpha} (HASH) PN catalogue (Parker et al. 2016, 2016JPhCS.728c2008P), taking into account the BP-RP colours of the Gaia sources as well as their positional offsets from the nebula centres. These parameter distributions for both true central stars and background sources were inferred directly from the data. We present a catalogue of over 1000 Gaia sources that our method has automatically identified as likely PN central stars. We demonstrate how the best matches enable us to trace nebula and central star evolution and to validate existing statistical distance scales, and we discuss the prospects for further refinement of the matching based on additional data. We also compare the accuracy of our catalogue to that of previous works.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/567/A12
- Title:
- Chemical abundances in Galactic PNe
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/567/A12
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present new low-resolution (R~800) optical spectra of 22 Galactic PNe with Spitzer spectra. These data are combined with recent optical spectroscopic data available in the literature to construct representative samples of compact (and presumably young) Galactic disc and bulge PNe with Spitzer spectra. Attending to the nature of the dust features seen in their Spitzer spectra, Galactic disc and bulge PNe are classified according to four major dust types (oxygen chemistry or OC, carbon chemistry or CC, double chemistry or DC, featureless or F) and subtypes (amorphous and crystalline, and aliphatic and aromatic). Nebular gas abundances of He, N, O, Ne, S, Cl, and Ar, as well as plasma parameters (e.g. Ne, Te) are homogeneously derived and we study the median chemical abundances and nebular properties in Galactic disc and bulge PNe depending on their Spitzer dust types and subtypes. A comparison of the derived median abundance patterns with AGB nucleosynthesis predictions show mainly that i) DC PNe, both with amorphous and crystalline silicates, display high-metallicity (solar/supra-solar) and the highest He abundances and N/O ratios, suggesting relatively massive (~3-5M_{sun}_) hot bottom burning AGB stars as progenitors; ii) PNe with O-rich and C-rich unevolved dust (amorphous and aliphatic) seem to evolve from subsolar metallicity (z~0.008) and lower mass (<3M_{sun}_) AGB stars; iii) a few O-rich PNe and a significant fraction of C-rich PNe with more evolved dust (crystalline and aromatic, respectively) display chemical abundances similar to DC PNe, suggesting that they are related objects. A comparison of the derived nebular properties with predictions from models combining the theoretical central star evolution with a simple nebular model is also presented. Finally, a possible link between the Spitzer dust properties, chemical abundances, and evolutionary status is discussed.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/423/199
- Title:
- Chemical abundances of planetary nebulae
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/423/199
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- In this paper, we report new observations and derive chemical abundances for a sample of 26 planetary nebulae (PN) located in the anti-center direction. Most of these nebulae are far away objects, located at galactocentric distances greater than about 8kpc, so that they are particularly useful for the determination of the radial gradients at large distances from the galactic center.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/463/265
- Title:
- Chemical compositions of 48 WR planetary nebulae
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/463/265
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Chemical compositions and other properties of planetary nebulae around central stars of spectral types [WC], [WO], and wels are compared with those of "normal" central stars, in order to clarify the evolutionary status of each type and their interrelation. We use plasma diagnostics to derive from optical spectra the plasma parameters and chemical compositions of 48 planetary nebulae. We also reanalyze the published spectra of a sample of 167 non-WR PN. The results as well as the observational data are compared in detail with those from other studies of the objects in common.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/472/101
- Title:
- Chemical evolution of SMC planetary nebulae
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/472/101
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We investigate the chemical evolution of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) based on abundance data of planetary nebulae (PNe). The main goal is to investigate the time evolution of the oxygen abundance in this galaxy by deriving an age-metallicity relation. Such a relation is of fundamental importance as an observational constraint for chemical evolution models of the SMC. We have used high quality PNe data to derive the properties of the progenitor stars, so that the stellar ages could be estimated. We collected a large number of measured spectral fluxes for each nebula and derived accurate physical parameters and nebular abundances. New spectral data for a sample of SMC PNe obtained between 1999 and 2002 are also presented. These data are used with data available in the literature to improve the accuracy of the fluxes for each spectral line.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/451/3504
- Title:
- Classification of IRS sources in the SMC
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/451/3504
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The Magellanic clouds are uniquely placed to study the stellar contribution to dust emission. Individual stars can be resolved in these systems even in the mid-infrared, and they are close enough to allow detection of infrared excess caused by dust. We have searched the Spitzer Space Telescope data archive for all Infrared Spectrograph (IRS) staring-mode observations of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) and found that 209 Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) point sources within the footprint of the Surveying the Agents of Galaxy Evolution in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SAGE-SMC) Spitzer Legacy programme were targeted, within a total of 311 staring mode observations. We classify these point sources using a decision tree method of object classification, based on infrared spectral features, continuum and spectral energy distribution shape, bolometric luminosity, cluster membership and variability information. We find 58 asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars, 51 young stellar objects (YSOs), 4 post-AGB objects, 22 Red Supergiants (RSGs), 27 stars (of which 23 are dusty OB stars), 24 planetary nebulae (PNe), 10 Wolf-Rayet (WR) stars, 3 HII regions, 3 R Coronae Borealis (R CrB) stars, 1 Blue Supergiant and 6 other objects, including 2 foreground AGB stars. We use these classifications to evaluate the success of photometric classification methods reported in the literature.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/475/217
- Title:
- Classification of planetary nebulae
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/475/217
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- In this paper we present a re-analysis of the criteria used to characterize the Peimbert classes I, IIa, IIb, III and IV, through a statistical study of a large sample of planetary nebulae previously classified according to these groups. In the original classification, it is usual to find planetary nebulae that cannot be associated with a single type; these most likely have dubious classifications into two or three types. Statistical methods can greatly contribute in providing a better characterization of planetary nebulae groups. We use the Bayes Theorem to calculate the posterior probabilities for an object to be member of each of the types I, IIa, IIb, III and IV. This calculation is particularly important for planetary nebulae that are ambiguously classified in the traditional method. The posterior probabilities are defined from the probability density function of classificatory parameters of a well-defined sample, composed only by planetary nebulae unambiguously fitted into the Peimbert types. Because the probabilities depend on the available observational data, they are conditional probabilities, and, as new observational data are added to the sample, the classification of the nebula can be improved, to take into account this new information. This method differs from the original classificatory scheme, because it provides a quantitative result of the representativity of the object within its group. Also, through the use of marginal distributions it is possible to extend the Peimbert classification even to those objects for which only a few classificatory parameters are known.
