- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/804/109
- Title:
- Equivalent widths of RGB stars in NGC 5053
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/804/109
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- NGC 5053 provides a rich environment to test our understanding of the complex evolution of globular clusters (GCs). Recent studies have found that this cluster has interesting morphological features beyond the typical spherical distribution of GCs, suggesting that external tidal effects have played an important role in its evolution and current properties. Additionally, simulations have shown that NGC 5053 could be a likely candidate to belong to the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy (Sgr dSph) stream. Using the Wisconsin-Indiana-Yale-NOAO-Hydra multi-object spectrograph, we have collected high quality (signal-to-noise ratio ~75-90), medium-resolution spectra for red giant branch stars in NGC 5053. Using these spectra we have measured the Fe, Ca, Ti, Ni, Ba, Na, and O abundances in the cluster. We measure an average cluster [Fe/H] abundance of -2.45 with a standard deviation of 0.04 dex, making NGC 5053 one of the most metal-poor GCs in the Milky Way (MW). The [Ca/Fe], [Ti/Fe], and [Ba/Fe] we measure are consistent with the abundances of MW halo stars at a similar metallicity, with alpha-enhanced ratios and slightly depleted [Ba/Fe]. The Na and O abundances show the Na-O anti-correlation found in most GCs. From our abundance analysis it appears that NGC 5053 is at least chemically similar to other GCs found in the MW. This does not, however, rule out NGC 5053 being associated with the Sgr dSph stream.
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- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/465/3039
- Title:
- Eruptive variable protostars from VVV EW
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/465/3039
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- In a companion work (Contreras Pena et al., 2017MNRAS.465.3011C, Paper I), we detected a large population of highly variable Young Stellar Objects (YSOs) in the Vista Variables in the Via Lactea (VVV) survey, typically with class I or flat spectrum spectral energy distributions and diverse light-curve types. Here we present infrared spectra (0.9-2.5 {mu}m) of 37 of these variables, many of them observed in a bright state. The spectra confirm that 15/18 sources with eruptive light curves have signatures of a high accretion rate, either showing EXor-like emission features ({Delta}v=2 CO, Br{gamma}) and/or FUor-like features ({Delta}v=2 CO and H_2_O strongly in absorption). Similar features were seen in some long-term periodic YSOs and faders but not in dippers or short-term variables. The sample includes some dusty Mira variables (typically distinguished by smooth Mira-like light curves), two cataclysmic variables and a carbon star. In total, we have added 19 new objects to the broad class of eruptive variable YSOs with episodic accretion. Eruptive variable YSOs in our sample that were observed at bright states show higher accretion luminosities than the rest of the sample. Most of the eruptive variables differ from the established FUor and EXor subclasses, showing intermediate outburst durations and a mixture of their spectroscopic characteristics. This is in line with a small number of other recent discoveries. Since these previously atypical objects are now the majority amongst embedded members of the class, we propose a new classification for them as MNors. This term (pronounced emnor) follows V1647 Ori, the illuminating star of McNeil's Nebula.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/604/A41
- Title:
- ESO452-SC11 Stellar parameters and abundances
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/604/A41
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Globular clusters (GCs) have long been recognized as being amongst the oldest objects in the Galaxy. As such, they have the potential of playing a pivotal role in deciphering the Milky Way's early history. Here we present the first spectroscopic study of the low-mass system ESO452-SC11 using the AAOmega multifibre spectrograph at medium resolution. Given the stellar sparsity of this object and the high degree of foreground contamination due to its location toward the Galactic bulge, very few details are known for this cluster - there is no consensus, for instance, about its age, metallicity, or its association with the disk or bulge. We identify five member candidates based on common radial velocity, calcium-triplet metallicity, and position within the GC. Using spectral synthesis, the measurement of accurate Fe-abundances from Fe-lines, and abundances of several {alpha}-, Fe-peak, and neutron-capture elements (Si, Ca, Ti,Cr, Co, Ni, Sr, and Eu) is carried out, albeit with large uncertainties. We find that two of the five cluster candidates are likely non-members, as they have deviating iron abundances and [alpha/Fe] ratios. The cluster mean heliocentric velocity is 19+/-2km/s with a velocity dispersion of 2.8+/-3.4km/s, a low value in line with its sparse nature and low mass. The mean Fe-abundance from spectral fitting is -0.88+/-0.03dex, where the spread is driven by observational errors. Furthermore, the alpha-elements of the GC candidates are marginally lower than expected for the bulge at similar metallicities. As spectra of hundreds of stars were collected in a 2-degree field centered on ESO452-SC11, a detailed abundance study of the surrounding field was also enabled. The majority of the non-members have slightly higher [Fe] ratios, in line with the typical nearby bulge population. A subset of the spectra with measured Fe-peak abundance ratios shows a large scatter around solar values, albeit with large uncertainties. Furthermore, our study provides the first systematic measurements of strontium abundances in a Galactic bulge GC. Here, the Eu and Sr abundances of the GC candidates are broadly consistent with a disk or bulge association. Recent proper motions and our orbital calculations place ESO452 on an elliptical orbit in the central 3kpc of the Milky Way, establishing a firm connection with the bulge. Finally, while the radial velocities and preferential position of a dozen of stars outside the GC radius appear to imply the presence of extra-tidal stars, their significantly different chemical composition refutes this hypothesis.
294. ESO Slice Project
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+AS/130/323
- Title:
- ESO Slice Project
- Short Name:
- J/A+AS/130/323
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The ESO Slice Project (ESP) is a galaxy redshift survey in a region near the South Galactic Pole (see Vettolani et al., 1997A&A...325..954V; Zucca et al., 1997A&A...326..477Z). It extends over a strip 22(RA)x1(DEC) square degrees, plus a nearby area of 5x1 square degrees, 5 degrees west of the main strip. The right ascension limits are 22h30m and 01h20m, at a mean declination of -40{deg}15' (B1950). We have covered this region with a regular grid of adjacent circular fields, with a diameter of 32arcmin each, corresponding to the field of view of the multifiber spectrograph OPTOPUS at the 3.6m ESO telescope. The total solid angle of the spectroscopic survey is 23.2 square degrees. The galaxy catalogue has been extracted from the Edinburgh-Durham Southern Galaxy catalogue (Heydon-Dumbleton et al., 1989MNRAS.238..379H) which has been obtained from COSMOS (MacGillivray & Stobie, 1984VA.....27..433M) scans of SERC J survey plates. The number of objects in the photometric ESP sample is 4487. The spectroscopic survey is about 85% complete to the limiting magnitude bJ=19.4, and consists of 3342 galaxies + 1 QSO with redshift determination. The ESP survey is intermediate between shallow, wide angle samples and very deep, one--dimensional pencil beams. Table 2 lists the fields observed with OPTOPUS and their properties: the numbers listed in this table can be used to compute the redshift completeness of each fields, following eq.(2) of the paper. Table 3 provides the catalogue, with galaxies sorted in right ascension. The catalogue with additional information and updates can also be found at the following URL: http://boas5.bo.astro.it/~cappi/esokp.html
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/342/1
- Title:
- ESO Slice Project. VI. Groups of Galaxies.
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/342/1
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- In Table 1 we present our group catalog. For each group we list the ID number (column 1), the number of members (column 2), the coordinates {alpha}_(1950)_ and {delta}_(1950)_ (columns 3 and 4 respectively), the mean radial velocity cz in km/s corrected for Virgo infall and galactic rotation (column 5), and the velocity dispersion {sigma}_cz_ (column 6). We compute the velocity dispersion following the prescription of Ledermann (1984) for an unbiased estimator of the dispersion (see previous section). We also take into account the cosmological expansion of the universe and the measurement errors according to the prescriptions of Danese et al. (1980A&A....82..322D). The errors we associate to the redshifts are those output by the RVSAO cross-correlation procedure multiplied by a factor 1.6. This factor brings the cross-correlation error in rough agreement with the external error estimated from repeated observations (Vettolani et al., 1998, Cat. <J/A+AS/130/323> -- here we do not distinguish between emission and absorption line redshifts).
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/475/1960
- Title:
- ESPaDOnS spectropolarimeter obs. of M dwarfs
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/475/1960
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Present and future high-precision radial-velocity spectrometers dedicated to the discovery of low-mass planets orbiting low-mass dwarfs need to focus on the best selected stars to make an efficient use of telescope time. In the framework of the preparation of the SPIRou Input Catalogue (SPIC), the CoolSnap program aims at screening M dwarfs in the solar neighbourhood against binarity, rapid rotation, activity, etc. To optimize the selection, this paper describes the methods used to compute effective temperature, metallicity, projected rotation velocity of a large sample of 440 M dwarfs observed in the visible with the high-resolution spectropolarimeter Echelle SpectroPolArimetric Device for the ObservatioN of Stars (ESPaDOnS) at Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope. It also summarizes known and newly discovered spectroscopic binaries, and stars known to belong to visual multiple systems. A calibration of the projected rotation velocity versus measured line widths for M dwarfs observed by the ESPaDOnS spectropolarimeter is derived, and the resulting values are compared to equatorial rotation velocities deduced from rotation periods and radii. A comparison of the derived effective temperatures and metallicities with literature values is also conducted. Finally, the radial-velocity uncertainty of each star in the sample is estimated, to narrow down the selection of stars to be included into the SPIC.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/629/A80
- Title:
- ESPRESSO blind RV exoplanet survey catalog
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/629/A80
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- One of the main scientific drivers for ESPRESSO, Echelle SPectrograph, is the detection and characterization of Earth-class exoplanets. With this goal in mind, the ESPRESSO guaranteed time observations (GTO) Catalog identifies the best target stars for a blind search for the radial velocity (RV) signals caused by Earth-class exoplanets. Using the most complete stellar catalogs available, we screened for the most suitable G, K, and M dwarf stars for the detection of Earth-class exoplanets with ESPRESSO. For most of the stars, we then gathered high-resolution spectra from new observations or from archival data. We used these spectra to spectroscopically investigate the existence of any stellar binaries, both bound or background stars. We derived the activity level using chromospheric activity indexes using log (R'_HK_), as well as the projected rotational velocity vsini. For the cases where planet companions are already known, we also looked at the possibility that additional planets may exist in the host's habitable zone using dynamical arguments. We estimated the spectroscopic contamination level, vsini, activity, stellar parameters and chemical abundances for 249 of the most promising targets. Using these data, we selected 45 stars that match our criteria for detectability of a planet like Earth. The stars presented and discussed in this paper constitute the ESPRESSO GTO catalog for the RV blind search for Earth-class planets. They can also be used for any other work requiring a detailed spectroscopic characterization of stars in the solar neighborhood.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/633/A129
- Title:
- ESPRESSO radial velocities of HE0107-5240
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/633/A129
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The vast majority of the known stars of ultra low metallicity ([Fe/H]<-4.5) are known to be enhanced in carbon, and belong to the 'low-carbon band' (A(C)=log(C/H)+12~7.6). It is generally, although not universally, accepted that this peculiar chemical composition reflects the chemical composition of the gas cloud out of which these stars were formed. The first ultra-metal-poor star discovered, HE 0107-5240, is also enhanced in carbon and belongs to the 'low-carbon band'. It has recently been claimed to be a long-period binary, based on radial velocity measurements. It has also been claimed that this binarity may explain its peculiar composition as being due to mass transfer to a former AGB companion. Theoretically, low-mass ratios in binary systems are much more favoured amongst Pop III stars than they are amongst solar-metallicity stars. Any constraint on the mass ratio of a system of such low metallicity would shed light on the star formation mechanisms in this metallicity regime. We acquired one high precision spectrum with ESPRESSO in order to check the reality of the radial velocity variations. In addition we analysed all the spectra of this star in the ESO archive obtained with UVES to have a set of homogenously measured radial velocities. The radial velocities were measured using cross correlation against a synthetic spectrum template. Due to the weakness of metallic lines in this star, the signal comes only from the CH molecular lines of the G-band. The measurement obtained in 2018 from an ESPRESSO spectrum demonstrates unambiguously that the radial velocity of HE 0107-5240 has increased from 2001 to 2018. Closer inspection of the measurements based on UVES spectra in the interval 2001-2006 show that there is a 96% probability that the radial velocity correlates with time, hence the radial velocity variations can already be suspected from the UVES spectra alone. We confirm the earlier claims of radial velocity variations in HE 0107-5240. The simplest explanation of such variations is that the star is indeed in a binary system with a long period. The nature of the companion is unconstrained and we consider it is equally probable that it is an unevolved companion or a white dwarf. Continued monitoring of the radial velocities of this star is strongly encouraged.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/160/199
- Title:
- Estimated distances for ~12000 galaxies with NED-D
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/160/199
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Numerous research topics rely on an improved cosmic distance scale (e.g., cosmology, gravitational waves) and the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database of Distances (NED-D) supports those efforts by tabulating multiple redshift-independent distances for 12000 galaxies (e.g., Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) zero-point). Six methods for securing a mean estimate distance (MED) from the data are presented (e.g., indicator and Decision Tree). All six MEDs yield surprisingly consistent distances for the cases examined, including for the key benchmark LMC and M106 galaxies. The results underscore the utility of the NED-D MEDs in bolstering the cosmic distance scale and facilitating the identification of systematic trends.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/117/981
- Title:
- Estimation of stellar metal abundance. II.
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/117/981
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We have recalibrated a method for the estimation of stellar metal abundance, parameterized as [Fe/H], based on medium-resolution (1-2{AA}) optical spectra (the majority of which cover the wavelength range 3700-4500{AA}). The equivalent width of the Ca II K line (3933{AA}) as a function of [Fe/H] and broadband B-V color, as predicted from spectrum synthesis and model atmosphere calculations, is compared with observations of 551 stars with high-resolution abundances available from the literature (a sevenfold increase in the number of calibration stars that were previously available). A second method, based on the Fourier autocorrelation function technique first described by Ratnatunga & Freeman (1989, Cat. <V/65>), is used to provide an independent estimate of [Fe/H], as calibrated by comparison with 405 standard-star abundances.
