- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/843/41
- Title:
- HST/WFC3 obs. of z~2-8 galaxies in 4 HFF clusters
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/843/41
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We provide the first observational constraints on the sizes of the faintest galaxies lensed by the Hubble Frontier Fields (HFF) clusters. Ionizing radiation from faint galaxies likely drives cosmic reionization, and the HFF initiative provides a key opportunity to find such galaxies. However, we cannot assess their ionizing emissivity without a robust measurement of their sizes, since this is key to quantifying both their prevalence and the faint- end slope to the UV luminosity function. Here we provide the first size constraints with two new techniques. The first utilizes the fact that the detectability of highly magnified galaxies as a function of shear is very dependent on a galaxy's size. Only the most compact galaxies remain detectable in high-shear regions (versus a larger detectable size range for low shear), a phenomenon we quantify using simulations. Remarkably, however, no correlation is found between the surface density of faint galaxies and the predicted shear, using 87 high-magnification ({mu}=10-100) z~2-8 galaxies seen behind the first four HFF clusters. This can only be the case if faint (~-15mag) galaxies have significantly smaller sizes than more luminous galaxies, i.e., <~30mas or 160-240pc. As a second size probe, we rotate and stack 26 faint high-magnification sources along the major shear axis. Less elongation is found even for objects with an intrinsic half-light radius of 10mas. Together, these results indicate that extremely faint z~2-8 galaxies have near point-source profiles (half-light radii <30mas and perhaps 5-10mas). These results suggest smaller completeness corrections and hence shallower faint-end slopes for the z~2-8 LFs than derived in some recent studies (by {Delta}{alpha}>~0.1-0.3).
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Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/548/127
- Title:
- Hubble Deep Field-South region
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/548/127
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the galaxy-galaxy angular correlations as a function of photometric redshift in a deep, wide galaxy survey centered on the Hubble Deep Field-South (HDF-S). Images were obtained with the Big Throughput Camera on the Blanco 4-m telescope at CTIO, of 1/2 square degree in broadband uBVRI, reaching ~24mag. Approximately 40,000 galaxies are detected in the survey. We determine photometric redshifts using galaxy template fitting to the photometry.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/613/200
- Title:
- Hubble Higher z Supernova Search, HHZSS
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/613/200
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present results from the Hubble Higher z Supernova Search, the first space-based open field survey for supernovae (SNe). In cooperation with the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey, we have used the Hubble Space Telescope with the Advanced Camera for Surveys to cover ~300arcmin^2^ in the area of the Chandra Deep Field South and the Hubble Deep Field North on five separate search epochs (separated by ~45day intervals) to a limiting magnitude of F850LP~26. These deep observations have allowed us to discover 42 SNe in the redshift range 0.2<z<1.6. As these data span a large range in redshift, they are ideal for testing the validity of Type Ia supernova progenitor models with the distribution of expected "delay times" from progenitor star formation to Type Ia SN explosion, and the SN rates these models predict. Through a Bayesian maximum likelihood test, we determine which delay-time models best reproduce the redshift distribution of SNe Ia discovered in this survey. We find that models that require a large fraction of "prompt" (less than 2Gyr) SNe Ia poorly reproduce the observed redshift distribution and are rejected at greater than 95% confidence. We find that Gaussian models best fit the observed data for mean delay times in the range of 2-4Gyr.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/735/L22
- Title:
- HUDF galaxy properties at z~2
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/735/L22
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We use ultra-deep Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Camera 3/infrared imaging of the Hubble Ultra Deep Field to investigate the rest-frame optical morphologies of a mass-selected sample of galaxies at z~2. We find a large variety of galaxy morphologies, ranging from large, blue, disk-like galaxies to compact, red, early-type galaxies. We derive rest-frame u-g color profiles for these galaxies and show that most z~2 galaxies in our sample have negative color gradients such that their cores are red.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/297/617
- Title:
- Hydra/Antlia extension redshifts
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/297/617
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Spectroscopic observations have been carried out for galaxies in the Milky Way with the 1.9m telescope of the South African Astronomical Observatory (SAAO). The galaxies were selected from a deep optical galaxy search covering 266deg<~l<~296deg, |b|<~10deg (Kraan-Korteweg 1994). This is in the extension of the Hydra and Antlia clusters and in the approximate direction of the dipole anisotropy in the Cosmic Microwave Background radiation.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/182/12
- Title:
- ICM entropy profiles (ACCEPT)
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/182/12
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present radial entropy profiles of the intracluster medium (ICM) for a collection of 239 clusters taken from the Chandra X-ray Observatory's Data Archive. We find that most ICM entropy profiles are well fitted by a model which is a power law at large radii and approaches a constant value at small radii: K(r)=K_0_+K_100_(r/100kpc)^{alpha}^, where K_0_ quantifies the typical excess of core entropy above the best-fitting power law found at larger radii. For completeness, we include previously unpublished optical spectroscopy of H{alpha} and [NII] emission lines discussed in Cavagnolo et al. (2008ApJ...683L.107C). All data and results associated with this work are publicly available via the project Web site (ACCEPT: Archive of Chandra Cluster Entropy Profile Tables).
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/873/132
- Title:
- ICRF3 radio-loud quasars with Gaia DR2 data
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/873/132
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We investigate a sample of 3413 International Celestial Reference Frame (ICRF3) extragalactic radio-loud sources with accurate positions determined by very long baseline interferometry in the S/X band, mostly active galactic nuclei and quasars, which are cross-matched with optical sources in the second Gaia data release (Gaia DR2). The main goal of this study is to determine a core sample of astrometric objects that define the mutual orientation of the two fundamental reference frames, the Gaia (optical) and the ICRF3 (radio) frames. The distribution of normalized offsets between the VLBI sources and their optical counterparts is non-Rayleigh, with a deficit around the modal value and a tail extending beyond the 3{sigma} confidence level. A few filters are applied to the sample in order to discard double cross-matches, confusion sources, and Gaia astrometric solutions of doubtful quality. Panoramic Survey Telescope and Rapid Response System and Dark Energy Survey stacked multicolor images are used to further deselect objects that are less suitable for precision astrometry, such as extended galaxies, double and multiple sources, and obvious misidentifications. After this cleaning, 2643 quasars remain, of which 20% still have normalized offset magnitudes exceeding 3, or a 99% confidence level. We publish a list of 2119 radio-loud quasars of prime astrometric quality. The observed dependence of binned median offset on redshift shows the expected decline at small redshifts, but also an unexpected rise at z~1.6, which may be attributed to the emergence of the CIV emission line in the Gaia's G band. The Gaia DR2 parallax zero-point is found to be color-dependent, suggesting an uncorrected instrumental calibration effect.
578. IfA Deep SN rates
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/723/47
- Title:
- IfA Deep SN rates
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/723/47
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The IfA Deep Survey uncovered ~130 thermonuclear supernova (TN SN, i.e., Type Ia) candidates at redshifts from z=0.1 out to beyond z=1. The TN SN explosion rates derived from these data have been controversial, conflicting with evidence emerging from other surveys. This work revisits the IfA Deep Survey to re-evaluate the photometric evidence. Applying the SOFT (Supernova Ontology with Fuzzy Templates) program to the light curves of all SN candidates, we derive new classification grades and redshift estimates. We find a volumetric rate for z~0.5 that is substantially smaller than the originally published values, bringing the revised IfA Deep rate into good agreement with other surveys. With our improved photometric analysis techniques, we are able to confidently extend the rate measurements to higher redshifts and we find a steadily increasing TN SN rate, with no indication of a peak out to z=1.05.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/148/117
- Title:
- Imaging and spectroscopy in Lynx W
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/148/117
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- RX J0848.6+4453 (Lynx W) at redshift 1.27 is part of the Lynx Supercluster of galaxies. We present an analysis of the stellar populations and star formation history for a sample of 24 members of the cluster. Our study is based on deep optical spectroscopy obtained with Gemini North combined with imaging data from Hubble Space Telescope. Focusing on the 13 bulge-dominated galaxies for which we can determine central velocity dispersions, we find that these show a smaller evolution with redshift of sizes and velocity dispersions than reported for field galaxies and galaxies in poorer clusters. Our data show that the galaxies in RX J0848.6+4453 populate the fundamental plane (FP) similar to that found for lower-redshift clusters. The zero-point offset for the FP is smaller than expected if the cluster's galaxies are to evolve passively through the location of the FP we established in our previous work for z=0.8-0.9 cluster galaxies and then to the present-day FP. The FP zero point for RXJ0848.6+4453 corresponds to an epoch of last star formation at z_form_=1.95_-0.15_^+0.22^. Further, we find that the spectra of the galaxies in RXJ0848.6+4453 are dominated by young stellar populations at all galaxy masses and in many cases show emission indicating low-level ongoing star formation. The average age of the young stellar populations as estimated from the strength of the high-order Balmer line H{zeta} is consistent with a major star formation episode 1-2Gyr prior, which in turn agrees with z_form_=1.95. These galaxies dominated by young stellar populations are distributed throughout the cluster. We speculate that low-level star formation has not yet been fully quenched in the center of this cluster, possibly because the cluster is significantly poorer than other clusters previously studied at similar redshifts, which appear to have very little ongoing star formation in their centers. The mixture in RXJ0848.6+4453 of passive galaxies with young stellar populations and massive galaxies still experiencing some star formation appears similar to the galaxy populations recently identified in two z{approx}2 clusters.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/145/77
- Title:
- Imaging and spectroscopy in three galaxy clusters
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/145/77
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present an analysis of stellar populations and evolutionary history of galaxies in three similarly rich galaxy clusters MS0451.6-0305 (z=0.54), RXJ0152.7-1357 (z=0.83), and RXJ1226.9+3332 (z=0.89). Our analysis is based on high signal-to-noise ground-based optical spectroscopy and Hubble Space Telescope imaging for a total of 17-34 members in each cluster. Using the dynamical masses together with the effective radii and the velocity dispersions, we find no indication of evolution of sizes or velocity dispersions with redshift at a given galaxy mass. We establish the Fundamental Plane (FP) and scaling relations between absorption line indices and velocity dispersions. We confirm that the FP is steeper at z~0.86 compared to the low-redshift FP, indicating that under the assumption of passive evolution the formation redshift, z_form_, depends on the galaxy velocity dispersion (or alternatively mass). At a velocity dispersion of {sigma}=125km/s (Mass=10^10.55^M_{sun}_) we find z_form_=1.24+/-0.05, while at {sigma}=225km/s (Mass=10^11.36^M_{sun}_) the formation redshift is z_form_=1.95^+0.3^_-0.2_, for a Salpeter initial mass function. The three clusters follow similar scaling relations between absorption line indices and velocity dispersions as those found for low-redshift galaxies. The zero point offsets for the Balmer lines depend on cluster redshifts. However, the offsets indicate a slower evolution, and therefore higher formation redshift, than the zero point differences found from the FP, if interpreting the data using a passive evolution model. Specifically, the strength of the higher order Balmer lines H{delta} and H{gamma} implies z_form_>2.8. The scaling relations for the metal indices in general show small and in some cases insignificant zero point offsets, favoring high formation redshifts for a passive evolution model.