- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/368/835
- Title:
- Soft X-ray sources in the Galactic Center region
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/368/835
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a catalogue of 107 point-like X-ray sources derived from a systematic analysis of all the ROSAT PSPC observations of the galactic center region performed in 1992-1993. Besides SgrA*, the massive black hole at the galactic center, 41 X-ray sources have been positionally associated with already classified objects. Twenty are identified with foreground stars and five with known Low Mass X-ray Binaries. The majority of the sources in our catalogue still remains unidentified. They are hard and/or severely absorbed and probably represent a large population of X-ray binaries located in the galactic center region, accreting at low accretion rates, and still largely unknown.
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- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/467/585
- Title:
- Sources detected by ISGRI
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/467/585
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- In its first 4 years of observing the sky above 20keV, INTEGRAL-ISGRI has detected 500 sources, around half of which are new or unknown at these energies. Follow-up observations at other wavelengths revealed that some of these sources feature unusually large column densities, long pulsations, and other interesting characteristics. We investigate where new and previously-known sources detected by ISGRI fit in the parameter space of high-energy objects, and we use the parameters to test correlations expected from theoretical predictions. For example, the influence of the local absorbing matter on periodic modulations is studied for Galactic High-Mass X-ray Binaries (HMXBs) with OB supergiant and Be companions. We examine the spatial distribution of different types of sources in the Milky Way using various projections of the Galactic plane, in order to highlight signatures of stellar evolution and to speculate on the origin of the group of sources whose classifications are still uncertain.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/191/340
- Title:
- Southern Cosmology Survey. II.
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/191/340
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a catalog of 105 rich and massive (M>3x10^14^M_{sun}_) optically selected clusters of galaxies extracted from 70deg^2^ of public archival griz imaging from the Blanco 4m telescope acquired over 45 nights between 2005 and 2007. We use the clusters' optically derived properties to estimate photometric redshifts, optical luminosities, richness, and masses. We complement the optical measurements with archival XMM-Newton and ROSAT X-ray data which provide additional luminosity and mass constraints on a modest fraction of the cluster sample. Two of our clusters show clear evidence for central lensing arcs; one of these has a spectacular large diameter, nearly complete Einstein Ring surrounding the brightest cluster galaxy.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/787/107
- Title:
- Spatial structure of young stellar clusters. I.
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/787/107
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The clusters of young stars in massive star-forming regions show a wide range of sizes, morphologies, and numbers of stars. Their highly subclustered structures are revealed by the MYStIX project's sample of 31754 young stars in nearby sites of star formation (regions at distances <3.6kpc that contain at least one O-type star.) In 17 of the regions surveyed by MYStIX, we identify subclusters of young stars using finite mixture models --collections of isothermal ellipsoids that model individual subclusters. Maximum likelihood estimation is used to estimate the model parameters, and the Akaike Information Criterion is used to determine the number of subclusters. This procedure often successfully finds famous subclusters, such as the BN/KL complex behind the Orion Nebula Cluster and the KW-object complex in M17. A catalog of 142 subclusters is presented, with 1-20 subclusters per region. The subcluster core radius distribution for this sample is peaked at 0.17pc with a standard deviation of 0.43dex, and subcluster core radius is negatively correlated with gas/dust absorption of the stars --a possible age effect. Based on the morphological arrangements of subclusters, we identify four classes of spatial structure: long chains of subclusters, clumpy structures, isolated clusters with a core-halo structure, and isolated clusters well fit by a single isothermal ellipsoid.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/393/425
- Title:
- Spectral analysis of Lockman Hole
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/393/425
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the results of the X-ray spectral analysis of the first deep X-ray survey with the XMM-Newton observatory during Performance Verification. The X-ray data of the Lockman Hole field and the derived cumulative source counts were reported by Hasinger et al. (2001A&A...365L..45H). We restrict the analysis to the sample of 98 sources with more than 70 net counts (flux limit in the [0.5-7]keV band of 1.6x10^-15^erg/cm^2^/s) of which 61 have redshift identification. We find no correlation between the spectral index and the intrinsic absorption column density NH and, for both the Type-1 and Type-2 AGN populations, we obtain <Gamma>~=2.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/853/150
- Title:
- Spectral analysis of low-mass X-ray binaries
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/853/150
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- A recent study of a small sample of X-ray binaries (XRBs) suggests a significant softening of spectra of neutron star (NS) binaries as compared to black hole (BH) binaries in the luminosity range 10^34^-10^37^erg/s. This softening is quantified as an anticorrelation between the spectral index and the 0.5-10keV X-ray luminosity. We extend the study to significantly lower luminosities (i.e., ~a few x10^30^erg/s) for a larger sample of XRBs. We find evidence for a significant anticorrelation between the spectral index and the luminosity for a group of NS binaries in the luminosity range 10^32^-10^33^erg/s. Our analysis suggests a steep slope for the correlation i.e., -2.12+/-0.63. In contrast, BH binaries do not exhibit the same behavior. We examine the possible dichotomy between NS and BH binaries in terms of a Comptonization model that assumes a feedback mechanism between an optically thin hot corona and an optically thick cool source of soft photons. We gauge the NS-BH dichotomy by comparing the extracted corona temperatures, Compton-y parameters, and the Comptonization amplification factors: the mean temperature of the NS group is found to be significantly lower than the equivalent temperature for the BH group. The extracted Compton-y parameters and the amplification factors follow the theoretically predicted relation with the spectral index.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/433/1163
- Title:
- Spectral catalog of BeppoSAX blazars
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/433/1163
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a spectral catalog for blazars based on the BeppoSAX archive. The sample includes 44 High-energy peaked BL Lacs (HBLs), 14 Low-energy peaked BL Lacs (LBLs), and 28 Flat Spectrum Radio Quasars (FSRQs). A total of 168 LECS, MECS, and PDS spectra were analyzed, corresponding to observations taken in the period 1996-2002. The 0.1-50keV continuum of LBLs and FSRQs is generally fitted by a single power law with Galactic column density.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/471/364
- Title:
- Spectral curvature values for AGN sample
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/471/364
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- To fully understand cosmic black hole growth, we need to constrain the population of heavily obscured active galactic nuclei (AGNs) at the peak of cosmic black hole growth (z~1-3). Sources with obscuring column densities higher than 10^24^atoms/cm^2^, called Compton-thick (CT) AGNs, can be identified by excess X-ray emission at ~20-30keV, called the 'Compton hump'. We apply the recently developed Spectral Curvature (SC) method to high-redshift AGNs (2<z<5) detected with Chandra. This method parametrizes the characteristic 'Compton hump' feature cosmologically redshifted into the X-ray band at observed energies <10 keV. We find good agreement in CT AGNs found using the SC method, and bright sources fit using their full spectrum with X-ray spectroscopy. In the Chandra Deep Field-South, we measure a CT fraction of 17^+19^_-11_% (3/17) for sources with observed luminosity >5x10^43^erg/s. In the Cosmological Evolution Survey (COSMOS), we find an observed CT fraction of 15^+4^_-3_% (40/272) or 32+/-11 per cent when corrected for the survey sensitivity. When comparing to low redshift AGNs with similar X-ray luminosities, our results imply that the CT AGN fraction is consistent with having no redshift evolution. Finally, we provide SC equations that can be used to find high-redshift CT AGNs (z>1) for current (XMM-Newton) and future (eROSITA and ATHENA) X-ray missions.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/224/26
- Title:
- Spectral energy distributions of Roma BZCAT blazars
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/224/26
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We combined multi-wavelength data for blazars from the Roma-BZCAT catalog and analyzed hundreds of X-ray spectra. We present the fluxes and spectral energy distributions (SEDs), in 12 frequency bands from radio to {gamma}-rays, for a final sample of 2214 blazars. Using a model-independent statistical approach, we looked for systematic trends in the SEDs; the most significant trends involved the radio luminosities and X-ray spectral indices of the blazars. We used a principal component analysis (PCA) to determine the basis vectors of the blazar SEDs and, in order to maximize the size of the sample, imputed missing fluxes using the K-nearest neighbors method. Using more than an order of magnitude more data than was available when Fossati et al. first reported trends of SED shape with blazar luminosity, we confirmed the anti-correlation between radio luminosity and synchrotron peak frequency, although with greater scatter than was seen in the smaller sample. The same trend can be seen between bolometric luminosity and synchrotron peak frequency. Finally, we used all of the available blazar data to determine an empirical SED description that depends only on the radio luminosity at 1.4GHz and the redshift. We verified that this statistically significant relation was not a result of the luminosity-luminosity correlations that are natural in flux-limited samples (i.e., where the correlation is actually caused by the redshift rather than the luminosity).
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/664/458
- Title:
- Spectral fit of ULX sources
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/664/458
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Data from Chandra observations of 30 nearby galaxies were analyzed and 365 X-ray point sources were chosen whose spectra were not contaminated by excessive diffuse emission and not affected by photon pileup. The spectra of these sources were fitted using two spectral models (an absorbed power-law and a disk blackbody) to ascertain the dependence of estimated parameters on the spectral model used. It was found that the cumulative luminosity function depends on the choice of the spectral model, especially for luminosities >10^40^ergs/s. A large number (~80) of the sources have luminosities >10^39^ergs/s (ultraluminous X-ray sources) with indistinguishable average spectral parameters (inner disk temperature ~1keV and/or photon index GAMMA~2) with those of the lower luminosity ones.
