- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/362/799
- Title:
- The BeppoSAX 2-10 keV Survey
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/362/799
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the results of a 2-10keV BeppoSAX survey based on 140 high galactic latitude MECS fields, 12 of which are deep exposures of ``blank'' parts of the sky. The limiting sensitivity is 5x10^-14^erg/cm^2^/s where about 25% of the Cosmic X-ray Background (CXB) is resolved into discrete sources. The logN-logS function, built with a statistically complete sample of 177 sources, is steep and in good agreement with the counts derived from ASCA surveys.
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- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/195/10
- Title:
- The CDF-S survey: 4Ms source catalogs
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/195/10
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present source catalogs for the 4Ms Chandra Deep Field-South (CDF-S), which is the deepest Chandra survey to date and covers an area of 464.5arcmin^2^. We provide a main Chandra source catalog, which contains 740 X-ray sources that are detected with wavdetect at a false-positive probability threshold of 10^-5^ in at least one of three X-ray bands (0.5-8keV, full band; 0.5-2keV, soft band; and 2-8keV, hard band) and also satisfy a binomial-probability source-selection criterion of P<0.004 (i.e., the probability of sources not being real is less than 0.004); this approach is designed to maximize the number of reliable sources detected. A total of 300 main-catalog sources are new compared to the previous 2Ms CDF-S main-catalog sources. We determine X-ray source positions using centroid and matched-filter techniques and obtain a median positional uncertainty of ~0.42". We also provide a supplementary catalog, which consists of 36 sources that are detected with wavdetect at a false-positive probability threshold of 10^-5^, satisfy the condition of 0.004<P<0.1, and have an optical counterpart with R<24. Multiwavelength identifications, basic optical/infrared/radio photometry, and spectroscopic/photometric redshifts are provided for the X-ray sources in the main and supplementary catalogs. Seven hundred sixteen (~97%) of the 740 main-catalog sources have multiwavelength counterparts, with 673 (~94% of 716) having either spectroscopic or photometric redshifts. Basic analyses of the X-ray and multiwavelength properties of the sources indicate that >75% of the main-catalog sources are active galactic nuclei (AGNs); of the 300 new main-catalog sources, about 35% are likely normal and starburst galaxies, reflecting the rise of normal and starburst galaxies at the very faint flux levels uniquely accessible to the 4Ms CDF-S.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/B/chandra
- Title:
- The Chandra Archive Log
- Short Name:
- B/chandra
- Date:
- 07 Mar 2022 06:17:49
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The Chandra X-Ray Observatory (CXO) is a high-resolution (< 0.5 arcsecond) X-ray telescope with a suite of advanced imaging and spectroscopic instruments. The Observatory was successfully launched by NASA's Space Shuttle Columbia on July 23, 1999. Chandra was designed to provide order-of-magnitude advances over previous X-ray astronomy missions with regards to spatial and spectral resolution. The High Resolution Mirror Assembly (HRMA) produces images with a half-power diameter (HPD) of the point spread function (PSF) of < 0.5 arcsec. Chandra has two focal plane science instruments, i) The Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer (ACIS), and ii) The High Resolution Camera (HRC). ACIS is comprised of two CCD arrays, a 4-chip array, ACIS-I ; and a 6-chip array, ACIS-S . ACIS-I was designed for CCD imaging and spectrometry; ACIS-S can be used both for CCD imaging spectrometry and also for high-resolution spectroscopy in conjunction with the HETG grating. A mix of ACIS-S and ACIS-I chips (up to six) may be used for imaging observations. The HRC is comprised of two microchannel plate (MCP ) imaging detectors: the HRC-I designed for wide-field imaging; and, HRC-S designed to serve as a readout for the LETG . The grating systems consist of the Low Energy Transmission Grating (LETG) and the High Energy Transmission Grating (HETG). The HETG , when operated with the HRMA and the ACIS-S , forms the High-Energy Transmission Grating Spectrometer (HETGS ) for high resolution spectroscopy . The HETGS achieves resolving power up to 1000 in the band between 0.4 keV and 10.0 keV. The LETG when operated with the HRC-S , forms the Low Energy Transmission Grating Spectrometer (LETGS ). The LETGS provides the highest spectral resolution on Chandra at low (0.08 - 0.2 keV) energies. This catalogue is a copy of the Chandra Observation Catalog from the Chandra Data Archive (CDA) which is part of the Chandra X-Ray Observatory Science Center (CXC) which is operated for NASA by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/201/30
- Title:
- The Chandra COSMOS survey. III.
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/201/30
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The Chandra COSMOS Survey (C-COSMOS) is a large, 1.8Ms, Chandra program that has imaged the central 0.9deg^2^ of the COSMOS field down to limiting depths of 1.9x10^-16^erg/cm^2^/s in the soft (0.5-2keV) band, 7.3x10^-16^erg/cm^2^/s in the hard (2-10keV) band, and 5.7x10^-16^erg/cm^2^/s in the full (0.5-10keV) band. In this paper we report the i, K, and 3.6um identifications of the 1761 X-ray point sources. We use the likelihood ratio technique to derive the association of optical/infrared counterparts for 97% of the X-ray sources. For most of the remaining 3%, the presence of multiple counterparts or the faintness of the possible counterpart prevented a unique association. For only 10 X-ray sources we were not able to associate a counterpart, mostly due to the presence of a very bright field source close by. Only two sources are truly empty fields. The full catalog, including spectroscopic and photometric redshifts and classification described here in detail, is available online.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/126/539
- Title:
- The Chandra Deep Fields North and South
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/126/539
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present point-source catalogs for the ~2Ms exposure of the Chandra Deep Field North, currently the deepest X-ray observation of the universe in the 0.5-8.0keV band. Five hundred and three (503) X-ray sources are detected over an ~448arcmin^2^ area in up to seven X-ray bands. Twenty (20) of these X-ray sources lie in the central 5.3 arcmin^2^ Hubble Deep Field North (13600^+3800^_-3000_sources/deg^2^). The on-axis sensitivity limits are 2.5x10^-17^ergs/cm^2^/s (0.5-2.0keV) and 1.4x10^-16^ergs/cm^2^/s (2-8keV). Source positions are determined using matched-filter and centroiding techniques; the median positional uncertainty is ~0.3". To allow consistent comparisons, the point-source catalogs for the 1Ms Chandra Deep Field South (CDF-S; see Cat. J/ApJS/139/369) have also been produced. Three hundred and twenty-six (326) X-ray sources are included in the main Chandra South catalog, and an additional 42 optically bright X-ray sources are included in a lower significance Chandra catalog. We find good agreement with the photometry of the previously published CDF-S catalogs; however, we provide significantly improved positional accuracy.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/IX/57
- Title:
- The Chandra Source Catalog (CSC), Release 2.0
- Short Name:
- IX/57
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The Chandra Source Catalog (CSC) is the definitive catalog of X-ray sources detected by the Chandra X-ray Observatory. By combining Chandra's sub-arcsecond on-axis spatial resolution and low instrumental background with consistent data processing, the CSC delivers a wide variety of uniformly calibrated properties and science ready data products for detected sources over four decades of flux. The second major release of the catalog, CSC 2.0, includes measured properties for 317,167 unique compact and extended X-ray sources in the sky, allowing statistical analysis of large samples, as well as individual source studies. The sensitivity limit for compact sources in CSC 2.0 is ~5 net counts (a factor of >~2 better than the previous catalog release). This improvement is achieved by using a two-stage approach that involves co-adding multiple observations of the same field prior to source detection, and then using an optimized source detection method.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/IX/45
- Title:
- The Chandra Source Catalog, Release 1.1
- Short Name:
- IX/45
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The Chandra Source Catalog (CSC) is a general purpose virtual X-ray astrophysics facility that provides access to a carefully selected set of generally useful quantities for individual X-ray sources, and is designed to satisfy the needs of a broad-based group of scientists, including those who may be less familiar with astronomical data analysis in the X-ray regime. The first release of the CSC includes information about 94,676 distinct X-ray sources detected in a subset of public Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer imaging observations from roughly the first eight years of the Chandra mission. This release of the catalog includes point and compact sources with observed spatial extents <~30''. The catalog (1) provides access to the best estimates of the X-ray source properties for detected sources, with good scientific fidelity, and directly supports scientific analysis using the individual source data; (2) facilitates analysis of a wide range of statistical properties for classes of X-ray sources; and (3) provides efficient access to calibrated observational data and ancillary data products for individual X-ray sources, so that users can perform detailed further analysis using existing tools. The catalog includes real X-ray sources detected with flux estimates that are at least 3 times their estimated 1-{sigma} uncertainties in at least one energy band, while maintaining the number of spurious sources at a level of <~1 false source per field for a 100ks observation. For each detected source, the CSC provides commonly tabulated quantities, including source position, extent, multi-band fluxes, hardness ratios, and variability statistics, derived from the observations in which the source is detected. In addition to these traditional catalog elements, for each X-ray source the CSC includes an extensive set of file-based data products that can be manipulated interactively, including source images, event lists, light curves, and spectra from each observation in which a source is detected.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/236/48
- Title:
- The Chandra UDS survey (X-UDS)
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/236/48
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the X-UDS survey, a set of wide and deep Chandra observations of the Subaru-XMM Deep/UKIDSS Ultra Deep Survey (SXDS/UDS) field. The survey consists of 25 observations that cover a total area of 0.33deg^2^. The observations are combined to provide a nominal depth of ~600ks in the central 100arcmin^2^ region of the field that has been imaged with Hubble/WFC3 by the CANDELS survey and ~200ks in the remainder of the field. In this paper, we outline the survey's scientific goals, describe our observing strategy, and detail our data reduction and point source detection algorithms. Our analysis has resulted in a total of 868 band-merged point sources detected with a false-positive Poisson probability of <1x10^-4^. In addition, we present the results of an X-ray spectral analysis and provide best-fitting neutral hydrogen column densities, N_H_, as well as a sample of 51 Compton-thick active galactic nucleus candidates. Using this sample, we find the intrinsic Compton-thick fraction to be 30%-35% over a wide range in redshift (z=0.1-3), suggesting the obscured fraction does not evolve very strongly with epoch. However, if we assume that the Compton-thick fraction is dependent on luminosity, as is seen for Compton-thin sources, then our results are consistent with a rise in the obscured fraction out to z~3. Finally, an examination of the host morphologies of our Compton-thick candidates shows a high fraction of morphological disturbances, in agreement with our previous results.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/224/24
- Title:
- The COSMOS2015 catalog
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/224/24
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the COSMOS2015 catalog, which contains precise photometric redshifts and stellar masses for more than half a million objects over the 2deg^2^ COSMOS field. Including new YJHKs images from the UltraVISTA-DR2 survey, Y-band images from Subaru/Hyper-Suprime-Cam, and infrared data from the Spitzer Large Area Survey with the Hyper-Suprime-Cam (SPLASH) Spitzer legacy program, this near-infrared-selected catalog is highly optimized for the study of galaxy evolution and environments in the early universe. To maximize catalog completeness for bluer objects and at higher redshifts, objects have been detected on a {chi}^2^ sum of the YJHKs and z^++^ images. The catalog contains ~6x10^5^ objects in the 1.5deg^2^ UltraVISTA-DR2 region and ~1.5x10^5^ objects are detected in the "ultra-deep stripes" (0.62deg^2^) at Ks<=24.7 (3{sigma}, 3", AB (AB) magnitude). Through a comparison with the zCOSMOS-bright spectroscopic redshifts, we measure a photometric redshift precision of {sigma}_{Delta}z/(1+zs)_=0.007 and a catastrophic failure fraction of {eta}=0.5%. At 3<z<6 , using the unique database of spectroscopic redshifts in COSMOS, we find {sigma}_{Delta}z/(1+zs)_=0.021 and {eta}=13.2% . The deepest regions reach a 90% completeness limit of 10^10^M_{sun}_ to z=4. Detailed comparisons of the color distributions, number counts, and clustering show excellent agreement with the literature in the same mass ranges. COSMOS2015 represents a unique, publicly available, valuable resource with which to investigate the evolution of galaxies within their environment back to the earliest stages of the history of the universe.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/819/62
- Title:
- The COSMOS-Legacy Survey (CLS) catalog
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/819/62
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The COSMOS-Legacy survey is a 4.6Ms Chandra program that has imaged 2.2deg^2^ of the COSMOS field with an effective exposure of ~160ks over the central 1.5deg^2^ and of ~80ks in the remaining area. The survey is the combination of 56 new observations obtained as an X-ray Visionary Project with the previous C-COSMOS survey. We describe the reduction and analysis of the new observations and the properties of 2273 point sources detected above a spurious probability of 2x10^-5^. We also present the updated properties of the C-COSMOS sources detected in the new data. The whole survey includes 4016 point sources (3814, 2920 and 2440 in the full, soft, and hard band). The limiting depths are 2.2x10^-16^, 1.5x10^-15^, and 8.9x10^-16^erg/cm^2^/s in the 0.5-2, 2-10, and 0.5-10keV bands, respectively. The observed fraction of obscured active galactic nuclei with a column density >10^22^/cm^2^ from the hardness ratio (HR) is ~50^+17^_-16_%. Given the large sample we compute source number counts in the hard and soft bands, significantly reducing the uncertainties of 5%-10%. For the first time we compute number counts for obscured (HR>-0.2) and unobscured (HR<-0.2) sources and find significant differences between the two populations in the soft band. Due to the unprecedent large exposure, COSMOS-Legacy area is three times larger than surveys at similar depths and its depth is three times fainter than surveys covering similar areas. The area-flux region occupied by COSMOS-Legacy is likely to remain unsurpassed for years to come.
