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16611. Variability of FBS blue stellar objects
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/415/1061
Title:
Variability of FBS blue stellar objects
Short Name:
J/MNRAS/415/1061
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
A new method for combined calculations of magnitudes based on accurate measurements of POSS1 and POSS2 epoch plates is given. The photometric accuracy of various surveys and catalogs has been estimated and established and statistical weights for each of them have been calculated. To achieve the best possible magnitudes, weighted averaging of data from USNO-A2.0, APM, MAPS, USNO-B1.0, and GSC 2.3.2 catalogs have been used. The rms accuracy of magnitudes achieved for POSS1 is 0.184 mag for B and 0.173 mag for R and for POSS2 is 0.138 mag for B and 0.128 mag for R. We have derived the best POSS1 and POSS2 magnitudes for the FBS blue stellar objects. We have refined the transformation formulae between the POSS1 and POSS2 magnitudes and SDSS ones and standard UBV system. Using these accurate magnitudes, we have estimated the variability of the FBS blue stellar objects and revealed probable and possible variables. We have worked out methods to control and exclude accidental errors that appear in any survey. We have compared and combined our results with those given in NSVS database and obtained better candidates for variability. Having excluded variables, we have combined POSS1 and POSS2 data for the rest of objects to achieve even better magnitudes and colors; the rms being smaller than 0.1 mag both in B and R and for the B-R colors. This approach has been applied to the First Byurakan Survey blue stellar objects containing significant number of white dwarfs, cataclysmic variables, as well as extragalactic objects (quasars, Seyferts, BL Lac objects). Altogether 336 variable objects have been revealed with POSS2-POSS1 >= 3{sigma} of the errors. An electronic table of these objects is given. Candidate variables are divided into 4 classes: extreme, strong, probable and possible variables. For a more reliable sample of variable objects we excluded possible ones from the list and were left with 161 objects. Analyzing radio and X-ray properties of these objects, we have revealed their nature and re-discovered or revealed candidate AGN, CVs, WDs and other objects.
16612. Variability of gamma-ray sources
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/370/468
Title:
Variability of gamma-ray sources
Short Name:
J/A+A/370/468
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
We present a study of 40 low-latitude unidentified 3EG gamma-ray sources which were found to be not positionally coincident with any known class of potential gamma-ray emitters in the Galaxy (Romero et al., 1999A&A...348..868R). We have performed a variability analysis which reveals that many of these 40 sources are variable. These sources have, in addition, a steep mean value of the gamma-ray spectral index, <{Gamma}>=2.41+/-0.2, which, combined with the high level of variability, seems to rule out a pulsar origin. The positional coincidences with uncatalogued candidates to supernova remnants were also studied. Only 7 sources in the sample are spatially coincident with these candidates, a result that is shown to be consistent with the expected level of pure chance association. A complementary search for weak radio counterparts was also conducted and the results are presented as an extensive table containing all significant point-like radio sources within the 40 EGRET fields. We argue that in order to produce the high variability, steep gamma-ray spectra, and absence of strong radio counterparts observed in some of the gamma-ray sources of our sample, a new class of objects should be postulated, and we analyze a viable candidate.
16613. Variability of LMC semiregular variables
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/660/1486
Title:
Variability of LMC semiregular variables
Short Name:
J/ApJ/660/1486
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
Observational arguments supporting the binary explanation of the long secondary period (LSP) phenomenon in red giants are presented. Photometry of about 1200 semiregular variables with LSPs in the Large Magellanic Cloud is analyzed using the MACHO and OGLE photometry. For about 5% of these objects, additional ellipsoidal-like or eclipsing-like modulation with the same periods as the LSP is detectable. These double-humped variations are usually shifted in phase compared to LSP light curves. I discuss the model of a binary system with a red giant as the primary component and a low-mass object as the secondary. The mass lost by the red giant through the wind follows a spiral pattern in the orbit around the primary star and obscures it, causing LSP variations.
16614. Variability of low-mass stars in SDSS Stripe 82
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/731/17
Title:
Variability of low-mass stars in SDSS Stripe 82
Short Name:
J/ApJ/731/17
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
We present a catalog of periodic stellar variability in the "Stripe 82" region of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. After aggregating and re-calibrating catalog-level data from the survey, we ran a period-finding algorithm (Supersmoother) on all point-source light curves. We used color selection to identify systems that are likely to contain low-mass stars, in particular M dwarfs and white dwarfs. In total, we found 207 candidates, the vast majority of which appear to be in eclipsing binary systems. The catalog described in this paper includes 42 candidate M dwarf/white dwarf pairs, four white dwarf pairs, 59 systems whose colors indicate they are composed of two M dwarfs and whose light-curve shapes suggest they are in detached eclipsing binaries, and 28 M dwarf systems whose light-curve shapes suggest they are in contact binaries. We find no detached systems with periods longer than 3 days, thus the majority of our sources are likely to have experienced orbital spin-up and enhanced magnetic activity.
16615. Variability of luminous stars in LMC
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/140/14
Title:
Variability of luminous stars in LMC
Short Name:
J/AJ/140/14
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
Motivated by the detection of a recent outburst of the massive luminous blue variable LMC-R71, which reached an absolute magnitude M_V_=-9.3mag, we undertook a systematic study of the optical variability of 1268 massive stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud, using a recent catalog by Bonanos et al. (2009, Cat. J/AJ/138/1003) as the input. The ASAS All Star Catalog provided well-sampled light curves of these bright stars spanning 10 years. Combining the two catalogs resulted in 599 matches, on which we performed a variability search. We identified 117 variable stars, 38 of which were not known before, despite their brightness and large amplitude of variation. We found 13 periodic stars that we classify as eclipsing binary (EB) stars, 8 of which are newly discovered bright massive EBs composed of OB-type stars. The remaining 104 variables are either semi- or non-periodic, the majority (85) being red supergiants (RSGs). Most (26) of the newly discovered variables in this category are also RSGs with only three B and four O stars.
16616. Variability of OB stars
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/639/A81
Title:
Variability of OB stars
Short Name:
J/A+A/639/A81
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
The lack of high-precision long-term continuous photometric data for large samples of stars has impeded the large-scale exploration of pulsational variability in the OB star regime. As a result, the candidates for in-depth asteroseismic modelling have remained limited to a few dozen dwarfs. The TESS nominal space mission has surveyed the southern sky, including parts of the galactic plane, yielding continuous data across at least 27d for hundreds of OB stars. We aim to couple TESS data in the southern sky with ground-based spectroscopy to study the variability in two dimensions, mass and evolution. We focus mainly on the presence of coherent pulsation modes that may or may not be present in the predicted theoretical instability domains and unravel all frequency behaviour in the amplitude spectra of the TESS data. We compose a sample of 98 OB-type stars observed by TESS in Sectors 1-13 and with available multi-epoch, high-resolution spectroscopy gathered by the IACOB and OWN surveys. We present the short-cadence 2 min light curves of dozens of OB-type stars, which have one or more spectra in the IACOB or OWN database. Based on these light curves and their Lomb-Scargle periodograms, we performed variability classification and frequency analysis. We placed the stars in the spectroscopic Hertzsprung-Russell diagram to interpret the variability in an evolutionary context. We deduce the diverse origins of the mmag-level variability found in all of the 98 OB stars in the TESS data. We find among the sample several new variable stars, including three hybrid pulsators, three eclipsing binaries, high frequency modes in a Be star, and potential heat-driven pulsations in two Oe stars. We identify stars for which future asteroseismic modelling is possible, provided mode identification is achieved. By comparing the position of the variables to theoretical instability strips, we discuss the current shortcomings in non-adiabatic pulsation theory and the distribution of pulsators in the upper Hertzsprung-Russell diagram.
16617. Variability of optically selected quasars
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/268/305
Title:
Variability of optically selected quasars
Short Name:
J/MNRAS/268/305
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
The variability properties of a sample of ~300 optically selected quasars near the South Galactic Pole (SGP) have been studied over a baseline of 16 years using a series of twelve UK Schmidt Telescope B_J_ plates at seven epochs. In this sample there is a correlation between variability and both quasar luminosity and redshift, at greater than the 99 per cent significance level. Quasars of high luminosity show significantly less variability than those with low luminosity, the rms variation ranging from about 0.25mag at M_B_=-23 to 0.1mag at M_B_=-28. The observed trends can be explained by an intrinsic dependence of quasar variability on luminosity combined with the effects of time dilation, and have implications for quasar samples selected by variability or multicolour techniques. The change in the slope of the n(m) relation at the break can be less pronounced in variability-selected samples. Our results can be used to test models for the origin and reprocessing of the continuum emission in quasars.
16618. Variability of point sources in infrared
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/134/2099
Title:
Variability of point sources in infrared
Short Name:
J/AJ/134/2099
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
We present a list of 552 sources with suspected variability, based on a comparison of mid-infrared photometry from the GLIMPSE I and Midcourse Space Experiment (MSX) surveys, which were carried out nearly a decade apart. We were careful to address issues such as the difference in resolution and sensitivity between the two surveys, as well as the differences in the spectral responses of the instruments. We selected only sources where the IRAC 8.0um and MSX 8.28um fluxes differ by more than a factor of 2, in order to minimize contamination from sources where the difference in fluxes at 8um is due to a strong 10um silicate feature. We present a subset of 40 sources for which additional evidence suggests variability, using 2MASS and MIPSGAL data. Based on a comparison with the variability flags in the IRAS and MSX point-source catalogs we estimate that at least a quarter of the 552 sources and at least half of the 40 sources in the subset are truly variable. In addition, we tentatively confirm the variability of one source using multiepoch IRAS LRS spectra. We suggest that most of the sources in our list are likely to be asymptotic giant branch stars.
16619. Variability of radio-bright BL Lac objects
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/137/5022
Title:
Variability of radio-bright BL Lac objects
Short Name:
J/AJ/137/5022
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
Radio-bright BL Lacertae objects (BLOs) are typically very variable and exhibit prominent flaring. We use a sample of 24 BLOs, regularly monitored at Metsahovi Radio Observatory, to get a clear idea of their flaring behavior in the radio domain and to find possible commonalities in their variability patterns. Our goal was to compare the results given by computational timescales and the observed variability parameters determined directly from the flux curves. Also, we wanted to find out if the BLO flares adhere to the generalized shock model, which gives a schematic explanation for the physical process giving rise to the variability. We use long-term monitoring data from 4.8, 8, 14.5, 22, 37, 90, and 230GHz, obtained mainly from the University of Michigan and Metsahovi Radio Observatories. The structure function, discrete correlation function, and Lomb-Scargle periodogram timescales, calculated in a previous study, are analyzed in more detail. Also, we determine flare durations, rise and decay times, and absolute and relative peak fluxes from the monitoring data.
16620. Variability of RSGs in M31 from the iPTF survey
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/859/73
Title:
Variability of RSGs in M31 from the iPTF survey
Short Name:
J/ApJ/859/73
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
Most massive stars end their lives as red supergiants (RSGs), a short-lived evolutionary phase when they are known to pulsate with varying amplitudes. The RSG period-luminosity (PL) relation has been measured in the Milky Way, the Magellanic Clouds and M33 for about 120 stars in total. Using over 1500 epochs of R-band monitoring from the Palomar Transient Factory survey over a five-year period, we study the variability of 255 spectroscopically cataloged RSGs in M31. We find that all RGSs brighter than M_K_~-10mag (log(L/L_{sun}_)>4.8) are variable at {Delta}m_R_>0.05mag. Our period analysis finds 63 with significant pulsation periods. Using the periods found and the known values of M_K_ for these stars, we derive the RSG PL relation in M31 and show that it is consistent with those derived earlier in other galaxies of different metallicities. We also detect, for the first time, a sequence of likely first-overtone pulsations. Comparison to stellar evolution models from MESA confirms the first-overtone hypothesis and indicates that the variable stars in this sample have 12M_{sun}_<M<24M_{sun}_. As these RSGs are the immediate progenitors to Type II-P core-collapse supernovae (SNe), we also explore the implication of their variability in the initial-mass estimates for SN progenitors based on archival images of the progenitors. We find that this effect is small compared to the present measurement errors.

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