- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/427/3209
- Title:
- Galactic and MC O-AGBs and RSGs stars
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/427/3209
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We investigate the occurrence of crystalline silicates in oxygen-rich evolved stars across a range of metallicities and mass-loss rates. It has been suggested that the crystalline silicate feature strength increases with increasing mass-loss rate, implying a correlation between lattice structure and wind density. To test this, we analyse Spitzer Infrared Spectrograph and Infrared Space Observatory Short Wavelength Spectrometer spectra of 217 oxygen-rich asymptotic giant branch and 98 red supergiants in the Milky Way, the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds, and Galactic globular clusters. These encompass a range of spectral morphologies from the spectrally rich which exhibit a wealth of crystalline and amorphous silicate features to 'naked' (dust-free) stars. We combine spectroscopic and photometric observations with the GRAMS grid of radiative transfer models to derive (dust) mass-loss rates and temperature. We then measure the strength of the crystalline silicate bands at 23, 28 and 33{mu}m. We detect crystalline silicates in stars with dust mass-loss rates which span over 3dex, down to rates of ~10^-9^M_{sun}_/yr. Detections of crystalline silicates are more prevalent in higher mass-loss rate objects, though the highest mass-loss rate objects do not show the 23-{mu}m feature, possibly due to the low temperature of the forsterite grains or it may indicate that the 23-{mu}m band is going into absorption due to high column density. Furthermore, we detect a change in the crystalline silicate mineralogy with metallicity, with enstatite seen increasingly at low metallicity.
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Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/724/748
- Title:
- Galactic anticenter PNe and oxygen abundance
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/724/748
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We have obtained spectrophotometric observations of 41 anticenter planetary nebulae (PNe) located in the disk of the Milky Way. Electron temperatures and densities, as well as chemical abundances for He, N, O, Ne, S, Cl, and Ar were determined. Incorporating these results into our existing database of PN abundances (Henry et al., 2004AJ....127.2284H, Milingo et al., 2010, Cat. J/ApJ/711/619) yielded a sample of 124 well-observed objects with homogeneously determined abundances extending from 0.9 to 21kpc in galactocentric distance. We performed a detailed regression analysis which accounted for uncertainties in both oxygen abundances and radial distances in order to establish the metallicity gradient across the disk to be 12+log(O/H)=(9.09+/-0.05)-(0.058+/-0.006)xR_g_, with R_g_ in kpc. While we see some evidence that the gradient steepens at large galactocentric distances, more objects toward the anticenter need to be observed in order to confidently establish the true form of the metallicity gradient.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/473/3671
- Title:
- Galactic bubble infrared fluxes
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/473/3671
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- In this paper, we present the first extended catalogue of far-infrared fluxes of Galactic bubbles. Fluxes were estimated for 1814 bubbles, defined here as the 'golden sample', and were selected from the Milky Way Project First Data Release (Simpson et al., 2012MNRAS.424.2442S, Cat. J/MNRAS/424/2442) The golden sample was comprised of bubbles identified within the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) dataset (using 12- and 22-um images) and Herschel data (using 70-, 160-, 250-, 350- and 500-um wavelength images). Flux estimation was achieved initially via classical aperture photometry and then by an alternative image analysis algorithm that used active contours. The accuracy of the two methods was tested by comparing the estimated fluxes for a sample of bubbles, made up of 126 HII regions and 43 planetary nebulae, which were identified by Anderson et al. The results of this paper demonstrate that a good agreement between the two was found. This is by far the largest and most homogeneous catalogue of infrared fluxes measured for Galactic bubbles and it is a step towards the fully automated analysis of astronomical datasets.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/440/365
- Title:
- Galactic Bulge accreting binaries spectroscopy
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/440/365
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the identification of optical counterparts to 23 GBS X-ray sources. All sources are classified as accreting binaries according to the emission-line characteristics inferred from medium-resolution spectroscopy. To distinguish accreting binaries from chromospherically active objects, we develop criteria based on H{alpha} and HeI {lambda}{lambda}5786, 6678 emission-line properties available in the literature. The spectroscopic properties and photometric variability of each object is discussed and a classification is given where possible. At least 12 of the 23 systems show an accretion-dominated optical spectrum and another 6 show stellar absorption features in addition to emission lines indicating that they are probably accreting binaries in quiescence or in a low accretion rate state. Two sources are confirmed to be eclipsing: CX207 and CX794. CX207 is likely a magnetic cataclysmic variable (CV), while CX794 is a nova-like CV in the period gap. Finally, the large broadening (2100km/s FWHM) of the H{alpha} emission lines in CX446 and CX1004 suggests that they are also high-inclination or even eclipsing systems. Whether the compact object is a white dwarf in an eclipsing CV, a neutron star or a black hole in a high-inclination low-mass X-ray binary remains to be established.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AcA/66/405
- Title:
- Galactic bulge eclipsing & ellipsoidal binaries
- Short Name:
- J/AcA/66/405
- Date:
- 25 Oct 2021 09:34:13
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a collection of 450598 eclipsing and ellipsoidal binary systems detected in the OGLE fields toward the Galactic bulge. The collection consists of binary systems of all types: detached, semi-detached, and contact eclipsing binaries, RS CVn stars, cataclysmic variables, HWVir binaries, double periodic variables, and even planetary transits. For all stars we provide the I- and V-band time-series photometry obtained during the OGLE-II, OGLE-III, and OGLE-IV surveys. We discuss methods used to identify binary systems in the OGLE data and present several objects of particular interest.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/579/A76
- Title:
- Galactic bulge extremely reddened AGB
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/579/A76
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Extremely reddened asymptotic giant branch stars (AGB) lose mass at high rates of >10^-5^M_{sun}_/yr. This is the very last stage of AGB evolution, in which stars in the mass range ~2.0-4.0M_{sun}_ (for solar metallicity) should have been converted to C stars already. The extremely reddened AGB stars in the Galactic bulge are however predominantly O-rich, implying that they might be either low-mass stars or stars at the upper end of the AGB mass range. Our goal is to determine the mass range of the most reddened AGB stars in the Galactic bulge. Using Virtual Observatory tools, we constructed spectral energy distributions of a sample of 37 evolved stars in the Galactic bulge with extremely red IRAS colours. We fitted DUSTY models to the observational data to infer the bolometric fluxes. Applying individual corrections for interstellar extinction and adopting a common distance, we determined luminosities and mass-loss rates, and inferred the progenitor mass range from comparisons with AGB evolutionary models. The observed spectral energy distributions are consistent with a classification as reddened AGB stars, except for two stars, which are proto-planetary nebula candidates. For the AGB stars, we found luminosities in the range ~3000-30000L_{sun}_ and mass-loss rates ~10^-5^-3x10^-4^M_{sun}_/yr. The corresponding mass range is ~1.1-6.0M_{sun}_ assuming solar metallicity. Contrary to the predictions of the evolutionary models, the luminosity distribution is continuous, with many O-rich AGB stars in the mass range in which they should have been converted into C stars already. We suspect that bulge AGB stars have higher than solar metallicity and therefore may avoid the conversion to C-rich. The presence of low-mass stars in the sample shows that their termination of the AGB evolution also occurs during a final phase of very high mass-loss rate, leading to optically thick circumstellar shells.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/614/A149
- Title:
- 417 Galactic bulge red giant O & Zn abund.
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/614/A149
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Oxygen and zinc in the Galactic bulge are key elements for the understanding of the bulge chemical evolution. Oxygen-to-iron abundance ratios provide a most robust indicator of the star formation rate and chemical evolution of the bulge. Zinc is enhanced in metal-poor stars, behaving as an {alpha}-element, and its production may require nucleosynthesis in hypernovae. Most of the neutral gas at high redshift is in damped Lyman-alpha systems (DLAs), where Zn is also observed to behave as an {alpha}-element. The aim of this work is the derivation of the {alpha}-element oxygen, together with nitrogen, and the iron-peak element zinc abundances in 417 bulge giants, from moderate resolution (R~22000) FLAMES-GIRAFFE spectra. For stars in common with a set of UVES spectra with higher resolution (R~45000), the data are intercompared. The results are compared with literature data and chemodynamical models. We studied the spectra obtained for a large sample of red giant stars, chosen to be one magnitude above the horizontal branch, using FLAMES-GIRAFFE on the Very Large Telescope. We computed the O abundances using the forbidden [OI] 6300.3{AA} and Zn abundances using the ZnI 6362.34{AA} lines. Stellar parameters for these stars were established in a previous work from our group. We present oxygen abundances for 358 stars, nitrogen abundances for 403 stars and zinc abundances were derived for 333 stars. Having oxygen abundances for this large sample adds information in particular at the moderate metallicities of -1.6<[Fe/H]<-0.8. Zn behaves as an {alpha}-element, very similarly to O, Si, and Ca. It shows the same trend as a function of metallicity as the {alpha}-elements, i.e., a turnover around [Fe/H]~-0.6, and then decreasing with increasing metallicity. The results are compared with chemodynamical evolution models of O and Zn enrichment for a classical bulge. DLAs also show an enhanced zinc-to-iron ratio, suggesting they may be enriched by hypernovae.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/640/A89
- Title:
- 56 Galactic bulge red giants Co and Cu abund.
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/640/A89
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The Milky Way bulge is an important tracer of the early formation and chemical enrichment of the Galaxy. The abundances of different iron-peak elements in field bulge stars can give information on the nucleosynthesis processes that took place in the earliest supernovae. Cobalt (Z=27) and copper (Z=29) are particularly interesting. We aim to identify the nucleosynthesis processes responsible for the formation of the iron-peak elements Co and Cu. We derived abundances of the iron-peak elements cobalt and copper in 56 bulge giants, 13 of which were red clump stars. High-resolution spectra were obtained using FLAMES-UVES at the ESO Very Large Telescope by our group in 2000-2002, which appears to be the highest quality sample of optical high-resolution data on bulge red giants obtained in the literature to date. Over the years we have derived the abundances of C, N, O, Na, Al, Mg; the iron-group elements Mn and Zn; and neutron-capture elements. In the present work we derive abundances of the iron-peak elements cobalt and copper. We also compute chemodynamical evolution models to interpret the observed behaviour of these elements as a function of iron. The sample stars show mean values of [Co/Fe]~0.0 at all metallicities, and [Cu/Fe]~0.0 for [Fe/H]>=-0.8 and decreasing towards lower metallicities with a behaviour of a secondary element. We conclude that [Co/Fe] varies in lockstep with [Fe/H], which indicates that it should be produced in the alpha-rich freezeout mechanism in massive stars. Instead [Cu/Fe] follows the behaviour of a secondary element towards lower metallicities, indicating its production in the weak s-process nucleosynthesis in He-burning and later stages. The chemodynamical models presented here confirm the behaviour of these two elements (i.e. [Co/Fe] vs. [Fe/H] ~ constant and [Cu/Fe] decreasing with decreasing metallicities).
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+AS/122/79
- Title:
- Galactic Bulge Region OH 1612MHz survey. I.
- Short Name:
- J/A+AS/122/79
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present observations of the region between |l|<=10{deg} and |b|<=3{deg} in the OH 1612.231MHz line, taken in 1993 October and November with the Australia Telescope Compact Array. The region was systematically searched for OH/IR stars and was covered completely with 539 pointing centres separated by 30'. The size of the dataset calls for a special reduction technique that is fast, reliable and minimizes the output (positions and velocities of possible stars only). Having developed such a reduction method we found 307 OH masing objects, 145 of which are new detections. Out of these, 248 have a standard double-peaked spectral profile, 55 a single-peaked profile and 4 have nonstandard or irregular profiles. In this article we analyse the data statistically and give classifications and identifications with known sources where possible. The astrophysical, kinematical, morphological and dynamical properties of subsets of the data will be addressed in future articles. These observations are part of a larger survey, covering |l|<=45{deg} and |b|<=3{deg}, with the Australia Telescope Compact Array and the Very Large Array. The electronic version of this paper, that includes table and spectra, can be obtained from http://www.ed-phys.fr.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/438/2839
- Title:
- Galactic Bulge Survey X-ray sources NIR ctp
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/438/2839
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We report on the near-infrared matches, drawn from three surveys, to the 1640 unique X-ray sources detected by Chandra in the Galactic Bulge Survey (GBS). This survey targets faint X-ray sources in the bulge, with a particular focus on accreting compact objects. We present all viable counterpart candidates and associate a false alarm probability (FAP) to each near-infrared match in order to identify the most likely counterparts. The FAP takes into account a statistical study involving a chance alignment test, as well as considering the positional accuracy of the individual X-ray sources. We find that although the star density in the bulge is very high, ~90 per cent of our sources have an FAP<10 per cent, indicating that for most X-ray sources, viable near-infrared counterparts candidates can be identified. In addition to the FAP, we provide positional and photometric information for candidate counterparts to ~95 per cent of the GBS X-ray sources. This information in combination with optical photometry, spectroscopy and variability constraints will be crucial to characterize and classify secure counterparts.