- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/146/62
- Title:
- HERschel HERITAGE in Magellanic Clouds
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/146/62
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present an overview of the HERschel Inventory of The Agents of Galaxy Evolution (HERITAGE) in the Magellanic Clouds project, which is a Herschel Space Observatory open time key program. We mapped the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) and Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) at 100, 160, 250, 350, and 500{mu}m with the Spectral and Photometric Imaging Receiver (SPIRE) and Photodetector Array Camera and Spectrometer (PACS) instruments on board Herschel using the SPIRE/PACS parallel mode. The overriding science goal of HERITAGE is to study the life cycle of matter as traced by dust in the LMC and SMC. The far-infrared and submillimeter emission is an effective tracer of the interstellar medium (ISM) dust, the most deeply embedded young stellar objects (YSOs), and the dust ejected by the most massive stars. We describe in detail the data processing, particularly for the PACS data, which required some custom steps because of the large angular extent of a single observational unit and overall the large amount of data to be processed as an ensemble. We report total global fluxes for the LMC and SMC and demonstrate their agreement with measurements by prior missions. The HERITAGE maps of the LMC and SMC are dominated by the ISM dust emission and bear most resemblance to the tracers of ISM gas rather than the stellar content of the galaxies. We describe the point source extraction processing and the criteria used to establish a catalog for each waveband for the HERITAGE program. The 250{mu}m band is the most sensitive and the source catalogs for this band have ~25,000 objects for the LMC and ~5500 objects for the SMC. These data enable studies of ISM dust properties, submillimeter excess dust emission, dust-to-gas ratio, Class 0 YSO candidates, dusty massive evolved stars, supernova remnants (including SN1987A), HII regions, and dust evolution in the LMC and SMC. All images and catalogs are delivered to the Herschel Science Center as part of the community support aspects of the project. These HERITAGE images and catalogs provide an excellent basis for future research and follow up with other facilities.
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Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/622/A91
- Title:
- Herschel/HIFI and IRAM 30m images of OMC1
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/622/A91
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Young massive stars regulate the physical conditions, ionization, and fate of their natal molecular cloud. It is important to find tracers that help quantifying the stellar feedback processes that take place at different scales. We present ~85arcmin^2^ velocity-resolved maps of several submm molecular lines toward the closest high-mass star-forming region, OMC-1. The observed rotational lines include probes of warm and dense molecular gas that are difficult to detect from ground-based telescopes: CH^+^ (1-0), CO (10-9), HCO^+^ (6-5), and HCN (6-5). These lines trace an extended but thin layer of molecular gas at high thermal pressure, P_th_~10^7^-10^9^K/cm^3^, associated with the FUV-irradiated surface of OMC-1. The intense FUV field, emerging from massive stars in the Trapezium cluster, heats, compresses and photoevaporates the cloud edge. It also triggers the formation of reactive molecules such as CH^+^. The CH^+^ (1-0) emission spatially correlates with the flux of FUV photons impinging the cloud: G_0 from 1e3 to 1e5. This correlation is supported by isobaric PDR models in the parameter space P_th_/G_0_~[5*10^3^-8*10^4^]K/cm^3^ where many PDRs seem to lie. The CH^+^ (1-0) emission correlates with the extended emission from vibrationally excited H_2_, and with that of [CII]158um and CO 10-9, all emerging from FUV-irradiated gas. These correlations link the presence of CH^+^ to the availability of C^+^ ions and of FUV-pumped H_2_(v>0) molecules. The parsec-scale CH^+^ emission and narrow-line (dv~3 km/s) mid-J CO emission arises from extended PDRs and not from fast shocks. PDR line tracers are the smoking gun of the stellar feedback from young massive stars. The PDR component in OMC-1 represents 5 to 10 % of the total gas mass, however, it dominates the emitted line luminosity. These results provide insights into the source of submm CH+ and mid-J CO emission from distant star-forming galaxies.
- ID:
- ivo://idoc.ginco/herschel/spirecatalogPMW
- Title:
- Herschel Idoc Database (HESIOD) Spire Catalog PMW
- Short Name:
- HESIOD
- Date:
- 19 Oct 2017 10:34:33
- Publisher:
- IDOC GINCO
- Description:
- Herschel sources in Planck fields measured at 350 µm MCQA
- ID:
- ivo://idoc.ginco/herschel/spirecatalogPSW
- Title:
- Herschel Idoc Database (HESIOD) Spire Catalog PSW
- Short Name:
- HESIOD
- Date:
- 13 Oct 2017 10:29:45
- Publisher:
- IDOC GINCO
- Description:
- Herschel sources in Planck fields measured at 250 µm MCQA
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/148/124
- Title:
- Herschel key program Heritage
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/148/124
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Observations from the HERschel Inventory of the Agents of Galaxy Evolution (HERITAGE) have been used to identify dusty populations of sources in the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds (LMC and SMC). We conducted the study using the HERITAGE catalogs of point sources available from the Herschel Science Center from both the Photodetector Array Camera and Spectrometer (PACS; 100 and 160{mu}m) and Spectral and Photometric Imaging Receiver (SPIRE; 250, 350, and 500{mu}m) cameras. These catalogs are matched to each other to create a Herschel band-merged catalog and then further matched to archival Spitzer IRAC and MIPS catalogs from the Spitzer Surveying the Agents of Galaxy Evolution (SAGE) and SAGE-SMC surveys to create single mid- to far-infrared (far-IR) point source catalogs that span the wavelength range from 3.6 to 500{mu}m. There are 35,322 unique sources in the LMC and 7503 in the SMC. To be bright in the FIR, a source must be very dusty, and so the sources in the HERITAGE catalogs represent the dustiest populations of sources. The brightest HERITAGE sources are dominated by young stellar objects (YSOs), and the dimmest by background galaxies. We identify the sources most likely to be background galaxies by first considering their morphology (distant galaxies are point-like at the resolution of Herschel) and then comparing the flux distribution to that of the Herschel Astrophysical Terahertz Large Area Survey (ATLAS) survey of galaxies. We find a total of 9745 background galaxy candidates in the LMC HERITAGE images and 5111 in the SMC images, in agreement with the number predicted by extrapolating from the ATLAS flux distribution. The majority of the Magellanic Cloud-residing sources are either very young, embedded forming stars or dusty clumps of the interstellar medium. Using the presence of 24{mu}m emission as a tracer of star formation, we identify 3518 YSO candidates in the LMC and 663 in the SMC. There are far fewer far-IR bright YSOs in the SMC than the LMC due to both the SMC's smaller size and its lower dust content. The YSO candidate lists may be contaminated at low flux levels by background galaxies, and so we differentiate between sources with a high ("probable") and moderate ("possible") likelihood of being a YSO. There are 2493/425 probable YSO candidates in the LMC/SMC. Approximately 73% of the Herschel YSO candidates are newly identified in the LMC, and 35% in the SMC. We further identify a small population of dusty objects in the late stages of stellar evolution including extreme and post-asymptotic giant branch, planetary nebulae, and supernova remnants. These populations are identified by matching the HERITAGE catalogs to lists of previously identified objects in the literature. Approximately half of the LMC sources and one quarter of the SMC sources are too faint to obtain accurate ample FIR photometry and are unclassified.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/581/A30
- Title:
- Herschel maps of {rho} Oph
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/581/A30
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Observations of nearby star-forming regions with the Herschel Space Observatory complement our view of the protoplanetary disks in Ophiuchus with information about the outer disks. The main goal of this project is to provide new far-infrared fluxes for the known disks in the core region of Ophiuchus and to identify potential transitional disks using data from Herschel. We obtained PACS and SPIRE photometry of previously spectroscopically confirmed young stellar objects (YSO) in the region and analysed their spectral energy distributions.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/759/139
- Title:
- Herschel + MIPS photometry of GOODS sources
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/759/139
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We explore the effects of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and star formation activity on the infrared (0.3-1000{mu}m) spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of luminous infrared galaxies from z=0.5 to 4.0. We have compiled a large sample of 151 galaxies selected at 24{mu}m (S_24_>~100{mu}Jy) in the GOODS-N and ECDFS fields for which we have deep Spitzer IRS spectroscopy, allowing us to decompose the mid-IR spectrum into contributions from star formation and AGN activity. A significant portion (~25%) of our sample is dominated by an AGN (>50% of the mid-IR luminosity) in the mid-IR. Based on the mid-IR classification, we divide our full sample into four sub-samples: z~1 star-forming (SF) sources, z~2 SF sources, AGNs with clear 9.7{mu}m silicate absorption, and AGNs with featureless mid-IR spectra. From our large spectroscopic sample and wealth of multi-wavelength data, including deep Herschel imaging at 100, 160, 250, 350, and 500{mu}m, we use 95 galaxies with complete spectral coverage to create a composite SED for each sub-sample. We then fit a two-temperature component modified blackbody to the SEDs. We find that the IR SEDs have similar cold dust temperatures, regardless of the mid-IR power source, but display a marked difference in the warmer dust temperatures. We calculate the average effective temperature of the dust in each sub-sample and find a significant (~20K) difference between the SF and AGN systems. We compare our composite SEDs to local templates and find that local templates do not accurately reproduce the mid-IR features and dust temperatures of our high-redshift systems. High-redshift IR luminous galaxies contain significantly more cool dust than their local counterparts. We find that a full suite of photometry spanning the IR peak is necessary to accurately account for the dominant dust temperature components in high-redshift IR luminous galaxies.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/VIII/95
- Title:
- Herschel Multi-tiered Extragalactic Survey
- Short Name:
- VIII/95
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The Herschel Multi-tiered Extragalactic Survey (HerMES) is a legacy programme designed to map a set of nested fields totalling ~380deg^2^. Fields range in size from 0.01 to ~20deg^2^, using the Herschel-Spectral and Photometric Imaging Receiver (SPIRE) (at 250, 350 and 500um) and the Herschel-Photodetector Array Camera and Spectrometer (PACS) (at 100 and 160um), with an additional wider component of 270deg^2^ with SPIRE alone. These bands cover the peak of the redshifted thermal spectral energy distribution from interstellar dust and thus capture the reprocessed optical and ultraviolet radiation from star formation that has been absorbed by dust, and are critical for forming a complete multiwavelength understanding of galaxy formation and evolution.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/VIII/103
- Title:
- Herschel Multi-tiered Extragalactic Survey
- Short Name:
- VIII/103
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- HerMES is the Herschel Multi-tiered Extragalactic Survey, an astronomical project to study the evolution of galaxies in the distant Universe.It is the largest project on ESA's Herschel Space Observatory (900 hours). You will find more information about it on the HerMES website (http://hedam.lam.fr/HerMES/). The project is carried out by a large team, made up primarily of people who built one of the instruments on Herschel called SPIRE.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/852/102
- Title:
- Herschel nearby isolated low-mass clouds maps
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/852/102
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present intensity-corrected Herschel maps at 100, 160, 250, 350, and 500{mu}m for 56 isolated low-mass clouds. We determine the zero-point corrections for Herschel Photodetector Array Camera and Spectrometer (PACS) and Spectral Photometric Imaging Receiver (SPIRE) maps from the Herschel Science Archive (HSA) using Planck data. Since these HSA maps are small, we cannot correct them using typical methods. Here we introduce a technique to measure the zero-point corrections for small Herschel maps. We use radial profiles to identify offsets between the observed HSA intensities and the expected intensities from Planck. Most clouds have reliable offset measurements with this technique. In addition, we find that roughly half of the clouds have underestimated HSA-SPIRE intensities in their outer envelopes relative to Planck, even though the HSA-SPIRE maps were previously zero-point corrected. Using our technique, we produce corrected Herschel intensity maps for all 56 clouds and determine their line-of-sight average dust temperatures and optical depths from modified blackbody fits. The clouds have typical temperatures of ~14-20K and optical depths of ~10^-5^-10^-3^. Across the whole sample, we find an anticorrelation between temperature and optical depth. We also find lower temperatures than what was measured in previous Herschel studies, which subtracted out a background level from their intensity maps to circumvent the zero-point correction. Accurate Herschel observations of clouds are key to obtaining accurate density and temperature profiles. To make such future analyses possible, intensity-corrected maps for all 56 clouds are publicly available in the electronic version.