- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/ipngrb
- Title:
- Gamma-Ray Bursts from the Interplanetary Network
- Short Name:
- GRB/IPN
- Date:
- 07 Mar 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- The Interplanetary Network (IPN) is a group of spacecraft equipped with gamma-ray burst detectors used to localize gamma-ray bursts (GRB) and soft gamma repeaters (SGRs, or magnetars). The astronomical locations of GRBs are determined by the comparison of the arrival times of the event at the locations of the detectors used on different space missions. The precision is proportional to the distance of spacecraft separations, so that the localizational accuracy of a network with baselines of thousands of light-seconds can be equal or superior to that of any other technique. The primary disadvantage of the IPN method, however, is the 1-day to 1.5-day delay in the acquisition of data from all the spacecraft in the network. Interplanetary GRB networks have been in existence since 1977, contributing to the studies of various astrophysical gamma-ray transients, most notably GRBs and SGRs (soft gamma repeaters). The IPN3 began operations in 1990, with the launch of the Ulysses spacecraft. It was joined by the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory in 1991. Pioneer Venus Orbiter, Mars Observer, and the Italian X-ray astronomy satellite BeppoSAX were part of the network while they were operating. Twenty-six experiments or missions have joined the network so far. Today, the main spacecrafts contributing their data are Konus-WIND, Mars Odyssey, INTEGRAL, RHESSI, Swift, Agile, BepiColombo, and Fermi. XMM-Newton and MAXI are kept to record the cosmic ray and SGR but not used for triangulation because of the different energy range. The IPNGRB database table is derived from a list provided by Kevin Hurley <khurley@ssl.berkeley.edu>, based on the IPN3. The initial list also includes particles and solar events as well as unconfirmed SGRs and GRBs. The IPNGRB database includes only the observations of confirmed cosmic gamma-ray bursts and SGR since the launch of the Ulysses spacecraft. It is updated every time a new list is provided to the HEASARC. This HEASARC catalog is derived from the master list of IPN3 events provided by Kevin Hurley. He also provided a FORTRAN program that generates the list of selected events. The output of this program is run at GSFC and ingested into the HEASARC database system. Information on the IPN3 system is available at <a href="http://ipn3.ssl.berkeley.edu/">http://ipn3.ssl.berkeley.edu/</a>. <p> Information on the IPN can be found at <a href="http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/heasarc/missions/ipn.html">http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/heasarc/missions/ipn.html</a>. <p> In December 2021 Kevin Hurley passed away. He was one of the initiator of the IPN and its evolution. The last table provided is dated August 2021. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
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- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/phebus
- Title:
- Granat Phebus Gamma-Ray Bursts
- Short Name:
- PHEBUS
- Date:
- 07 Mar 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- The PHEBUS database table is the Terekhov et al. (1994, 1995) and Tkachenko et al. (1998, 2002) Catalog of Cosmic Gamma-Ray Bursts Registered by the Phebus (or Phoebus) instrument on-board the GRANAT Observatory which operated from December 1989 to December 1996. One of the purposes of Phebus was to study cosmic gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) in the 100 keV to 100 MeV region of the spectrum. This catalog contains information on GRBs registered during the entire seven years of the mission, such as the energy fluxes observed at the GRB luminosity maxima and the time-integrated energy fluences in the energy range above 100 keV. The details of the Phebus detectors and other operational information, such as the criteria for burst detection, can be found in the Terekhov et al. and Tkachenko et al. papers which are listed in the References Section. The original version of this database table was created by the HEASARC in the late 1990s. Later updates were made in February 2002 and March 2003, based on the HEASARC's transcription of Tables 1 and 2 of Terekhov et al. (1994), Terekhov et al. (1995) and Tkachenko, A.Yu. et al. (1998), and of Table 1 of Tkachenko, A.Yu. et al. (2002). This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/smmgrs
- Title:
- GRS Gamma-Ray Bursts
- Short Name:
- SMMGRS
- Date:
- 07 Mar 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- The Gamma-Ray Spectrometer (GRS) was one of two instruments on the Solar Maximum Mission (SMM) which independently monitored cosmic gamma-ray bursts from SMM's launch in February 1980 until the end of the mission in 1989. The GRS was designed for investigation of the gamma-ray spectrum of solar flares (Forrest, D.J. et al. 1980, Sol. Phys., 65, 15). The main detector was an array of seven gain-controlled 7.6 cm diameter X 7.6 cm thick NaI(Tl) detectors. A complete spectrum was obtained every 16.38 seconds in the energy range 0.3-9 MeV. The number of counts in three energy windows covering the 4.2-6.4 MeV range was read out every 2.048 seconds. In addition, the number of counts in an approximately 50 keV wide window near 300 keV was read out every 64 milliseconds. The spectrometer was shielded by a 2.5 cm thick CsI(Na) annulus and a 25 cm diameter X 7.6 cm thick CsI(Na) back detector. The shield elements defined a field of view of approximately 135 degrees (FWHM) in the solar direction. The CsI back detector and the seven NaI detectors together provided a high-energy spectrometer with approximately 100 cm<sup>2</sup> effective area and four energy channels from 10 to 100 MeV. The number of counts in those high-energy channels was read out every 2.048 seconds. The experiment was complemented by two 8 cm<sup>2</sup> X 0.6 cm thick NaI(Tl) detectors which measured the X-ray portion of the spectrum every 1.024 seconds in the range from 13 keV to 182 keV. This database table was created by the HEASARC in the early 1990s based on tables supplied by the SMM Project and was subsequently revised in February 2002. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/pvogrb
- Title:
- PVO Gamma-Ray Bursts
- Short Name:
- PVOGRB
- Date:
- 07 Mar 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- This catalog gives information on the triggered events detected by the PVO instrument from 1978-09-14 to 1988-07-21. The table was taken from the Ph.D. thesis of Kuan-Wen Chuang (UC-Riverside, 1990). The data originates from the Ph.D. thesis of Kuan-Wen Chuang (UC-Riverside, 1990). The current version of this database table was created by the HEASARC in August 2002, replacing the previous version (named PVOTRIG) in which the times were somewhat inaccurate. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/konus
- Title:
- VeneraKONUS11&12Bursts
- Short Name:
- KONUS
- Date:
- 07 Mar 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- The KONUS instruments were flown on pairs of Venera spacecraft. Veneras 11/12 were launched in September 1978; bursts were recorded through January 1980. Veneras 13/14 were launched in November 1981 and were operational through approximately March 1983. The Veneras were interplanetary spacecraft, which flew to Venus, and thus each spacecraft had whole sky coverage for most of its mission. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
