- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/216/19
- Title:
- Spectroscopic HK' index for 3 globular clusters
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/216/19
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- There is increasing evidence for the presence of multiple red giant branches (RGBs) in the color-magnitude diagrams of massive globular clusters (GCs). In order to investigate the origin of this split on the RGB, we have performed new narrow-band Ca photometry and low-resolution spectroscopy for M22, NGC 1851, and NGC 288. We find significant differences (more than 4{sigma}) in calcium abundance from the spectroscopic HK' index for M22 and NGC 1851. We also find more than 8{sigma} differences in CN-band strength between the Ca-strong and Ca-weak subpopulations for these GCs. For NGC 288, however, a large difference is detected only in the CN strength. The calcium abundances of RGB stars in this GC are identical to within the errors. This is consistent with the conclusion from our new Ca photometry where the RGB splits are confirmed in M22 and NGC 1851, but not in NGC 288. We also find interesting differences in the CN-CH correlations among these GCs. While CN and CH are anti-correlated in NGC 288, they show a positive correlation in M22. NGC 1851, however, shows no difference in CH between the two groups of stars with different CN strengths. We suggest that all of these systematic differences would be best explained by how strongly Type II supernovae enrichment has contributed to the chemical evolution of these GCs.
Number of results to display per page
Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/868/57
- Title:
- Spectroscopic HR diagram of OB stars in the SMC
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/868/57
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a comprehensive stellar atmosphere analysis of 329 O- and B-type stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) from the RIOTS4 survey. Using spectroscopically derived effective temperature Teff and surface gravities, we find that classical Be stars appear misplaced to low Teff and high luminosity in the spectroscopic Hertzsprung-Russell diagram (sHRD). Together with the most luminous stars in our sample, the stellar masses derived from the sHRD for these objects are systematically larger than those obtained from the conventional Hertzsprung-Russell diagram. This suggests that the well-known, spectroscopic mass-discrepancy problem may be linked to the fact that both groups of stars have outer envelopes that are nearly gravitationally unbound. The non-emission-line stars in our sample mainly appear on the main sequence, allowing a first estimate of the terminal-age main sequence (TAMS) in the SMC, which matches the predicted TAMS between 12 and 40M_{sun}_ at SMC metallicity. We further find a large underabundance of stars above ~25M_{sun}_ near the zero-age main sequence, reminiscent of such earlier findings in the Milky Way and Large Magellanic Cloud.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/398/133
- Title:
- Spectroscopic indexes of BCGs
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/398/133
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- This paper is part of a series devoted to the study of the stellar populations in brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs), aimed at setting constraints on the formation and evolution of these objects. We have obtained high signal-to-noise ratio, long-slit spectra of 49 BCGs in the nearby Universe. Here, we derive single stellar population (SSP)-equivalent ages, metallicities and alpha-abundance ratios in the centres of the galaxies using the Lick system of absorption line indices.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/152/207
- Title:
- Spectroscopic Indicators in SeisMic Archive (SISMA)
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/152/207
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We created a large database of physical parameters and variability indicators by fully reducing and analyzing the large number of spectra taken to complement the asteroseismic observations of the COnvection, ROtation and planetary Transits (CoRoT) satellite. 7103 spectra of 261 stars obtained with the ESO echelle spectrograph HARPS have been stored in the VO-compliant database Spectroscopic Indicators in a SeisMic Archive (SISMA), along with the CoRoT photometric data of the 72 CoRoT asteroseismic targets. The remaining stars belong to the same variable classes of the CoRoT targets and were observed to better characterize the properties of such classes. Several useful variability indicators (mean line profiles, indices of differential rotation, activity and emission lines) together with vsini and radial-velocity measurements have been extracted from the spectra. The atmospheric parameters T_eff_,logg, and [Fe/H] have been computed following a homogeneous procedure. As a result, we fully characterize a sample of new and known variable stars by computing several spectroscopic indicators, also providing some cases of simultaneous photometry and spectroscopy.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/595/A10
- Title:
- Spectroscopic mapping of supernova remnant N49
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/595/A10
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Physical conditions inside a supernova remnant can vary significantly between different positions. However, typical observational data of supernova remnants are integrated data or contemplate specific portions of the remnant. We study the spatial variation in the physical properties of the N49 supernova remnant based on a spectroscopic mapping of the whole nebula. Long-slit spectra were obtained with the slit (~4'x1.03") aligned along the east-west direction from 29 different positions spaced by 2" in declination. A total of 3248 1D spectra were extracted from sections of 2" of the 2D spectra. More than 60 emission lines in the range 3550{AA} to 8920{AA} were measured in these spectra. Maps of the fluxes and of intensity ratios of these emission lines were built with a spatial resolution of 2"x2".
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/622/A110
- Title:
- Spectroscopic membership for NGC 3532
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/622/A110
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- NGC 3532 is an extremely rich open cluster embedded in the Galactic disc, hitherto lacking a comprehensive, documented membership list. We provide membership probabilities from new radial velocity observations of solar-type and low-mass stars in NGC 3532, in part as a prelude to a subsequent study of stellar rotation in the cluster. Using extant optical and infra-red photometry we constructed a preliminary photometric membership catalogue, consisting of 2230 dwarf and turn-off stars. We selected 1060 of these for observation with the AAOmega spectrograph at the 3.9m Anglo-Australian Telescope and 391 stars for observations with the Hydra-South spectrograph at the 4m Victor Blanco Telescope, obtaining spectroscopic observations over a decade for 145 stars. We measured radial velocities for our targets through cross-correlation with model spectra and standard stars, and supplemented them with radial velocities for 433 additional stars from the literature. We also measured logg, Teff, and [Fe/H] from the AAOmega spectra. The radial velocity distribution emerging from the observations is centred at 5.43+/-0.04km/s and has a width (standard deviation) of 1.46km/s. Together with proper motions from Gaia DR2 we find 660 exclusive members, of which five are likely binary members. The members are distributed across the whole cluster sequence, from giant stars to M dwarfs, making NGC~3532 one of the richest Galactic open clusters known to date, on par with the Pleiades. From further spectroscopic analysis of 153 dwarf members we find the metallicity to be marginally sub-solar, with [Fe/H]=-0.07+/-0.10. We confirm the extremely low reddening of the cluster, E_B-V_=0.034+/-0.012mag, despite its location near the Galactic plane. Exploiting trigonometric parallax measurements from Gaia DR2 we find a distance of 484^+35^_-30_pc [(m-M)_0_=8.42+/-0.14mag]. Based on the membership we provide an empirical cluster sequence in multiple photometric passbands. A comparison of the photometry of the measured cluster members with several recent model isochrones enables us to confirm the 300Myr cluster age. However, all of the models evince departures from the cluster sequence in particular regions, especially in the lower mass range.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/880/142
- Title:
- Spectroscopic members of COSMOS X-ray systems
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/880/142
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We investigate spectroscopic properties of galaxy systems identified based on deep X-ray observations in the Cosmic Evolution Survey (COSMOS) field. The COSMOS X-ray system catalog we use includes 180 X-ray systems to a limiting flux of 1.0x10^-15^erg/cm^2^/s, an order of magnitude deeper than the future e-ROSITA survey. We identify spectroscopic members of these X-ray systems based on the spectroscopic catalog constructed by compiling various spectroscopic surveys including 277 new measurements; 146 X-ray systems are spectroscopically identified groups with more than three spectroscopic members. We identify 2196 spectroscopic redshifts of member candidates in these X-ray systems. The X-ray luminosity (L_X_)-velocity dispersion ({sigma}_v_) scaling relation of the COSMOS X-ray systems is consistent with that of massive X-ray clusters. One of the distinctive features of the COSMOS survey is that it covers the X-ray luminosity range where poor groups overlap the range for extended emission associated with individual quiescent galaxies. We assess the challenges posed by the complex morphology of the distribution of systems with low X-ray luminosity, including groups and individual quiescent galaxies, in the L_x_-{sigma}_v_ plane.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/770/16
- Title:
- Spectroscopic members of Segue 2 galaxy
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/770/16
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Segue 2, discovered by Belokurov et al. (2009, Cat. J/MNRAS/397/1748), is a galaxy with a luminosity of only 900L_{sun}_. We present Keck/DEIMOS spectroscopy of 25 members of Segue 2 - a threefold increase in spectroscopic sample size. The velocity dispersion is too small to be measured with our data. The upper limit with 90% (95%) confidence is {sigma}_v_<2.2(2.6)km/s, the most stringent limit for any galaxy. The corresponding limit on the mass within the three-dimensional half-light radius (46pc) is M_1/2_<1.5(2.1)x10^5^M_{sun}_. Segue 2 is the least massive galaxy known. We identify Segue 2 as a galaxy rather than a star cluster based on the wide dispersion in [Fe/H] (from -2.85 to -1.33) among the member stars. The stars' [{alpha}/Fe] ratios decline with increasing [Fe/H], indicating that Segue 2 retained Type Ia supernova ejecta despite its presently small mass and that star formation lasted for at least 100 Myr. The mean metallicity, <[Fe/H]>=-2.22+/-0.13 (about the same as the Ursa Minor galaxy, 330 times more luminous than Segue 2), is higher than expected from the luminosity-metallicity relation defined by more luminous dwarf galaxy satellites of the Milky Way. Segue 2 may be the barest remnant of a tidally stripped, Ursa Minor-sized galaxy. If so, it is the best example of an ultra-faint dwarf galaxy that came to be ultra-faint through tidal stripping. Alternatively, Segue 2 could have been born in a very low mass dark matter subhalo (v_max_<10km/s), below the atomic hydrogen cooling limit.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/902/42
- Title:
- Spectroscopic monitoring of blazar S5 0716+714
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/902/42
- Date:
- 10 Mar 2022 15:02:00
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- In this paper, we report new results of spectroscopic observations of {gamma}-ray blazar S5 0716+714 from 2019 September to 2020 March with the 2.4m optical telescope at Lijiang Observatory of Yunnan Observatories. The median cadence of observations is ~1 day. During the second observation period (Epoch2), the observational data reveal an extremely bright state and a bluer-when-brighter (BWB) chromatism. The BWB trend of Epoch2 differs significantly from that of the first observation period (Epoch1). A significantly brightness-dependent BWB chromatism emerges in the total data of Epoch1 and Epoch2. The BWB trend becomes weaker toward the brighter states, and likely becomes saturated at the highest state. Based on a log-parabolic function, a power law of synchrotron peak flux and frequency {nu}p, and a power law of the curvature of synchrotron spectrum and its {nu}p, simulation well reproduces the brightness-dependent BWB trend of S5 0716+714. The BWB trend is seemingly controlled by the shift of {nu}p with respect to the observational window, and effectively may be dominated by the variations of electron average energy and magnetic field in the emitting region.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/473/523
- Title:
- Spectroscopic monitoring of 3 neutron stars
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/473/523
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the results of a spectroscopic monitoring campaign of the OB-star companions to the eclipsing X-ray pulsars SMC X-1, LMC X-4 and Cen X-3. High-resolution optical spectra obtained with UVES on the ESO Very Large Telescope are used to determine the radial-velocity orbit of the OB (super)giants with high precision. The excellent quality of the spectra provides the opportunity to measure the radial-velocity curve based on individual lines, and to study the effect of possible distortions of the line profiles due to e.g. X-ray heating on the derived radial-velocity amplitude.