- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/142/126
- Title:
- CN and CH in SDSS Galactic globular clusters
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/142/126
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a homogeneous survey of the CN and CH band strengths in eight Galactic globular clusters observed during the course of the Sloan Extension for Galactic Understanding and Exploration sub-survey (SEGUE) of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We confirm the existence of a bimodal CN distribution among red giant branch (RGB) stars in all of the clusters with metallicity greater than [Fe/H]=-1.7; the lowest metallicity cluster with an observed CN bimodality is M53, with [Fe/H]~=-2.1. There is also some evidence for individual CN groups on the subgiant branches of M92, M2, and M13, and on the RGBs of M92 and NGC 5053. Finally, we quantify the correlation between overall cluster metallicity and the slope of the CN band strength-luminosity plot as a means of further demonstrating the level of CN enrichment in cluster giants. Our results agree well with previous studies reported in the literature.
Number of results to display per page
Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/486/437
- Title:
- CN and CH line strengths in 8 Galactic GlCl
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/486/437
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Our work focuses on the understanding of the origin of CNO-anomalies, which have been detected in several Galactic globular clusters. The novelty and advantage of this study is that it is based on a homogeneous data set of hundreds of medium-resolution spectra of stars in eight Galactic globular clusters (M 15, M 22, M 55, NGC 288, NGC 362, NGC 5286, Palomar 12, and Terzan 7). Two of the clusters (Palomar 12 and Terzan 7) are believed to be former members of the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal (Sgr dSph) galaxy. The large homogeneous data set allows for a detailed differential study of the line strengths in the stellar spectra of the observed clusters. Our sample comprises stars in different evolutionary states, namely the main-sequence turn-off (MSTO) region, the subgiant branch (SGB) and the base of the red giant branch (RGB). We compare the relative CN and CH line strengths of stars in the same evolutionary states (with similar logg and T_eff_).
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/524/A44
- Title:
- CN and CH line strengths in 12 globulars
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/524/A44
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Globular clusters show star-to-star abundance variations for light elements that are not yet well understood. The preferred explanation involves a self-enrichment scenario, within which two subsequent generations of stars co-exist in globular clusters. Observations of chemical abundances in the main sequence and sub-giant branch stars allow us to investigate the signature of this chemically processed material without the complicating effects caused by stellar evolution and internal mixing. Our main goal is to investigate the carbon-nitrogen anti-correlation with low-resolution spectroscopy of 20-50 stars fainter than the first dredge-up in seven Galactic globular clusters (NGC288, NGC1851, NGC5927, NGC6352, NGC6388, and Pal12) with different properties. We complemented our observations with 47Tuc archival data, with four additional clusters from the literature (M15, M22, M55, NGC362), and with additional literature data on NGC288.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/690/837
- Title:
- CN and CO observations toward AGB stars
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/690/837
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- A survey of the ^12^C/^13^C ratio toward circumstellar envelopes has been conducted at millimeter wavelengths using the facilities of the Arizona Radio Observatory (ARO). The ratios were obtained for a sample of 18 local C- and O-rich asymptotic giant branch and supergiant stars from observations of the ^12^C and ^13^C isotopologues of CO and CN, respectively. The J=1->0 transitions of both molecules were observed at {lambda}=3mm using the ARO 12m telescope, while the J=2->1 lines of the two species were measured using the ARO Sub-Millimeter Telescope (SMT) at {lambda}=1mm. The ^12^C/^13^C ratios were determined from the CO data by modeling both transitions simultaneously with a circumstellar radiative transfer code, which can account for the high opacities present in the emission from this species. In the case of CN, the hyperfine structure was used to evaluate opacity effects. Ratios obtained independently from CO and CN are in good agreement.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/615/A117
- Title:
- 55 Cnc geocoronal emission lines template
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/615/A117
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The high-energy X-ray to ultraviolet (XUV) irradiation of close-in planets by their host star influences their evolution and might be responsible for the existence of a population of ultra-short period planets eroded to their bare core. In orbit around a bright, nearby G-type star, the super-Earth 55 Cnc e offers the possibility to address these issues through transit observations at UV wavelengths. We used the Hubble Space Telescope to observe the transit in the far-ultraviolet (FUV) over three epochs in April 2016, January 2017, and February 2017. Together, these observations cover nearly half of the orbital trajectory in between the two quadratures, and reveal significant short- and long-term variability in 55 Cnc chromospheric emission lines. In the last two epochs, we detected a larger flux in the CIII, SiIII, and SiIV lines after the planet passed the approaching quadrature, followed by a flux decrease in the SiIV doublet. In the second epoch these variations are contemporaneous with flux decreases in the SiII and CII doublet. All epochs show flux decreases in the NV doublet as well, albeit at different orbital phases. These flux decreases are consistent with absorption from optically thin clouds of gas, are mostly localized at low and redshifted radial velocities in the star rest frame, and occur preferentially before and during the planet transit. These three points make it unlikely that the variations are purely stellar in origin, yet we show that the occulting material is also unlikely to originate from the planet. We thus tentatively propose that the motion of 55 Cnc e at the fringes of the stellar corona leads to the formation of a cool coronal rain. The inhomogeneity and temporal evolution of the stellar corona would be responsible for the differences between the three visits. Additional variations are detected in the CII doublet in the first epoch and in the OI triplet in all epochs with a different behavior that points toward intrinsic stellar variability. Further observations at FUV wavelengths are required to disentangle definitively between star-planet interactions in the 55 Cnc system and the activity of the star.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/408/181
- Title:
- CN2002ch UBVRI and ugriz light curves
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/408/181
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present new photometric and spectroscopic observations of an unusual luminous blue variable (LBV) in NGC 3432, covering three major outbursts in 2008 October, 2009 April and 2009 November. Previously, this star experienced an outburst also in 2000 (known as SN 2000ch). During outbursts the star reached an absolute magnitude between -12.1 and -12.8. Its spectrum showed H, HeI and FeII lines with P-Cygni profiles during and soon after the eruptive phases, while only intermediate-width lines in pure emission (including HeII {lambda}4686) were visible during quiescence. The fast-evolving light curve soon after the outbursts, the quasi-modulated light curve, the peak magnitude and the overall spectral properties are consistent with multiple episodes of variability of an extremely active LBV. However, the widths of the spectral lines indicate unusually high wind velocities (1500-2800km/s), similar to those observed in Wolf-Rayet stars. Although modulated light curves are typical of LBVs during the S-Dor variability phase, the luminous maxima and the high frequency of outbursts are unexpected in S-Dor variables.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/390/1733
- Title:
- CN column densities and excitation temperatures
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/390/1733
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We analyse abundances and rotational temperatures of the interstellar CN molecule. We have calculated the column densities and excitation temperatures of the molecule along 73 lines of sight basing on our original measurements of the B^2^{SIGMA}^+^-X^2^{SIGMA}^+^(0,0) vibrational band recorded in high signal-to-noise ratio spectra and also for 88 directions based on measurements already available in literature. We compare the column densities obtained from different bands of CN molecule available to ground-based instruments. The obtained excitation temperatures in the analysed directions show always an excess over the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMBR) temperature.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/619/A1
- Title:
- 55 Cnc radial velocities and photometry
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/619/A1
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Orbiting a bright, nearby star the 55 Cnc system offers a rare opportunity to study a multiplanet system that has a wide range of planetary masses and orbital distances. Using two decades of photometry and spectroscopy data, we have measured the rotation of the host star and its solar-like magnetic cycle. Accounting for this cycle in our velocimetric analysis of the system allows us to revise the properties of the outermost giant planet and its four planetary companions. The innermost planet 55 Cnc e is an unusually close-in super-Earth, whose transits have allowed for detailed follow-up studies. Recent observations favor the presence of a substantial atmosphere yet its composition, and the nature of the planet, remain unknown. We combined our derived planet mass (Mp=8.0+/-0.3M_{Earth}_) with refined measurement of its optical radius derived from HST/STIS observations (Rp=1.88+/-0.03R_{Earth}_ over 530-750nm) to revise the density of 55 Cnc e (rho=6.7+/-0.4g/cm^3^). Based on these revised properties we have characterized possible interiors of 55 Cnc e using a generalized Bayesian model. We confirm that the planet is likely surrounded by a heavyweight atmosphere, contributing a few percents of the planet radius. While we cannot exclude the presence of a water layer underneath the atmosphere, this scenario is unlikely given the observations of the planet across the entire spectrum and its strong irradiation. Follow-up observations of the system in photometry and in spectroscopy over different time-scales are needed to further investigate the nature and origin of this iconic super-Earth.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/319/235
- Title:
- CN in circumstellar envelopes survey
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/319/235
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We list in Table 1 the observed stars together with some of their characteristics. Distances, expansion velocities, mass loss rates, and spectral types are taken from the compilations of Bujarrabal et al. (1994) <J/A+A/285/247> and Loup et al. (1993A&AS...99..291). The sample includes C-rich and O-rich objects, some S-stars, a few proto-PN, and a young PN (NGC7027). See paper for more details. In Table 2, we give some of the observational parameters. A_low_ and A_high_ refer to the integrated intensity of the low-frequency and high-frequency fine-structure groups. The intrinsic intensity ratios, R=A_high_/A_low_, are R(1-0)=2 and R(2-1)=1.8. In principle, the observation of several components with different intrinsic strengths allows an estimate of the line optical depth, and the value of R gives an estimate of the envelope thickness.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/628/A28
- Title:
- 3C 294 NIR images and optical spectra
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/628/A28
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- High redshift radio galaxies are among the most massive galaxies at their redshift, are often found in the centers of proto-clusters of galaxies, and are expected to evolve into the present day massive central cluster galaxies. Thus they are a useful tool to explore structure formation in the young Universe. 3C 294 is a powerful FR II type radio galaxy at z=1.786. Past studies have identified a clumpy structure, possibly indicative of a merging system, as well as tentative evidence that 3C 294 hosts a dual AGN. Due to its proximity to a bright star, it was subject to various adaptive optics imaging studies. In order to distinguish between the various scenarios for 3C 294 we performed deep high-resolution adaptive optics imaging and optical spectroscopy of 3C 294 with the Large Binocular Telescope. We resolve the 3C 294 system into three distinct components separated by a few tenths of an arcsecond on our images. One is compact, the other two are extended, all appear to be non-stellar. The nature of each component is unclear. The latter could be a galaxy with an internal absorption feature, a galaxy merger or two galaxies at different redshifts. We can now uniquely associate the radio source of 3C 294 with one of the extended components. Based on our spectroscopy, we determined a redshift of z=1.784+/-0.001, which is similar to the one previously cited. In addition we found a previously unreported emission line at lambda 6749.4{AA} in our spectra. It is not clear that it originates from 3C 294. It could be the Ne [IV] doublet lambda 2424/2426{AA} at z=1.783, or belong to the compact component at a redshift of z~4.56. We thus can not unambiguously determine whether 3C 294 hosts a dual AGN or a projected pair of AGNs.