- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/IX/46
- Title:
- XMM-Newton Serendipitous Source Catalogue 3XMM-DR5
- Short Name:
- IX/46
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Thanks to the large collecting area (3x~1500cm^2^ at 1.5keV) and wide field of view (30' across in full field mode) of the X-ray cameras on board the European Space Agency X-ray observatory XMM-Newton, each individual pointing can result in the detection of hundreds of X-ray sources, most of which are newly discovered. Recently, many improvements in the XMM-Newton data reduction algorithms have been made. These include enhanced source characterisation and reduced spurious source detections, refined astrometric precision of sources, greater net sensitivity for source detection and the extraction of spectra and time series for fainter sources, with better signal-to-noise. Further, almost 50% more observations are in the public domain compared to 2XMMi-DR3, allowing the XMM-Newton Survey Science Centre (XMM-SSC) to produce a much larger and better quality X-ray source catalogue. The XMM-SSC has developed a pipeline to reduce the XMM-Newton data automatically and using improved calibration a new catalogue version has been made from XMM-Newton data made public by 2013 Dec. 31 (13 years of data). Manual screening ensures the highest data quality. This catalogue is known as 3XMM. In the latest release, 3XMM-DR5, there are 565962 X-ray detections comprising 396910 unique X-ray sources. For the 133000 brightest sources, spectra and lightcurves are provided. For all detections, the positions on the sky, a measure of the detection quality, and an evaluation of variability is provided, along with the fluxes and count rates in 7 X-ray energy bands, the total 0.2-12keV band counts, and four hardness ratios. To identify the detections, a cross correlation with 228 catalogues is also provided for each X-ray detection. 3XMM-DR5 is the largest X-ray source catalogue ever produced. Thanks to the large array of data products, it is an excellent resource in which to find new and extreme objects.
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- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/IX/41
- Title:
- XMM-Newton Serendipitous Source Catalogue 2XMMi-DR3
- Short Name:
- IX/41
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The 2XMMi-DR3 catalogue is the fifth publicly released XMM X-ray source catalogue produced by the XMM Survey Science Centre (SSC) consortium on behalf of ESA. It follows the 1XMM (Cat. IX/37, released in April 2003), 2XMMp (July 2006), 2XMM (Cat. IX/39, August 2007) and 2XMMi (Cat. IX/40, August 2008) catalogues: 2XMMp was a preliminary version of 2XMM. 2XMMi and 2XMMi-DR3 are incremental versions of the 2XMM catalogue. In summary, the versions are: -------------------------------------------- Name DR# Designation Year Cat. -------------------------------------------- 2XMMp 0 2XMMp-DR0 2006 2XMM 1 2XMM-DR1 2007 IX/39 2XMMi 2 2XMMi-DR2 2008 IX/40 2XMMi-DR3 3 2XMMi-DR3 2010 IX/41 -------------------------------------------- The production and content of the 2XMM catalogue is described in detail in "The XMM-Newton serendipitous survey. V. The second XMM-Newton serendipitous source catalogue", M.G. Watson et al., 2009A&A...493..339W; there are no significant differences in the processing between the 2XMM, 2XMMi and 2XMMi-DR3 observations The "slim" version of the catalogue (file "xmm2r3s.dat") contains one row per unique source, while the the main catalogue has one row per detection. This slim version includes 38 columns, essentially those containing information about the unique sources, while the full catalogue (file "xmm2r3.fit") describes the 353191 detections with 299 columns. The slim version also contains a column with links to the LEDAS summary pages. In the case of sources with multiple detections the summary page of the best detection is selected (i.e., the detection with the largest exposure time, summed over all cameras), and the summary page gives cross-links to the other detections.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/476/1191
- Title:
- XMM-Newton serendipitous survey. IV
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/476/1191
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- X-ray sources at intermediate fluxes (a few x10^-14^erg/cm^2^/s) with a sky density of ~100deg^-2^ are responsible for a significant fraction of the cosmic X-ray background at various energies below 10keV. The aim of this paper is to provide an unbiased and quantitative description of the X-ray source population at these fluxes and in various X-ray energy bands. We present the XMM-Newton Medium sensitivity Survey (XMS), including a total of 318 X-ray sources found among the serendipitous content of 25 XMM-Newton target fields. The XMS comprises four largely overlapping source samples selected at soft (0.5-2keV), intermediate (0.5-4.5keV), hard (2-10keV) and ultra-hard (4.5-7.5keV) bands, the first three of them being flux-limited.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/493/339
- Title:
- XMM-Newton serendipitous Survey. V.
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/493/339
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Pointed observations with XMM-Newton provide the basis for creating catalogues of X-ray sources detected serendipitously in each field. This paper describes the creation and characteristics of the 2XMM catalogue. The 2XMM catalogue has been compiled from a new processing of the XMM-Newton EPIC camera data. The main features of the processing pipeline are described in detail. The catalogue, the largest ever made at X-ray wavelengths, contains 246897 detections drawn from 3491 public XMM-Newton observations over a 7-year interval, which relate to 191870 unique sources. The catalogue fields cover a sky area of more than 500deg^2^. The non-overlapping sky are a is ~360deg^2^ (~1% of the sky) as many regions of the sky are observed more than once by XMM-Newton. The catalogue probes a large sky area at the flux limit where the bulk of the objects that contribute to the X-ray background lie and provides a major resource for generating large, well-defined X-ray selected source samples, studying the X-ray source population and identifying rare object types. The main characteristics of the catalogue are presented, including its photometric and astrometric properties The 2XMMi catalogue is available as Cat. <IX/40> in VizieR.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/480/611
- Title:
- XMM-Newton Slew Survey catalogue, XMMSL1
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/480/611
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We report on the production of a large area, shallow, sky survey, from XMM-Newton slews. The great collecting area of the mirrors coupled with the high quantum efficiency of the EPIC detectors have made XMM-Newton the most sensitive X-ray observatory flown to date. We use data taken with the EPIC-pn camera during slewing manoeuvres to perform an X-ray survey of the sky. Data from 218 slews have been subdivided into small images and source searched. This has been done in three distinct energy bands; a soft (0.2-2keV) band, a hard (2-12keV) band and a total XMM-Newton band (0.2-12keV). Detected sources, have been quality controlled to remove artifacts and a catalogue has been drawn from the remaining sources. A "full" catalogue, containing 4710 detections and a "clean" catalogue containing 2692 sources have been produced, from 14% of the sky. In the hard X-ray band (2-12keV) 257 sources are detected in the clean catalogue to a flux limit of 4x10^-12^erg/s/cm^2^. The flux limit for the soft (0.2-2keV) band is 6x10^-13^erg/s/cm^2^ and for the total (0.2-12keV) band is 1.2x10^-12^erg/s/cm^2^. The source positions are shown to have an uncertainty of 8" (1{sigma} confidence).
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/548/A99
- Title:
- XMM-Newton Slew Survey in 2-10keV
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/548/A99
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The on-going XMM-Newton Slew Survey (XSS) provides coverage of a significant fraction of the sky in a broad X-ray bandpass. Although shallow by contemporary standards, in the "classical" 2-10keV band of X-ray astronomy, the XSS provides significantly better sensitivity than any currently available all-sky survey. We investigate the source content of the XSS, focussing on detections in the hard 2-10keV band down to a very low threshold (>=4counts net of background). At the faint end, the survey reaches a flux sensitivity of roughly 3x10^-12^erg/cm^2^/s (2-10keV). Our starting point was a sample of 487 sources detected in the XSS (up to and including release XMMSL1d2) at high galactic latitude in the hard band. Through cross-correlation with published source catalogues from surveys spanning the electromagnetic spectrum from radio through to gamma-rays, we find that 45% of the sources have likely identifications with normal/active galaxies. A further 18% are associated with other classes of X-ray object (nearby coronally active stars, accreting binaries, clusters of galaxies), leaving 37% of the XSS sources with no current identification. We go on to define an XSS extragalactic sample comprised of 219 galaxies and active galaxies selected in the XSS hard band. We investigate the properties of this extragalactic sample including its X-ray logN-logS distribution. We find that in the low-count limit, the XSS is, as expected, strongly affected by Eddington bias. There is also a very strong bias in the XSS against the detection of extended sources, most notably clusters of galaxies. A significant fraction of the detections at and around the low-count limit may be spurious. Nevertheless, it is possible to use the XSS to extract a reasonably robust sample of extragalactic sources, excluding galaxy clusters. The differential logN-logS relation of these extragalactic sources matches very well to the HEAO-1 A2 all-sky survey measurements at bright fluxes and to the 2XMM source counts at the faint end. The substantial sky coverage afforded by the XSS makes this survey a valuable resource for studying X-ray bright source samples, including those selected specifically in the hard 2-10keV band.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/IX/53
- Title:
- XMM-Newton slew survey Source Catalogue, version 2.0
- Short Name:
- IX/53
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- XMMSL2 is the second catalogue of X-ray sources found in slew data taken from the European Space Agency's (ESA) XMM-Newton observatory, and has been constructed by members of the XMM SOC and the EPIC consortium on behalf of ESA. This release uses results of work which has been carried out within the framework of the EXTraS project ("Exploring the X-ray variable and Transient Sky"), funded from the EU's Seventh Framework Programme under grant agreement no.607452. This is the first release of XMMSL2 which contains data taken between revolutions 314 and 2758. The previous catalogue was called XMMSL1_Delta6 and contained slews up to revolution 2441. The release includes two FITS files. A full catalogue (xmmsl2_total.fits.gz), containing 72352 detections found with a likelihood of DET_ML>8 and a "clean" catalogue (xmmsl2_clean.fits.gz) where all known bad sources have been removed and where the detection limit has been raised to DET_ML>10.5 in general and DET_ML>15.5 for sources found in images with a higher than usual background. Efforts have been made to identify spurious detections and 3017 have been flagged as such in the full catalogue.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/645/A74
- Title:
- XMM-Newton spectral-fit redshift catalogue
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/645/A74
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Since its launch in 1999, the XMM-Newton mission has compiled the largest catalogue of serendipitous X-ray sources, with the 3XMM being the third version of this catalogue. This is because of the combination of a large effective area (5000cm^2^ at 1keV) and a wide field of view (30 arcmin). The 3XMM-DR6 catalogue contains about 470000 unique X-ray sources over an area of 982deg^2^. A significant fraction of these (100178 sources) have reliable optical, near/mid-IR counterparts in the SDSS, PANSTARRS, VIDEO, UKIDSS and WISE surveys. In a previous paper we have presented photometric redshifts for these sources using the TPZ machine learning algorithm. About one fourth of these (22677) have adequate photon statistics so that a reliable X-ray spectrum can be extracted. Obviously, owing to both the X-ray counts selection and the optical counterpart constraint, the sample above is biased towards the bright sources. Here, we present XMMFITCAT-Z: a spectral fit catalogue for these sources using the Bayesian X-ray Analysis (BXA) technique. As a science demonstration of the potential of the present catalogue, we comment on the optical and mid-IR colours of the 765 X-ray absorbed sources with N_H_>10^22^cm^-2^. We show that a considerable fraction of X-ray selected AGN would not be classified as AGN following the mid-IR W1-W2 vs. W2 selection criterion. These are AGN with lower luminosities, where the contribution of the host galaxy to the MIR emission is non-negligible. Only one third of obscured AGN in X-rays present red colours or r-W2>6. Then it appears that the r-W2 criterion, often used in the literature for the selection of obscured AGN, produces very different X-ray absorbed AGN samples compared to the standard X-ray selection criteria.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/495/733
- Title:
- XMM-Newton spectral survey of M31 disc
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/495/733
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the results of a complete spectral survey of the X-ray point sources detected in five XMM-Newton observations along the major axis of M 31 but avoiding the central bulge, aimed at establishing the population characteristics of X-ray sources in this galaxy. We obtained background subtracted spectra and lightcurves for each of the 335 X-ray point sources detected across the five observations from 2002. We also correlate our source list with those of earlier X-ray surveys and radio, optical and infra-red catalogues. Sources with more than 50 source counts are individually spectrally fit in order to create the most accurate luminosity functions of M 31 to date.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/553/A12
- Title:
- XMM-Newton SSC survey of Galactic Plane
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/553/A12
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Many different classes of X-ray sources contribute to the Galactic landscape at high energies. Although the nature of the most luminous X-ray emitters is now fairly well understood, the population of low-to-medium X-ray luminosity (LX=10^27-34^erg/s) sources remains much less studied, our knowledge being mostly based on the observation of local members. The advent of wide field and high sensitivity X-ray telescopes such as XMM-Newton now offers the opportunity to observe this low-to-medium LX population at large distances. We report on the results of a Galactic plane survey conducted by the XMM-Newton Survey Science Centre (SSC). Beyond its astrophysical goals, this survey aims at gathering a representative sample of identified X-ray sources at low latitude that can be used later on to statistically identify the rest of the serendipitous sources discovered in the Milky Way. The survey is based on 26 XMM-Newton observations, obtained at |b|<20{deg}, distributed over a large range in Galactic longitudes and covering a summed area of 4deg^2^. The flux limit of our survey is 2x10^-15^erg/cm^2^/s in the soft (0.5-2keV) band and 1x10^-14^erg/cm^2^/s in the hard (2-12keV) band. We detect a total of 1319 individual X-ray sources. Using optical follow-up observations supplemented by cross-correlation with a large range of multi-wavelength archival catalogues we identify 316 X-ray sources. This constitutes the largest group of spectroscopically identified low latitude X-ray sources at this flux level. The majority of the identified X-ray sources are active coronae with spectral types in the range A-M at maximum distances of ~1kpc. The number of identified active stars increases towards late spectral types, reaching a maximum at K. Using infrared colours we classify 18% of the stars as giants. The observed distributions of FX/FV, X-ray and infrared colours indicates that our sample is dominated by a young (100Myr) to intermediate (600Myr) age population with a small contribution of close main sequence or evolved binaries. We find other interesting objects such as cataclysmic variables (d~0.6-2kpc), low luminosity high mass stars (likely belonging to the class of {gamma}-Cas-like systems, d~1.5-7kpc), T Tauri and Herbig-Ae stars. A handful of extragalactic sources located in the highest Galactic latitude fields could be optically identified. For the 20 fields observed with the EPIC pn camera, we have constructed logN(>S)-logS curves in the soft and hard bands. In the soft band, the majority of the sources are positively identified with active coronae and the fraction of stars increases by about one order of magnitude from b=60{deg} to b=0{deg} at an X-ray flux of 2x10^-14^erg/cm^2^/s. The hard band is dominated by extragalactic sources, but there is a small contribution from a hard Galactic population formed by CVs, HMXB candidates or {gamma}-Cas-like systems and by some active coronae that are also detected in the soft band. At b=0{deg} the surface density of hard sources brighter than 1x10^-13^erg/cm^2^/s steeply increases by one order of magnitude from l=20{deg} to the Galactic centre region (l=0.9{deg}).
