- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/657/A64
- Title:
- Supernovae ZTF light curves
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/657/A64
- Date:
- 16 Mar 2022 13:01:07
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Stripped-envelope supernovae (SE SNe) of Type Ib and Type Ic are thought to result from explosions of massive stars having lost their outer envelopes. The favoured explosion mechanism is by core-collapse, with the shock later revived by neutrino heating. However, there is an upper limit to the amount of radioactive ^56^Ni that such models can accomplish. Recent literature point to a tension between the maximum luminosity from such simulations and observations. We use a well characterized sample of SE SNe from the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) Bright Transient Survey (BTS). We scrutinize the observational caveats regarding estimating the maximum luminosity (and thus the amount of ejected radioactive nickel) for the members of this sample. We employ the strict selection criteria for the BTS to collect a sample of spectroscopically classified normal Type Ibc SNe for which we use the ZTF light curves to determine the maximum luminosity. We cull the sample further based on data quality, light-curve shape, distance and colors, and examine uncertainties that may affect the numbers. The methodology of the sample construction from this BTS sample can be used for many other future investigations. We analyze observational data, consisting of optical light curves and spectra, for the selected sub-samples. In total we use 129 Type Ib or Type Ic BTS SNe with an initial rough luminosity distribution peaked at M_r_=-17.61+/-0.72, and where 36% are apparently brighter than the theoretically predicted maximum brightness of M_r_=-17.8. When we further cull this sample to ensure that the SNe are normal Type Ibc with good LC data within the Hubble flow, the sample of 94 objects has M_r_=-17.64+/-0.54. A main uncertainty in absolute magnitude determinations for SNe is the host galaxy extinction correction, but the reddened objects only get more luminous after corrections. If we simply exclude objects with red, unusual or uncertain colors, we are left with 14 objects at M_r_=-17.90+/-0.73, whereof a handful are most certainly brighter than the suggested theoretical limit. The main result of this study is thus that normal SNe Ibc do indeed reach luminosities above 10^42.6^erg/s, apparently in conflict with existing explosion models.
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3642. Supernova light echoes
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+AS/138/253
- Title:
- Supernova light echoes
- Short Name:
- J/A+AS/138/253
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Supernova (SN) light echoes could be a powerful tool for determining distances to galaxies geometrically, Sparks (1994ApJ...433...19S). In this paper we present CCD photometry of the environments of 64 historical supernovae, the first results of a program designed to search for light echoes from these SNe. We commonly find patches of optical emission at, or close to, the sites of the supernovae. The color distribution of these patches is broad, and generally consistent with stellar population colors, possibly with some reddening. However there are in addition patches with both unusually red and unusually blue colors. We expect light echoes to be blue, and while none of the objects are quite as blue in V-R as the known light echo of SN 1991T, there are features that are unusually blue and we identify these as candidate light echoes for follow-on observations.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/472/308
- Title:
- Supernova remnants in M33: X-ray properties
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/472/308
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We have carried out a study of the X-ray properties of the supernova remnant (SNR) population in M33 with XMM-Newton, comprising deep observations of eight fields in M33 covering all of the area within the D_25_ contours, and with a typical luminosity of 7.1x10^34^erg/s (0.2-2.0keV). Here, we report our work to characterize the X-ray properties of the previously identified SNRs in M33, as well as our search for new X-ray detected SNRs. With our deep observations and large field of view we have detected 105 SNRs at the 3{sigma} level, of which 54 SNRs are newly detected in X-rays, and three are newly discovered SNRs. Combining XMM-Newton data with deep Chandra survey data allows detailed spectral fitting of 15 SNRs, for which we have measured temperatures, ionization time-scales and individual abundances. This large sample of SNRs allows us to construct an X-ray luminosity function, and compare its shape to luminosity functions from host galaxies of differing metallicities and star formation rates to look for environmental effects on SNR properties. We conclude that while metallicity may play a role in SNR population characteristics, differing star formation histories on short time-scales, and small-scale environmental effects appear to cause more significant differences between X-ray luminosity distributions. In addition, we analyse the X-ray detectability of SNRs, and find that in M33 SNRs with higher [SII]/H{alpha} ratios, as well as those with smaller galactocentric distances, are more detectable in X-rays.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/247/66
- Title:
- SUPERWIDE: wide binaries in Gaia & SUPERBLINK
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/247/66
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a catalog of 99203 wide binary systems, initially identified as common proper motion (CPM) pairs from a subset of ~5.2million stars with proper motions {mu}>40mas/yr, selected from Gaia data release 2 (DR2, I/345) and the SUPERBLINK high proper motion catalog (Lepine 2005, J/AJ/130/1247 and Lepine & Gaidos 2011, J/AJ/142/138). CPM pairs are found by searching for pairs of stars with angular separations <1{deg} and proper motion differences {Delta}{mu}<40mas/yr. A Bayesian analysis is then applied in two steps. In a first pass, we use proper motion differences and angular separations to distinguish between real binaries and chance alignments. In a second pass, we use parallax data from Gaia DR2 to refine our Bayesian probability estimates. We present a table of 119390 pairs which went through the full analysis, 99203 of which have probabilities >95% of being real wide binaries. Of those 99203 high-probability pairs, we estimate that only about 364 pairs are most likely to be false positives. In addition, we identify 57506 pairs that have probabilities greater than 10% from the first pass but have high parallax errors and therefore were not vetted in the second pass. We examine the projected physical separation distribution of our highest probability pairs and note that the distribution is a simple exponential tail and shows no evidence of being bimodal. Among pairs with lower probability, wide binaries are detected at larger separations (>10^4^-10^5^au), consistent with the very wide population suggested in previous studies; however, our analysis suggests that these do not represent a distinct population, but instead represent either the exponential tail of the "normal" wide binary distribution or are simply chance alignments of unrelated field stars. We examine the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram of this set of high-probability wide binaries and find evidence for 980 overluminous components among 2227 K+K wide binaries; assuming these represent unresolved subsystems, we determine that the higher-order multiplicity fraction for K+K wide systems is at least 39.6%.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/214/19
- Title:
- Suprime-Cam wide-field photometry of Leo A
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/214/19
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We have surveyed a complete extent of Leo A --an apparently isolated gas-rich low-mass dwarf irregular galaxy in the Local Group. The B, V, and I passband CCD images (typical seeing ~0.8") were obtained with the Subaru Telescope equipped with the Suprime-Cam mosaic camera. The wide-field (20'x24') photometry catalog of 38856 objects (V~16-26mag) is presented. This survey is also intended to serve as "a finding chart" for future imaging and spectroscopic observation programs of Leo A.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/763/73
- Title:
- Surface density profiles of GOODS-South galaxies
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/763/73
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present stellar mass surface density profiles of a mass-selected sample of 177 galaxies at 0.5<z<2.5, obtained using very deep Hubble Space Telescope optical and near-infrared data over the GOODS-South field, including recent CANDELS data. Accurate stellar mass surface density profiles have been measured for the first time for a complete sample of high-redshift galaxies more massive than 10^10.7^M_{sun}_. The key advantage of this study compared to previous work is that the surface brightness profiles are deconvolved for point-spread function smoothing, allowing accurate measurements of the structure of the galaxies. The surface brightness profiles account for contributions from complex galaxy structures such as rings and faint outer disks. Mass profiles are derived using radial rest-frame ug color profiles and a well-established empirical relation between these colors and the stellar mass-to-light ratio. We derive stellar half-mass radii from the mass profiles, and find that these are on average ~25% smaller than rest-frame g-band half-light radii. This average size difference of 25% is the same at all redshifts, and does not correlate with stellar mass, specific star formation rate, effective surface density, S\'ersic index, or galaxy size. Although on average the difference between half-mass size and half-light size is modest, for approximately 10% of massive galaxies this difference is more than a factor of two. These extreme galaxies are mostly extended, disk-like systems with large central bulges. These results are robust, but could be impacted if the central dust extinction becomes high. ALMA observations can be used to explore this possibility. These results provide added support for galaxy growth scenarios wherein massive galaxies at these epochs grow by accretion onto their outer regions.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/156/345
- Title:
- Surface photometry of BCD galaxies
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/156/345
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the results from an analysis of surface photometry of B, R, and H{alpha} images of a total of 114 nearby galaxies (v_helio_<4000km/s) drawn from the Palomar/Las Campanas Imaging Atlas of blue compact dwarf (BCD) galaxies. Surface brightness and color profiles for the complete sample have been obtained. We determine the exponential and Sersic profiles that best fit the surface brightness distribution of the underlying stellar population detected in these galaxies. We also compute the (B-R) color and total absolute magnitude of the underlying stellar population and compared them to the integrated properties of the galaxies in the sample.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/244/21
- Title:
- Surface rotation & activity of Kepler stars. I.
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/244/21
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Brightness variations due to dark spots on the stellar surface encode information about stellar surface rotation and magnetic activity. In this work, we analyze the Kepler long-cadence data of 26521 main-sequence stars of spectral types M and K in order to measure their surface rotation and photometric activity level. Rotation-period estimates are obtained by the combination of a wavelet analysis and autocorrelation function of the light curves. Reliable rotation estimates are determined by comparing the results from the different rotation diagnostics and four data sets. We also measure the photometric activity proxy S_ph_ using the amplitude of the flux variations on an appropriate timescale. We report rotation periods and photometric activity proxies for about 60% of the sample, including 4431 targets for which McQuillan+ (2014, J/ApJS/211/24) did not report a rotation period. For the common targets with rotation estimates in this study and in McQuillan+, our rotation periods agree within 99%. In this work, we also identify potential polluters, such as misclassified red giants and classical pulsator candidates. Within the parameter range we study, there is a mild tendency for hotter stars to have shorter rotation periods. The photometric activity proxy spans a wider range of values with increasing effective temperature. The rotation period and photometric activity proxy are also related, with S_ph_ being larger for fast rotators. Similar to McQuillan+, we find a bimodal distribution of rotation periods.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/469/3444
- Title:
- Survey of Centaurus A's Baryonic Structures II.
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/469/3444
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- New wide-field u'g'r'i'z' Dark Energy Camera observations centred on the nearby giant elliptical galaxy NGC 5128 covering ~21 deg^2^ are used to compile a new catalogue of ~3200 globular clusters (GCs). We report 2404 newly identified candidates, including the vast majority within ~140kpc of NGC 5128. We find evidence for a transition at a galactocentric radius of R_gc_~=55kpc from GCs 'intrinsic' to NGC 5128 to those likely to have been accreted from dwarf galaxies or that may transition to the intragroup medium of the Centaurus A galaxy group. We fit power-law surface number density profiles of the form {Sigma}_N,R_gc_{prop.to}R_gc_^{Gamma}^ and find that inside the transition radius, the red GCs are more centrally concentrated than the blue, with {Gamma}_inner,red_~=-1.78 and {Gamma}_inner,blue_~=-1.40, respectively. Outside this region both profiles flatten, more dramatically for the red GCs ({Gamma}_outer,red_~=-0.33) compared to the blue ({Gamma}_outer,blue_~= -0.61), although the former is more likely to suffer contamination by background sources. The median (g'-z')_0_=1.27mag colour of the inner red population is consistent with arising from the amalgamation of two giant galaxies each less luminous than present-day NGC 5128. Both inwards and outwards of the transition radius, we find the fraction of blue GCs to dominate over the red GCs, indicating a lively history of minor mergers. Assuming the blue GCs to originate primarily in dwarf galaxies, we model the population required to explain them, while remaining consistent with NGC 5128's present-day spheroid luminosity. We find that several dozen dwarfs of luminosities L_dw,V_~= 10^6-9.3^L_V,{sun}_, following a Schechter luminosity function with a faint-end slope of -1.50<={alpha}<=-1.25 is favoured, many of which may have already been disrupted in NGC 5128's tidal field.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/296/665
- Title:
- Survey of optically variables QSOs
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/296/665
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We describe a survey for variable QSOs carried out for 15 years with the UK Schmidt telescope, using IIIaJ plates exposed behind a Schott GG395 filter. Objects brighter than B=21.0 on a reference plate and displaying a peak to peak amplitude of variability larger than B=0.35mag are selected. Plates in U, V, R and I were also obtained.
