- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/786/97
- Title:
- Photospheric properties of T Tauri stars
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/786/97
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Estimates of the mass and age of young stars from their location in the H-R diagram are limited by not only the typical observational uncertainties that apply to field stars, but also by large systematic uncertainties related to circumstellar phenomena. In this paper, we analyze flux-calibrated optical spectra to measure accurate spectral types and extinctions of 281 nearby T Tauri stars (TTSs). The primary advances in this paper are (1) the incorporation of a simplistic accretion continuum in optical spectral type and extinction measurements calculated over the full optical wavelength range and (2) the uniform analysis of a large sample of stars, many of which are well known and can serve as benchmarks. Comparisons between the non-accreting TTS photospheric templates and stellar photosphere models are used to derive conversions from spectral type to temperature. Differences between spectral types can be subtle and difficult to discern, especially when accounting for accretion and extinction. The spectral types measured here are mostly consistent with spectral types measured over the past decade. However, our new spectral types are one to two subclasses later than literature spectral types for the original members of the TW Hya Association (TWA) and are discrepant with literature values for some well-known members of the Taurus Molecular Cloud. Our extinction measurements are consistent with other optical extinction measurements but are typically 1 mag lower than near-IR measurements, likely the result of methodological differences and the presence of near-IR excesses in most CTTSs. As an illustration of the impact of accretion, spectral type, and extinction uncertainties on the H-R diagrams of young clusters, we find that the resulting luminosity spread of stars in the TWA is 15%-30%. The luminosity spread in the TWA and previously measured for binary stars in Taurus suggests that for a majority of stars, protostellar accretion rates are not large enough to significantly alter the subsequent evolution.
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Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/531/A141
- Title:
- Physical parameters of PMS in open clusters
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/531/A141
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Our aims are twofold: To determine the physical parameters of PMS members in young open clusters (YOCs), and to check and compare the performances of different model isochrones. We compare UBVRI photometric observations of eleven YOCs to theoretical isochrones in the photometric diagrams. The comparison simultaneously provides membership assignments for MS and PMS stars and estimates for the masses, ages, and spatial distribution of the candidate members. The relations found between the different cluster parameters show that the procedure applied to assign cluster membership, and to measure physical parameters for the selected members, is well founded.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/533/A109
- Title:
- Pisa pre-main sequence tracks and isochrones
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/533/A109
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- In recent years new observations of pre-main sequence stars (pre-MS) with Z<Z_{sun}_ have been made available. To take full advantage of the continuously growing amount of data of pre-MS stars in different environments, we need to develop updated pre-MS models for a wide range of metallicity to assign reliable ages and masses to the observed stars. We present updated evolutionary pre-MS models and isochrones for a fine grid of mass, age, metallicity, and helium values. We use a standard and well-tested stellar evolutionary code (i.e. FRANEC), that adopts outer boundary conditions from detailed and realistic atmosphere models. In this code, we incorporate additional improvements to the physical inputs related to the equation of state and the low temperature radiative opacities essential to computing low-mass stellar models. We make available via internet a large database of pre-MS tracks and isochrones for a wide range of chemical compositions (Z=0.0002-0.03), masses (M=0.2-7.0M_{sun}_), and ages (1-100Myr) for a solar-calibrated mixing length parameter alpha (i.e. 1.68). For each chemical composition, additional models were computed with two different mixing length values, namely alpha=1.2 and 1.9. Moreover, for Z>=0.008, we also provided models with two different initial deuterium abundances. The characteristics of the models have been discussed in detail and compared with other work in the literature. The main uncertainties affecting theoretical predictions have been critically discussed. Comparisons with selected data indicate that there is close agreement between theory and observation.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/539/A119
- Title:
- Pismis 24 stars with X-ray emission
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/539/A119
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Circumstellar disks are expected to evolve quickly in massive young clusters harboring many OB-type stars. Two processes have been proposed to drive the disk evolution in such cruel environments: (1) gravitational interaction between circumstellar disks and nearby passing stars (stellar encounters), and (2) photoevaporation by UV photons from massive stars. The relative importance of both mechanisms is not well understood. Studies of massive young star clusters can provide observational constraints on the processes of driving disk evolution. We investigate the properties of young stars and their disks in the NGC 6357 complex, concentrating on the most massive star cluster within the complex: Pismis 24.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/335/183
- Title:
- Pleiades low-mass stars rotational velocities
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/335/183
- Date:
- 13 Dec 2021 10:00:41
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present new vsini measurements for 235 low-mass stars in the Pleiades. The differential rotational broadening has been resolved for all the stars in our sample. These results, combined with previously published measurements, provide a complete and unbiased rotation data set for stars in the mass range from 0.6 to 1.2M_{sun}_. Applying a numerical inversion technique on the vsini distributions, we derive the distributions of equatorial velocities for low-mass Pleiades members. We find that half of the Pleiades dwarfs with a mass between 0.6 to 1M_{sun}_ have rotation rates lower than 10km/s.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/121/1040
- Title:
- PMS members of upper Scorpius OB association
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/121/1040
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the results of a large intermediate-resolution spectroscopic survey for pre-main-sequence (PMS) stars in the Upper Scorpius OB association, the nearest region of recent massive star formation. Utilizing the 2dF multiobject spectrograph at the Anglo-Australian Telescope, we obtained spectra of 576 stars with magnitudes 12.5<=R<=16.5 in a 6{deg}^2^ area in Upper Scorpius. Among these objects we were able to identify 98 new PMS stars, nearly all of them M-type stars, by their strong lithium absorption lines. We place the new PMS stars into the H-R diagram and find that their ages agree well with the mean age of 5Myr determined in our earlier investigation based on a smaller sample of stars. The number of low-mass (0.1M_{sun}_<~M*<~0.5M_{sun}) members is at least as high as expected from the known number of high-mass (M*>~3M_{sun}_) association members and from recent determinations of the field star initial mass function. Thus, there is no deficit of low-mass stars in Upper Scorpius.
357. PMS stars in h Per
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/589/A113
- Title:
- PMS stars in h Per
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/589/A113
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Several studies showed that the magnetic activity of late-type main-sequence (MS) stars is characterized by different regimes and that their activity levels are well described by the Ross by number, Ro, defined as the ratio between the rotational period P_rot_ and the convective turnover time. Very young pre-main-sequence (PMS) stars show, similarly to MS stars, intense magnetic activity. However, they do not show clear activity-rotation trends, and it still debated which stellar parameters determine their magnetic activity levels. To bridge the gap between MS and PMS stars, we studied the activity-rotation relation in the young cluster h Persei, a ~13Myr old cluster, that contains both fast and slow rotators. The cluster members have ended their accretion phase and have developed a radiative core. It therefore offers us the opportunity of studying the activity level of intermediate-age PMS stars with different rotational velocities, excluding any interactions with the circumstellar environment We constrained the magnetic activity levels of h Per members by measuring their X-ray emission from a Chandra observation, while rotational periods were obtained previously in the framework of the MONITOR project. By cross-correlating these data, we collected a final catalog of 414 h Per members with known rotational period, effective temperature, and mass. In 169 of these, X-ray emission has also been detected.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/467/1397
- Title:
- PMS stars in open clusters: the DAY-I Catalogue
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/467/1397
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the basic ideas and first results from the project we are carrying out at present, the search for and characterisation of pre-main sequence (PMS) stars among the members of Galactic young clusters. The observations of 10 southern clusters, nine of them located in the Carina-Sagittarius spiral arm of the Milky Way are presented. We aim at listing candidate PMS member stars in young clusters. The catalogued stars will serve as a basis for future spectroscopic studies of individual objects to determine the properties of stellar formation in the last phases before the main sequence stage. Properties such as the presence of residual envelopes or disks, age spread among PMS members, and the possible presence of several episodes of star formation in the clusters, are to be addressed. Multicolour photometry in the UBVRcIc system has been obtained for 10 southern young clusters in the fourth Galactic quadrant, located between Galactic longitudes l=238 and l=310. For six clusters in the sample, the observations presented here provide the first published study based on CCD photometry. A quantitative comparison is performed with post-MS isochrones, and PMS isochrones from three different evolutionary models are used in the photometric membership analysis for possible PMS stars. The observations produce photometric indices in the Johnson-Cousins photometric systems for a total of 26962 stars. The matching of our pixel coordinates with corresponding fields in the 2MASS data base provides astrometric calibration for all catalogued stars and JHK 2MASS photometric indices for 60% of them. Post-MS cluster ages range from 4 to 60Myr, whereas the photometric membership analysis assigns PMS membership assignment to a total of 842 stars, covering an age range between 1 and 10Myr. This information on the PMS candidate members has been collected into a catalogue, named DAY-I, which contains 16 entries for 842 stars in the field of 10 southern clusters.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/496/223
- Title:
- PMS tracks at low Z for 0.1<=M<=1.5
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/496/223
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- While MLT-alpha^2D^ models are not available for lower metallicities, we extend to lower Z the NEMO-FST models, under the hypothesis that in such a way we are simulating the results of MLT-alpha^2D^ models also at smaller Z. We use standard stellar computation techniques in which the atmospheric boundary conditions are derived making use of model atmosphere grids. This allows us to take into account the non greyness of the atmosphere, but adds a new parameter to the stellar structure uncertainty, namely the efficiency of convection in the atmospheric structure, if convection is computed in the atmospheric grid by a model different to the model adopted for the interior integration.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/267/755
- Title:
- Polarimetry in the Chamaeleon I Dark Cloud
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/267/755
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Position angles and magnitudes of linear polarization in the H band have been measured for 66 stars embedded in or behind the Chamaeleon I dark cloud. These data are used to demonstrate that the magnetic field permeating the cloud has an ordered structure over the full extent of the dark cloud (~4pc), with the magnetic field direction changing smoothly from a position angle of ~100 degrees in the vicinity of HD 97300 in the north to ~140 degrees in the vicinity of HD 97048 in the south and west. The elongation of the dark cloud is consistent with collapse preferentially along magnetic field lines. The polarizing efficiency of the cloud decreases with increasing line-of-sight extinction. Cloud members show a larger range in degree of polarization and position angle, which is interpreted as due to anisotropic scattering local to these stars. The IRAS 11054-7706C bipolar CO outflow is unusual in that it is oriented at >60 degrees to the cloud magnetic field direction. The Chamaeleon Infrared Nebula is polarized at ~30 per cent in the H band and also is oriented at ~50 degrees to the local magnetic field. We suggest that gravitational forces may have overwhelmed magnetic support locally to form these relatively massive stars.
