- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/615/A9
- Title:
- Distribution of Serpens South protostars
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/615/A9
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Clusters are common sites of star formation, whose members display varying degrees of mass segregation. The cause may be primordial or dynamical, or a combination both. If mass segregation were to be observed in a very young protostellar cluster, then the primordial case can be assumed more likely for that region. We investigated the masses and spatial distributions of pre-stellar and protostellar candidates in the young, low-mass star forming region Serpens South, where active star formation is known to occur along a predominant filamentary structure. Previous observations used to study these distributions have been limited by two important observational factors: (1) sensitivity limits that leave the lowest-mass sources undetected, or (2) resolution limits that cannot distinguish binaries and/or cluster members in close proximity. Recent millimeter-wavelength interferometry observations can now uncover faint and/or compact sources in order to study a more complete population of protostars, especially in nearby (D<500pc) clusters. Here we present ALMA observations of 1mm (Band 6) continuum in a 3x2-arcminutes region at the center of Serpens South. Our angular resolution of 1-arcsec is equivalent to 400 au, corresponding to scales of envelopes and/or disks of protostellar sources. We detect 52 sources with 1mm continuum, and we measure masses of 0.002-0.9 solar masses corresponding to gas and dust in the disk and/or envelope of the protostellar system. For the deeply embedded (youngest) sources with no IR counterparts, we find evidence of mass segregation and clustering according to: the Minimum Spanning Tree method, distribution of projected separations between unique sources, and concentration of higher-mass sources near to the dense gas at the cluster center. The mass segregation of the mm sources is likely primordial rather than dynamical given the young age of this cluster, compared with segregation time. This is the first case to show this for mm sources in a low-mass protostellar cluster environment.
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Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/518/A29
- Title:
- Distribution of WR stars in 2 nearby galaxies
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/518/A29
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We study the distribution of Wolf-Rayet (WR) stars and their subtypes with respect to their host galaxy light distribution. We thus want to investigate whether WR stars are potential progenitors of stripped-envelope core-collapse supernovae (SNe) and/or long-duration gamma-ray bursts (LGRBs).
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/444/2428
- Title:
- Disturbance levels of SNe host galaxies
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/444/2428
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present an analysis of the relative frequencies of different supernova (SN) types in spirals with various morphologies and in barred or unbarred galaxies. We use a well-defined and homogeneous sample of spiral host galaxies of 692 SNe from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey in different stages of galaxy-galaxy interaction and activity classes of nucleus. We propose that the underlying mechanisms shaping the number ratios of SNe types can be interpreted within the framework of interaction-induced star formation, in addition to the known relations between morphologies and stellar populations. We find a strong trend in behaviour of the N_Ia_/N_CC_ ratio depending on host morphology, such that early spirals include more Type Ia SNe. The N_Ibc_/N_II_ ratio is higher in a broad bin of early-type hosts. The N_Ia_/N_CC_ ratio is nearly constant when changing from normal, perturbed to interacting galaxies, then declines in merging galaxies, whereas it jumps to the highest value in post-merging/remnant galaxies. In contrast, the N_Ibc_/N_II_ ratio jumps to the highest value in merging galaxies and slightly declines in post-merging/remnant subsample. The interpretation is that the star formation rates and morphologies of galaxies, which are strongly affected in the final stages of interaction, have an impact on the number ratios of SNe types. The N_Ia_/N_CC_ (N_Ibc_/N_II_) ratio increases (decreases) from star-forming to active galactic nuclei (AGN) classes of galaxies. These variations are consistent with the scenario of an interaction-triggered starburst evolving into AGN during the later stages of interaction, accompanied with the change of star formation and transformation of the galaxy morphology into an earlier type.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/899/166
- Title:
- Disturbance storm time index of 1903 sun outburst
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/899/166
- Date:
- 14 Mar 2022 09:07:00
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- This paper presents the results of the spectrum analysis of the B-type magnetic chemically peculiar star HR465. HR465 shows unusual abundance patterns that vary with a period of 21.5yr. Our observations are recorded at ph=0.45, 0.68, and 0.85 of the spectroscopic period, where ph=0 represents the phase of maximum flux in the photometric y-band. Synthetic spectra, computed using an LTE atmosphere model, are fit to high-resolution ultraviolet Hubble Space Telescope (ph=0.45) spectra obtained as part of the Advanced Spectral Library Project: Hot Stars program. The ultraviolet data are supplemented by high-resolution optical spectra (ph=0.68 and 0.85) recorded at the Nordic Optical Telescope with the SOFIN spectrograph. The optical data are used as a complement to the high line-density ultraviolet spectrum to derive accurate abundances for elements without spectral lines in the ultraviolet and to improve the abundance phase coverage for many atoms/ions. This analysis presents abundance results for more than 70 atoms/ions and confirms parts of the abundance characteristics previously reported where elements with high mass numbers show significant abundance enhancements compared with solar values while some of the lighter elements show abundance deficiencies. In addition, our measured abundances are consistent with the periodic variability for chromium and rare-earth elements. Our results are compared with earlier investigations of this peculiar object to constrain stellar abundance and diffusion.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/897/L10
- Title:
- Disturbance storm time index; 1903 Sun outburst
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/897/L10
- Date:
- 15 Nov 2021 09:20:23
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- While the Sun is generally more eruptive during its maximum and declining phases, observational evidence shows certain cases of powerful solar eruptions during the quiet phase of solar activity. Occurring in the weak Solar Cycle 14 just after its minimum, the extreme space weather event in 1903 October-November is one of these cases. Here, we reconstruct the time series of geomagnetic activity based on contemporary observational records. With the mid-latitude magnetograms, the 1903 magnetic storm is thought to be caused by a fast coronal mass ejection (~1500km/s) and is regarded as a superstorm with an estimated minimum of the equivalent disturbance storm time index (Dst') of ~-531nT. The reconstructed time series has been compared with the equatorward extension of auroral oval (~44.1 in invariant latitude) and the time series of telegraphic disturbances. This case study shows that potential threats posed by extreme space weather events exist even during weak solar cycles or near their minima.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/147/13
- Title:
- Disturbers of nearby giant galaxies
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/147/13
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The Updated Nearby Galaxy Catalog (UNGC) contains the most comprehensive summary of distances, radial velocities, and luminosities for 800 galaxies located within 11Mpc from us. The high density of observables in the UNGC makes this sample indispensable for checking results of N-body simulations of cosmic structures on a ~1Mpc scale. The environment of each galaxy in the UNGC was characterized by a tidal index {Theta}_1_, depending on the separation and mass of the galaxy's main disturber (MD). We grouped UNGC galaxies with a common MD in suites, and ranked suite members according to their {Theta}_1_. All suite members with positive {Theta}_1_ are assumed to be physical companions of the MD. About 58% of the sample are members of physical groups. The distribution of suites by the number of members, n, follows a relation N(n)~n^-2^. The 20 most populated suites contain 468 galaxies, i.e., 59% of the UNGC sample. The fraction of MDs among the brightest galaxies is almost 100% and drops to 50% at M_B_=-18^m^. We discuss various properties of MDs, as well as galaxies belonging to their suites. The suite abundance practically does not depend on the morphological type, linear diameter, or hydrogen mass of the MD, the tightest correlation being with the MD dynamical mass. Dwarf galaxies around MDs exhibit well-known segregation effects: the population of the outskirts has later morphological types, richer HI contents, and higher rates of star formation activity. Nevertheless, there are some intriguing cases where dwarf spheroidal galaxies occur at the far periphery of the suites, as well as some late-type dwarfs residing close to MDs. Comparing simulation results with galaxy groups, most studies assume the Local Group is fairly typical. However, we recognize that the nearby groups significantly differ from each other and there is considerable variation in their properties. The suites of companions around the Milky Way and M31, consisting of the Local Group, do not quite seem to be a typical nearby group. The multiplicity of nearby groups of the number of their physical members can be described by the Hirsh-like index h_g_=9, indicating that the Local Volume contains nine groups with populations exceeding nine companions to their MDs.
- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/dixon
- Title:
- Dixon Master List of Radio Sources (Version 43)
- Short Name:
- Dixon
- Date:
- 27 Sep 2024
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- This database table is the Dixon Master List of Radio Sources (Version 43, dated November 1981) which contains flux densities for known radio sources detected at a variety of frequencies. The Master List of Radio Sources was prepared by combining about thirty catalogs of radio sources that were available as of that date into a common format. Notice that this is a list of observations, not of individual sources, and that an entry in this table corresponds to an observation of a radio source at a particular frequency from a particular source catalog: also, no attempt was made by the author to use the same name for the same source, e.g., the source 3C 273 appears more than a dozen times under a variety of names such as PKS 1226+02, NRAO400, CTA 53, etc. This database table was recreated at the HEASARC in June 2005 after it was discovered that the positions had been incorrectly precessed. The original input table used for both the previous and current HEASARC Dixon tables was the 43rd version of the Master List, dated November 1981. It was obtained from the Colorado node of the Astrophysics Data System (ADS), the now-defunct HTTP link <adswww.colorado.edu/catalogs/rad_msl43.html>, and apparently was provided by D. E. Harris on or after 1991. Notice that the version of this table that is currently available at CDS (<a href="ftp://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/pub/cats/VII/2A">ftp://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/pub/cats/VII/2A</a>) is, according to Andernach (1989, Bull. Inf. Centre Donnees Stellaires, 37, 139), the 42nd edition (dated 1976) and has only 79493 entries compared to 84510 entries in the HEASARC table. 49 duplicate entries were removed from the HEASARC table in June 2019. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
5028. DK Cygni light curve
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/289/137
- Title:
- DK Cygni light curve
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/289/137
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- (no description available)
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/779/L6
- Title:
- 3D kinematic observations of stars in Galactic Centre
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/779/L6
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present three-dimensional (3D) kinematic observations of stars within the central 0.5pc of the Milky Way (MW) nuclear star cluster (NSC) using adaptive optics imaging and spectroscopy from the Keck telescopes. Recent observations have shown that the cluster has a shallower surface density profile than expected for a dynamically relaxed cusp, leading to important implications for its formation and evolution. However, the true 3D profile of the cluster is unknown due to the difficulty in de-projecting the stellar number counts. Here, we use spherical Jeans modeling of individual proper motions and radial velocities to constrain, for the first time, the de-projected spatial density profile, cluster velocity anisotropy, black hole mass (M_BH_), and distance to the Galactic center (R_0_) simultaneously. We find that the inner stellar density profile of the late-type stars, {rho}(r){prop.to}r^-{gamma}^, have a power law slope {gamma}=0.05_-0.60^+0.29^, much more shallow than the frequently assumed Bahcall-Wolf slope of {gamma}=7/4. The measured slope will significantly affect dynamical predictions involving the cluster, such as the dynamical friction time scale. The cluster core must be larger than 0.5 pc, which disfavors some scenarios for its origin. Our measurement of M_BH_=5.76_-1.26_^+1.76^x10^6^M_{sun}_ and R_0_=8.92_-0.55_^+0.58^kpc is consistent with that derived from stellar orbits within 1" of Sgr A*. When combined with the orbit of S0-2, the uncertainty on R_0_ is reduced by 30% (8.46_-0.38_^+0.42^kpc). We suggest that the MW NSC can be used in the future in combination with stellar orbits to significantly improve constraints on R_0_.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/647/A19
- Title:
- 3D Kinematics and age of OCs
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/647/A19
- Date:
- 17 Dec 2021 13:05:11
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Open Clusters (OCs) can trace with a great accuracy the evolution of the Galactic disk. The aim of this work is to study the kinematical behavior of the OC population over time. We take advantage of the latest age determinations of OCs to investigate the correlations of the 6D phase space coordinates and orbital properties with age. We also investigate the rotation curve of the Milky Way traced by OCs and we compare it to that of other observational or theoretical studies. We gathered nearly 30000 Radial Velocity (RV) measurements of OC members from both Gaia-RVS data and ground based surveys and catalogues. We computed the weighted mean RV, Galactic velocities and orbital parameters of 1382 OCs. We investigated their distributions as a function of age, and by comparison to field stars. We provide the largest RV catalogue available for OCs, half of it based on at least 3 members. Compared to field stars, we note that OCs are not exactly on the same arches in the radial-azimuthal velocity plane, while they seem to follow the same diagonal ridges in the Galactic radial distribution of azimuthal velocities. Velocity ellipsoids in different age bins all show a clear anisotropy. The heating rate of the OC population is similar to that of field stars for the radial and azimuthal components but significantly lower for the vertical component. The rotation curve drawn by our sample of clusters shows several dips, which match the wiggles derived from non-axisymmetric models of the Galaxy. From the computation of orbits, we obtain a clear dependence of the maximum height and eccentricity with age. Finally, the orbital characteristics of the sample of clusters as shown by the action variables, follow the distribution of field stars. The additional age information of the clusters points towards some (weak) age dependence of the known moving groups.