- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/899/121
- Title:
- 127 early type and pre-main-sequence stars in W4
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/899/121
- Date:
- 15 Mar 2022 03:47:36
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Stellar kinematics provides the key to understanding the formation process and dynamical evolution of stellar systems. Here, we present a kinematic study of the massive star-forming region (SFR) W4 in the Cassiopeia OB6 association using the Gaia Data Release 2 and high-resolution optical spectra. This SFR is composed of a core cluster (IC1805) and a stellar population distributed over 20pc, which is a typical structural feature found in many OB associations. According to a classical model, this structural feature can be understood in the context of the dynamical evolution of a star cluster. The core-extended structure exhibits internally different kinematic properties. Stars in the core have an almost isotropic motion, and they appear to reach virial equilibrium given their velocity dispersion (0.9{+/-}0.3km/s) comparable to that in a virial state (~0.8km/s). On the other hand, the distributed population shows a clear pattern of radial expansion. From the N-body simulation for the dynamical evolution of a model cluster in subvirial state, we reproduce the observed structure and kinematics of stars. This model cluster experiences collapse for the first 2Myr. Some members begin to radially escape from the cluster after the initial collapse, eventually forming a distributed population. The internal structure and kinematics of the model cluster appear similar to those of W4. Our results support the idea that the stellar population distributed over 20pc in W4 originate from the dynamical evolution of IC1805.
Number of results to display per page
Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/423/422
- Title:
- Early-type BCGs with star formation
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/423/422
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We identify a total of 120 early-type brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) at 0.1<z<0.4 in two recent large cluster catalogues selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). They are selected with strong emission lines in their optical spectra, with both H{alpha} and [OII]{lambda}3727 line emission, which indicates significant ongoing star formation. They constitute about ~0.5 per cent of the largest, optically selected, low-redshift BCG sample, and the fraction is a strong function of cluster richness. Their star formation history can be well described by a recent minor and short starburst superimposed on an old stellar component, with the recent episode of star formation contributing on average only less than 1 per cent of the total stellar mass. We show that the more massive star-forming BCGs in richer clusters tend to have higher star formation rate (SFR) and specific SFR (SFR per unit galaxy stellar mass). We also compare their statistical properties with a control sample selected from X-ray luminous clusters, and show that the fraction of star-forming BCGs in X-ray luminous clusters is almost one order of magnitude larger than that in optically selected clusters. BCGs with star formation in cooling flow clusters usually have very flat optical spectra and show the most active star formation, which may be connected with cooling flows.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/401/257
- Title:
- Early-type binaries on main sequence
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/401/257
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We showed in a preceding paper based on an analysis of the observed rates of apsidal motion that synchronization in early-type eclipsing binaries continues on the main sequence, and the observed synchronization times, t_syn_, agree with the Zahn's theory (1977A&A....57..383Z) and are inconsistent with the shorter time-scale proposed by Tassoul (1987ApJ...322..856T, 1988ApJ...324L..71T). It follows from this that circularization in early-type binaries must also proceed in accordance with the Zahn's theory because the circularization times, t_circ_, in both theories are rather tightly related to tsyn via relation t_circ_~{alpha}t_syn_, where {alpha} is the orbital-to-axial momentum ratio.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/463/503
- Title:
- Early-type dwarf galaxies in Fornax cluster
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/463/503
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We analyse the photometric properties of the early-type Fornax cluster dwarf galaxy population, based on a wide field imaging study of the central cluster area in V and I. We used the instrument/telescope combination IMACS/Magellan at Las Campanas Observatory. We create a fiducial sample of Fornax cluster dwarf ellipticals (dEs) in the following three steps: (1) To verify cluster membership, we measured I-band surface brightness fluctuation (SBF) distances to candidate dEs; (2) We re-assessed morphological classifications for candidate dEs too faint for SBF detection; and (3) We searched for new candidate dEs in the size-luminosity regime close to the resolution limit of previous surveys. (1) We confirm cluster membership for 28 candidate dEs in the range -16.6<M_V_<-10.1mag by means of SBF distances. We find no SBF background galaxy. (2) Of 51 further candidate dEs in the range -13.2<M_V_<-8.6mag, 2/3 are confirmed as probable cluster members by morphological re-assessment, while 1/3 are re-classified as probable background objects. (3) We find 12 new dE candidates in the range -12.3<M_V_<-8.8mag. The surface brightness-magnitude relation defined by the resulting fiducial dE sample shows that Fornax dEs are about 40% larger than Local Group dEs. The Fornax dE sample furthermore defines a colour-magnitude relation that appears slightly shallower than that of Local Group dEs. The early-type dwarf galaxy luminosity function in Fornax has a faint end slope alpha=-1.1+/- 0.1.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/810/61
- Title:
- Early-type EBs with intermediate orbital periods
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/810/61
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We analyze 221 eclipsing binaries (EBs) in the Large Magellanic Cloud with B-type main-sequence (MS) primaries (M_1_~4-14 M_{sun}_) and orbital periods P=20-50 days that were photometrically monitored by the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment. We utilize our three-stage automated pipeline to (1) classify all 221 EBs, (2) fit physical models to the light curves of 130 detached well-defined EBs from which unique parameters can be determined, and (3) recover the intrinsic binary statistics by correcting for selection effects. We uncover two statistically significant trends with age. First, younger EBs tend to reside in dustier environments with larger photometric extinctions, an empirical relation that can be implemented when modeling stellar populations. Second, younger EBs generally have large eccentricities. This demonstrates that massive binaries at moderate orbital periods are born with a Maxwellian "thermal" orbital velocity distribution, which indicates they formed via dynamical interactions. In addition, the age-eccentricity anticorrelation provides a direct constraint for tidal evolution in highly eccentric binaries containing hot MS stars with radiative envelopes. The intrinsic fraction of B-type MS stars with stellar companions q=M_2_/M_1_>0.2 and orbital periods P=20-50 days is (7+/-2)%. We find early-type binaries at P=20-50 days are weighted significantly toward small mass ratios q~0.2-0.3, which is different than the results from previous observations of closer binaries with P<20 days. This indicates that early-type binaries at slightly wider orbital separations have experienced substantially less competitive accretion and coevolution during their formation in the circumbinary disk.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/III/17B
- Title:
- Early-Type Emission-Line Stars
- Short Name:
- III/17B
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The catalog contains 5326 early-type emission-line stars. Of these, 1424 have no spectral classification but are assumed to be of early type. Some 71 percent of the stars listed here can also be found in the Mount Wilson and the Mount Wilson-Michigan survey catalogs. The catalog contains numerous cross identifications to other designations (name, HD, DM, LS, MWC, TON, HIL, WRA, HEN, etc.), spectroscopic type, magnitudes (visual and blue), equatorial (B1900 and B1950), and galactic coordinates.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/128/1990
- Title:
- Early-type field galaxies at z~0.75
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/128/1990
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We measure the luminosity function of morphologically selected E/S0 galaxies from z=0.5 to 1.0 using deep high-resolution Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) imaging data. Our analysis covers an area of 48arcmin^2^ (8 times the area of the Hubble Deep Field North) and extends 2mag deeper (I~24 mag) than was possible in the Deep Groth Strip Survey (DGSS). Our fields were observed as part of the ACS Guaranteed Time Observations.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/818/182
- Title:
- Early-type galaxies at z<0.04 star formation rates
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/818/182
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We address the relation between star formation and active galactic nucleus (AGN) activity in a sample of 231 nearby (0.0002<z<0.0358) early-type galaxies by carrying out a multi-wavelength study using archival observations in the UV, IR, and radio. Our results indicate that early-type galaxies in the current epoch are rarely powerful AGNs, with P<10^22^W/Hz for a majority of the galaxies. Only massive galaxies are capable of hosting powerful radio sources while less massive galaxies are hosts to lower radio power sources. Evidence of ongoing star formation is seen in approximately 7% of the sample. The star formation rate (SFR) of these galaxies is less than 0.1M_{sun}_/yr. They also tend to be radio faint (P<10^22^W/Hz). There is a nearly equal fraction of star-forming galaxies in radio faint (P<10^22^W/Hz) and radio bright galaxies (P>=10^22^W/Hz) suggesting that both star formation and radio mode feedback are constrained to be very low in our sample. We notice that our galaxy sample and the Brightest Cluster Galaxies follow similar trends in radio power versus SFR. This may be produced if both radio power and SFR are related to stellar mass.
- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/etgalcxo
- Title:
- Early-Type Galaxies Chandra X-Ray Point Source Catalog
- Short Name:
- ETGALCXO
- Date:
- 27 Sep 2024
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- This table contains the results of a Chandra survey of low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) in 24 early-type galaxies. Correcting for detection incompleteness, the X-ray luminosity function (XLF) of each galaxy is consistent with a power law with negative logarithmic differential slope, Beta, ~ 2.0. However, Beta strongly correlates with incompleteness, indicating the XLF flattens at low X-ray luminosity (L<sub>X</sub>). The composite XLF is well fitted by a power law with a break at (2.21 [+0.65,-0.56]) x 10<sup>38</sup> erg s<sup>-1</sup> and Beta = 1.40 [+0.10,-0.13] and = 2.84 [+0.39,-0.30] below and above it, respectively. The break is close to the Eddington limit for a 1.4 solar-mass neutron star, but the XLF shape rules out its representing the division between neutron star and black hole systems. Although the XLFs are similar, the authors find evidence of some variation between galaxies. The high-L<sub>X</sub> XLF slope does not correlate with age, but may correlate with [Alpha/Fe]. Considering only LMXBs with L<sub>X</sub> > 10<sup>37</sup> erg s<sup>-1</sup>, matching the LMXBs with globular clusters (GCs) identified in HST observations of 19 of the galaxies, the authors find the probability a GC hosts an LMXB is proportional to L<sub>GC</sub><sup>Alpha</sup> Z<sub>Fe</sub><sup>Gamma</sup> where Alpha = 1.01 +/- 0.19 and Gamma = 0.33 +/- 0.11. Correcting for GC luminosity and color effects, and detection incompleteness, they find no evidence that the fraction of LMXBs with L<sub>X</sub> > 10<sup>37</sup> erg s<sup>-1</sup> in GCs (40%), or the fraction of GCs hosting LMXBs (~ 6.5%) varies between galaxies. The spatial distribution of LMXBs resembles that of GCs, and the specific frequency of LMXBs is proportional to the GC specific luminosity, consistent with the hypothesis that all LMXBs form in GCs. If the LMXB lifetime is Tau<sub>L</sub> and the duty cycle is F<sub>d</sub>, their results imply ~ 1.5(Tau<sub>L</sub>/10<sup>8</sup> yr)<sup>-1</sup> F<sub>d</sub><sup>-1</sup> LMXBs are formed per gigayear per GC, and they place an upper limit of one active LMXB in the field per 3.4 x 10<sup>9</sup> solar luminosities of V-band luminosity. This table contains 1194 X-ray point sources that were detected within the B-band 25th magnitude ellipse D<sub>25</sub> (as listed in the de Vaucouleurs et al. Catalog of Bright Galaxies) of 24 early-type galaxies observed by Chandra (listed in Table 1 of the reference paper). The D<sub>25</sub> restriction should mitigate against contamination by background AGNs. This table was created by the HEASARC in February 2009 based on the electronic versions of Table 6 from the paper which was obtained from the Astrophysical Journal web site. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/127/2484
- Title:
- Early-type galaxies color evolution
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/127/2484
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a study of the color evolution of elliptical and S0 galaxies in six clusters of galaxies inside the redshift range 0.78<z<1.27. For each cluster, we used imaging from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) to determine morphological types of the galaxies. These types were determined both by an automated technique and from visual inspection. We performed simulations to determine the accuracy of the automated classifications and found a success rate of ~75% at m(L*) or brighter magnitudes for most of our HST imaging data with the fraction of late-type galaxies identified as early-type galaxies to be ~10% at m(L*) to ~20% at m(L*+2). From ground-based optical and near-infrared imaging, we measured the zero point and scatter in the color-magnitude relation of the elliptical and S0 galaxy populations, which we combine with the sample of Stanford et al. (1998ApJ...492..461S), yielding a sample of cluster early-type galaxies that span a look-back time of almost 9Gyr from the present.