- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/584/A113
- Title:
- Gas dynamics in tidal dwarf galaxies
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/584/A113
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Tidal dwarf galaxies (TDGs) are recycled objects that form within the collisional debris of interacting and merging galaxies. They are expected to be devoid of non-baryonic dark matter, since they can only form from dissipative material ejected from the discs of the progenitor galaxies. We investigate the gas dynamics in a sample of six bona fide TDGs around three interacting and post-interacting systems: NGC 4694, NGC 5291, and NGC 7252 ("Atoms for Peace"). For NGC 4694 and NGC 5291, we analyse existing HI data from the Very Large Array (VLA), while for NGC 7252 we present new HI observations from the Jansky VLA, together with long-slit and integral-field optical spectroscopy. For all six TDGs, the HI emission can be described by rotating disc models. These HI discs, however, have undergone less than a full rotation since the time of the interaction/merger event, raising the question of whether they are in dynamical equilibrium. Assuming that these discs are in equilibrium, the inferred dynamical masses are consistent with the observed baryonic masses, implying that TDGs are devoid of dark matter. This puts constraints on putative "dark discs" (either baryonic or non-baryonic) in the progenitor galaxies. Moreover, TDGs seem to systematically deviate from the baryonic Tully-Fisher relation. These results provide a challenging test for alternative theories like MOND.
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Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/421/2888
- Title:
- Gas exchanges between galaxies and IGM
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/421/2888
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Using a representative sample of 65 intermediate-mass galaxies at z~0.6, we have investigated the interplay between the main ingredients of chemical evolution: metal abundance, gas mass, stellar mass and star formation rate (SFR). All quantities have been estimated using deep spectroscopy and photometry from ultraviolet to infrared and assuming an inversion of the Kennicutt-Schmitt law for the gas fraction. Six billion years ago, galaxies had a mean gas fraction of 32+/-3 per cent, i.e. twice that of their local counterparts. Using higher redshift samples from the literature, we explore the gas phases and estimate the evolution of the mean gas fraction of distant galaxies over the last 11Gyr.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/627/A132
- Title:
- GAS II. UV luminosity functions & InfraRed eXcess
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/627/A132
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Dust is a crucial component of the interstellar medium of galaxies. The presence of dust strongly affects the light produced by stars within a galaxy. As these photons are our main information vector to explore the stellar mass assembly and therefore understand a galaxy's evolution, modeling the luminous properties of galaxies and taking into account the impact of the dust is a fundamental challenge for semi-analytical models. We present the complete prescription of dust attenuation implemented in the new semi-analytical model (SAM): G.A.S. . This model is based on a two-phase medium originating from a physically motivated turbulent model of gas structuring (G.A.S. I paper). Dust impact is treated by taking into account three dust components: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Very Small Grains, and Big Grains. All three components evolve in both a diffuse and a fragmented/dense gas phase. Each phase has its own stars, dust content and geometry. Dust content evolves according to the metallicity of it associated phase. The G.A.S. model is used to predict both the UV and the IR luminosity functions from z=9.0 to z=0.1. Our two-phase ISM prescription catches very well the evolution of UV and IR luminosity functions. We note a small overproduction of the IR luminosity at low redshift (z<0.5). We also focus on the Infrared-Excess (IRX) and explore its dependency with the stellar mass, UV slope, stellar age, metallicity and slope of the attenuation curves. Our model predicts large scatters for relations based on IRX, especially for the IRX- relation. Our analysis reveals that the slope of the attenuation curve is more driven by absolute attenuation in the FUV band than by disk inclination.We confirm that the age of the stellar population and the slope of the attenuation curve can both shift galaxies below the fiducial star-birth relation in the IRX- diagram. Main results presented in this paper (e.g. luminosity functions) and in the two other associated G.A.S. papers are stored and available in the GALAKSIENN library through the ZENODO platform.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/462/1329
- Title:
- Gas infall in disc galaxy models
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/462/1329
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Spiral galaxies are thought to acquire their gas through a protracted infall phase resulting in the inside-out growth of their associated discs. For field spirals, this infall occurs in the lower density environments of the cosmic web. The overall infall rate, as well as the galactocentric radius at which this infall is incorporated into the star-forming disc, plays a pivotal role in shaping the characteristics observed today. Indeed, characterizing the functional form of this spatio-temporal infall in situ is exceedingly difficult, and one is forced to constrain these forms using the present day state of galaxies with model or simulation predictions. We present the infall rates used as input to a grid of chemical evolution models spanning the mass spectrum of discs observed today. We provide a systematic comparison with alternate analytical infall schemes in the literature, including a first comparison with cosmological simulations. Identifying the degeneracies associated with the adopted infall rate prescriptions in galaxy models is an important step in the development of a consistent picture of disc galaxy formation and evolution.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/627/A131
- Title:
- GAS I. Stellar mass functions
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/627/A131
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Star formation in galaxies is inefficient, and understanding how star formation is regulated in galaxies is one of the most fundamental challenges of contemporary astrophysics. Radiative cooling, feedback from supernovae and active galactic nuclei, largescale dynamics and dissipation of turbulent energy act over various time and spatial scales, and all regulate star formation in a complex gas cycle. This paper presents the physics implemented in a new semi-analytical model of galaxy formation and evolution: G.A.S. . The fundamental underpinning of our new model is the development of a multi-phase interstellar medium (ISM) in which energy produced by supernovae and active galaxy nuclei maintains an equilibrium between the diffuse, hot, stable gas and a cooler, clumpy, low-volume filling factor gas. The hot gas is susceptible to thermal and dynamical instabilities. We include a description of how turbulence leads to the formation of giant molecular clouds through an inertial turbulent energy cascade, assuming a constant kinetic energy transfer per unit volume. We explicitly model the evolution of the velocity dispersion at different scales of the cascade and account for thermal instabilities in the hot halo gas. Thermal instabilities effectively reduces the impact of radiative cooling and moderates accretion rates onto galaxies, and in particular, for those residing in massive halos. We show that rapid and multiple exchanges between diffuse and unstable gas phases strongly regulates star-formation rates in galaxies because only a small fraction of the unstable gas is forming stars. We checked that the characteristic timescales describing the gas cycle, the gas depletion timescale and the star-forming laws at different scales are in good agreement with observations. For high mass halos and galaxies, cooling is naturally regulated by the growth of thermal instabilities, so we do not need to implement strong AGN feedback in this model. Our results are also in good agreement with the observed stellar mass function from z~=6.0 to z~=0.5. Our model offers the flexibility to test the impact of various physical processes on the regulation of star formation on a representative population of galaxies across cosmic times. Thermal instabilities and the cascade of turbulent energy in the dense gas phase introduce a delay between gas accretion and star formation, which keeps galaxy growth inefficient in the early Universe. The main results presented in this paper, such as stellar mass functions, are available in the GALAKSIENN library.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AZh/71/189
- Title:
- Gas Kinematics from Halpha line in NGC 4151
- Short Name:
- J/AZh/71/189
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The nucleus spectra of the Seyfert galaxy NGC 4151 obtained in 1988-1991 were analyzed in order to study the profile variability of the Ha line resulting from ionizing continuum flux variations. At the time of this galaxy monitoring, the response of the integral flux of the Ha line was almost linear and the average profile shape did not change by more than 5%.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/573/A59
- Title:
- Gas kinematics in CALIFA survey
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/573/A59
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Ionized gas kinematics provide important clues to the dynamical structure of galaxies and hold constraints to the processes driving their evolution. The motivation of this work is to provide an overall characterization of the kinematic behavior of the ionized gas of the galaxies included in the Calar Alto Legacy Integral field Area (CALIFA), offering kinematic clues to potential users of the CALIFA survey for including kinematical criteria in their selection of targets for specific studies. From the first 200 galaxies observed by CALIFA survey in its two configurations, we present the two-dimensional kinematic view of the 177 galaxies satisfaying a gas content/detection threshold. After removing the stellar contribution, we used the cross-correlation technique to obtain the radial velocity of the dominant gaseous component for each spectrum in the CALIFA data cubes for different emission lines (namely, [OII] {lambda}{lambda}3726,3729, [OIII] {lambda}{lambda}4959,5007, H{alpha}+[NII] {lambda}{lambda}6548,6584, and [SII]{lambda}{lambda}6716,6730). The main kinematic parameters measured on the plane of the sky were directly derived from the radial velocities with no assumptions on the internal prevailing motions. Evidence of the presence of several gaseous components with different kinematics were detected by using [OIII] {lambda}{lambda}4959,5007 emission line profiles.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/520/A109
- Title:
- Gas kinematics of spiral galaxies
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/520/A109
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We trace the interaction processes of galaxies at intermediate redshift by measuring the irregularity of their ionized gas kinematics, and investigate these irregularities as a function of the environment (cluster versus field) and of morphological type (spiral versus irregular). We obtain the gas velocity fields by placing three parallel and adjacent VLT/FORS2 slits on each galaxy. To quantify irregularities in the gas kinematics, we use three indicators: the standard deviation of the kinematic position angle ({sigma}_PA_), the mean deviation of the line of sight velocity profile from the cosine form which is measured using high order Fourier terms (k_3,5_/k_1_) and the average misalignment between the kinematical and photometric major axes ({Delta}{phi}). These indicators are then examined together with some photometric and structural parameters (measured from HST and FORS2 images in the optical) such as the disk scale length, rest-frame colors, asymmetry, concentration, Gini coefficient and M20 . Our sample consists of 92 distant galaxies. 16 cluster (z~0.3 and z~0.5) and 29 field galaxies (0.10<=z<=0.91, mean z=0.44) of these have velocity fields with sufficient signal to be analyzed. To compare our sample with the local universe, we also analyze a sample from the SINGS survey.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/568/A91
- Title:
- Gas opacity in circumstellar environments
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/568/A91
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- In a molecular cloud dust opacity typically dominates over gas opacity, yet in the vicinities of forming stars dust is depleted, and gas is the sole provider of opacity. In the optically thin circumstellar environments the radiation temperature cannot be assumed to be equal to the gas temperature, hence the two-temperature Planck means are necessary to calculate the radiative equilibrium. By using the two-temperature mean opacity one does obtain the proper equilibrium gas temperature in a circumstellar environment, which is in a chemical equilibrium. A careful consideration of a radiative transfer problem reveals that the equilibrium temperature solution can be degenerate in an optically thin gaseous environment. We compute mean gas opacities based on the publicly available code DFSYNTHE by Kurucz and Castelli. We performed the calculations assuming local thermodynamic equilibrium and an ideal gas equation of state. The values were derived by direct integration of the high-resolution opacity spectrum.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/791/L28
- Title:
- Gas-phase detection of c-C_3_H_3_^+^
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/791/L28
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The cyclopropenyl cation (c-C_3_H_3_^+^) is the smallest aromatic hydrocarbon molecule and considered to be a pivotal intermediate in ion-molecule reactions in space. An astronomical identification has been prohibited so far, because of a lack of gas-phase data. Here we report the first high resolution infrared laboratory gas-phase spectrum of the {nu}_4_(C-H asymmetric stretching) fundamental band of c-C_3_H_3_^+^. The c-C_3_H_3_^+^ cations are generated in supersonically expanding planar plasma by discharging a propyne/helium gas pulse, yielding a rotational temperature of ~35 K. The absorption spectrum is recorded in the 3.19 {mu}m region using sensitive continuous-wave cavity ring-down spectroscopy. The analysis of about 130 ro-vibrational transitions results in precise spectroscopic parameters. These constants allow for an accurate comparison with high-level theoretical predictions, and provide the relevant information needed to search for this astrochemically relevant carbo-cation in space.