- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/PAZh/43/407
- Title:
- S5 0716+714 polarization & brightness 1991-2004
- Short Name:
- J/PAZh/43/407
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We investigate the photometric and polarimetric behavior of the blazar S5 0716+714 based on the observations carried out in 1991-2004 at the 125-cm Crimean Astrophysical Observatory telescope (AZT11) with a photopolarimeter that allows simultaneous polarization and brightness measurements to be made in the UBV RI bands. We also provide the UBV photometry for the blazar obtained in 2000-2009 with a 60-cm telescope at the Crimean Station of the Sternberg Astronomical Institute. The pattern of flux variability and the correlation between the brightness, color, and polarization variations have been investigated. In this time interval the blazar showed a significant brightness and polarization variability similar to noise processes.
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Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/871/187
- Title:
- Spot parameters on KIC solar-type stars
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/871/187
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Active solar-type stars show large quasi-periodic brightness variations caused by stellar rotation with star spots, and the amplitude changes as the spots emerge and decay. The Kepler data are suitable for investigations of the emergence and decay processes of star spots, which are important to understand the underlying stellar dynamo and stellar flares. In this study, we measured the temporal evolution of the star-spot area with Kepler data by tracing the local minima of the light curves. In this analysis, we extracted the temporal evolution of star spots showing clear emergence and decay without being disturbed by stellar differential rotation. We applied this method to 5356 active solar-type stars observed by Kepler and obtained temporal evolution of 56 individual star spots. We calculated the lifetimes and emergence/decay rates of the star spots from the obtained temporal evolution of the spot area. As a result, we found that the lifetimes (T) of star spots range from 10 to 350days when the spot areas (A) are 0.1%-2.3% of the solar hemisphere. We also compared them with sunspot lifetimes and found that the lifetimes of star spots are much shorter than those extrapolated from an empirical relation of sunspots (T{propto}A), while being consistent with other research on star-spot lifetimes. The emergence and decay rates of star spots are typically 5x10^20^Mx/hr (8MSH/hr) with an area of 0.1%-2.3% of the solar hemisphere and mostly consistent with those expected from sunspots, which may indicate the same underlying processes.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/593/A38
- Title:
- SPOTS II. Planets Orbiting Two Stars
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/593/A38
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- A large number of direct imaging surveys for exoplanets have been performed in recent years, yielding the first directly imaged planets and providing constraints on the prevalence and distribution of wide planetary systems. However, like most of the radial velocity ones, these generally focus on single stars, hence binaries and higher-order multiples have not been studied to the same level of scrutiny. This motivated the Search for Planets Orbiting Two Stars (SPOTS) survey, which is an ongoing direct imaging study of a large sample of close binaries, started with VLT/NACO and now continuing with VLT/SPHERE. To complement this survey, we have identified the close binary targets in 24 published direct imaging surveys. Here we present our statistical analysis of this combined body of data. We analysed a sample of 117 tight binary systems, using a combined Monte Carlo and Bayesian approach to derive the expected values of the frequency of companions, for different values of the companion's semi-major axis. Our analysis suggest that the frequency of sub-stellar companions in wide orbit is moderately low (=>13% with a best value of 6% at 95% confidence level) and not significantly different between single stars and tight binaries. One implication of this result is that the very high frequency of circumbinary planets in wide orbits around post-common envelope binaries, implied by eclipse timing, cannot be uniquely due to planets formed before the common-envelope phase (first generation planets), supporting instead the second generation planet formation or a non-Keplerian origin of the timing variations.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/833/170
- Title:
- Spots parameters for LCs of the EB star KIC 6048106
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/833/170
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the Kepler photometry of KIC 6048106, which is exhibiting the O'Connell effect and multiperiodic pulsations. Including a starspot on either of the components, light-curve synthesis indicates that this system is a semi-detached Algol with a mass ratio of 0.211, an orbital inclination of 73.9{deg}, and a large temperature difference of 2534K. To examine in detail both the spot variations and pulsations, we separately analyzed the Kepler time-series data at the interval of an orbital period in an iterative way. The results reveal that the variable asymmetries of the light maxima can be interpreted as the changes with time of a magnetic cool spot on the secondary component. Multiple frequency analyses were performed in the outside-eclipse light residuals after removal of the binarity effects from the observed Kepler data. We detected 30 frequencies with signal to noise amplitude ratios larger than 4.0, of which six (f_2_-f_6_ and f_10_) can be identified as high-order (17<=n<=25) low-degree (l=2) gravity-mode pulsations that were stable during the observing run of 200 days. In contrast, the other frequencies may be harmonic and combination terms. For the six frequencies, the pulsation periods and pulsation constants are in the ranges of 0.352-0.506 days and 0.232-0.333 days, respectively. These values and the position on the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram demonstrate that the primary star is a {gamma} Dor variable. The evolutionary status and the pulsation nature of KIC 6048106 are discussed.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/404/1529
- Title:
- s-process in low-metallicity stars
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/404/1529
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- A large sample of carbon-enhanced metal-poor stars enriched in s-process elements (CEMP-s) have been observed in the Galactic halo. These stars of low mass (M~0.9M_{sun}_) are located on the main-sequence or the red-giant phase, and do not undergo third dredge-up (TDU) episodes. The s-process enhancement is most plausibly due to accretion in a binary system from a more massive companion when on the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) phase (now a white dwarf). In order to interpret the spectroscopic observations, updated AGB models are needed to follow in detail the s-process nucleosynthesis. We present nucleosynthesis calculations based on AGB stellar models obtained with Frascati Raphson-Newton Evolutionary Code (FRANEC) for low initial stellar masses and low metallicities. For a given metallicity, a wide spread in the abundance of the s-process elements is obtained by varying the amount of 13C and its profile in the pocket, where the 13C({alpha}, n)16O reaction is the major neutron source, releasing neutrons in radiative conditions during the interpulse phase. We also account for the second neutron source ^22^Ne({alpha},n)^25^Mg, partially activated during convective thermal pulses.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/418/284
- Title:
- s-process in low-metallicity stars. II.
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/418/284
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- High-resolution spectroscopic observations of 100 metal-poor carbon and s-rich stars (CEMP-s) collected from the literature are compared with the theoretical nucleosynthesis models of the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) presented in Paper I, Cat. J/MNRAS/404/1529.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/628/A23
- Title:
- SPT0346-52 CO and H2O ALMA images
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/628/A23
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present and study spatially resolved imaging obtained with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) of multiple ^12^CO(J=6-5, 8-7 and 9-8) and two H_2_O(2_02_-1_11_ and 2_11_-2_02_) emission lines and cold dust continuum toward the gravitationally lensed dusty star forming galaxy SPT0346-52 at z=5.656. Using a visibility-domain source-plane reconstruction we probe the structure and dynamics of the different components of the interstellar medium (ISM) in this galaxy down to scales of 1kpc in the source plane. Measurements of the intrinsic sizes of the different CO emission lines indicate that the higher J transitions trace more compact regions in the galaxy. Similarly, we find smaller dust continuum intrinsic sizes with decreasing wavelength, based on observations at rest-frame 130, 300 and 450um. The source shows significant velocity structure, and clear asymmetry where an elongated structure is observed in the source plane with significant variations in their reconstructed sizes. This could be attributed to a compact merger or turbulent disk rotation. The differences in velocity structure through the different line tracers, however, hint at the former scenario in agreement with previous [CII] line imaging results. Measurements of the CO line ratios and magnifications yield significant variations as a function of velocity, suggesting that modeling of the ISM using integrated values could be misinterpreted. Modeling of the ISM in SPT0346-52 based on delensed fluxes indicate a highly dense and warm medium, qualitatively similar to that observed in high redshift quasar hosts.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/837/88
- Title:
- SPT-GMOS spectroscopy of gal. in massive clusters
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/837/88
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The velocity distribution of galaxies in clusters is not universal; rather, galaxies are segregated according to their spectral type and relative luminosity. We examine the velocity distributions of different populations of galaxies within 89 Sunyaev Zel'dovich (SZ) selected galaxy clusters spanning 0.28<z<1.08. Our sample is primarily draw from the SPT-GMOS spectroscopic survey, supplemented by additional published spectroscopy, resulting in a final spectroscopic sample of 4148 galaxy spectra -- 2868 cluster members. The velocity dispersion of star-forming cluster galaxies is 17+/-4% greater than that of passive cluster galaxies, and the velocity dispersion of bright (m<m^*^-0.5) cluster galaxies is 11+/-4% lower than the velocity dispersion of our total member population. We find good agreement with simulations regarding the shape of the relationship between the measured velocity dispersion and the fraction of passive versus star-forming galaxies used to measure it, but we find a small offset between this relationship as measured in data and simulations, which suggests that our dispersions are systematically low by as much as 3% relative to simulations. We argue that this offset could be interpreted as a measurement of the effective velocity bias that describes the ratio of our observed velocity dispersions and the intrinsic velocity dispersion of dark matter particles in a published simulation result. Measuring velocity bias in this way suggests that large spectroscopic surveys can improve dispersion-based mass-observable scaling relations for cosmology even in the face of velocity biases, by quantifying and ultimately calibrating them out.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/160/130
- Title:
- SpT & NIR color excess of Solar-type stars
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/160/130
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Although solar-analog stars have been studied extensively over the past few decades, most of these studies have focused on visible wavelengths, especially those identifying solar-analog stars to be used as calibration tools for observations. As a result, there is a dearth of well-characterized solar analogs for observations in the near-infrared, a wavelength range important for studying solar system objects. We present 184 stars selected based on solar-like spectral type and V-J and V-K colors whose spectra we have observed in the 0.8-4.2{mu}m range for calibrating our asteroid observations. Each star has been classified into one of three ranks based on spectral resemblance to vetted solar analogs. Of our set of 184 stars, we report 145 as reliable solar-analog stars, 21 as solar analogs usable after spectral corrections with low-order polynomial fitting, and 18 as unsuitable for use as calibration standards owing to spectral shape, variability, or features at low to medium resolution. We conclude that all but five of our candidates are reliable solar analogs in the longer wavelength range from 2.5 to 4.2{mu}m. The average colors of the stars classified as reliable or usable solar analogs are V-J=1.148, V-H=1.418, and V-K= 1.491, with the entire set being distributed fairly uniformly in R.A. across the sky between -27{deg} and +67{deg} in decl.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/474/1065
- Title:
- SPT-selected galaxy clusters X-ray analysis
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/474/1065
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We analyse Chandra X-ray Observatory observations of a set of galaxy clusters selected by the South Pole Telescope using a new publicly available forward-modelling projection code, MBPROJ2, assuming hydrostatic equilibrium. By fitting a power law plus constant entropy model we find no evidence for a central entropy floor in the lowest entropy systems. A model of the underlying central entropy distribution shows a narrow peak close to zero entropy which accounts for 60 per cent of the systems, and a second broader peak around 130keV.cm^2^. We look for evolution over the 0.2-1.2 redshift range of the sample in density, pressure, entropy and cooling time at 0.015R_500_ and at 10kpc radius. By modelling the evolution of the central quantities with a simple model, we find no evidence for a non-zero slope with redshift. In addition, a non-parametric sliding median shows no significant change. The fraction of cool-core clusters with central cooling times below 2Gyr is consistent above and below z=0.6 (~30-40 per cent). Both by comparing the median thermodynamic profiles, centrally biased towards cool cores, in two redshift bins, and by modelling the evolution of the unbiased average profile as a function of redshift, we find no significant evolution beyond self-similar scaling in any of our examined quantities. Our average modelled radial density, entropy and cooling-time profiles appear as power laws with breaks around 0.2R_500_. The dispersion in these quantities rises inwards of this radius to around 0.4dex, although some of this scatter can be fitted by a bimodal model.