- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/592/A87
- Title:
- Chemical abundances of solar analogues
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/592/A87
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- During the past decade, several studies reported a correlation between chemical abundances of stars and condensation temperature (also known as Tc trend). However, the real astrophysical nature of this correlation is still debated. The main goal of this work is to explore the possible dependence of the Tc trend on stellar Galactocentric distances, Rmean. We used high-quality spectra of about 40 stars observed with the HARPS and UVES spectrographs to derive precise stellar parameters, chemical abundances, and stellar ages. A differential line-by-line analysis was applied to achieve the highest possible precision in the chemical abundances. We confirm previous results that [X/Fe] abundance ratios depend on stellar age and that for a given age, some elements also show a dependence on Rmean. When using the whole sample of stars, we observe a weak hint that the Tc trend depends on Rmean. The observed dependence is very complex and disappears when only stars with similar ages are considered. To conclude on the possible dependence of the Tc trend on the formation place of stars, a larger sample of stars with very similar atmospheric parameters and stellar ages observed at different Galactocentric distances is needed.
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Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/562/A71
- Title:
- Chemical abundances of solar neighbourhood dwarfs
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/562/A71
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a detailed elemental abundance study of 714 F and G dwarf and subgiant stars in the Solar neighbourhood. The analysis is based on high-resolution spectra obtained with MIKE on the Magellan telescope, FEROS on the ESO 1.5m and 2.2m telescopes, HARPS on the ESO 3.6m telescope, UVES on the ESO Very Large Telescope, SOFIN and FIES on the Nordic Optical Telescope. Our data show that there is an old and alpha-enhanced disk population, and a younger and less alpha-enhanced disk population. While they overlap greatly in metallicity between -0.7<[Fe/H]<+0.1, they show a bimodal distribution in [alpha/Fe]. This bimodality becomes even clearer if stars where stellar parameters and abundances show larger uncertainties (Teff<5400K) are discarded, showing that it is important to constrain the data set to a narrow range in the stellar parameters if small differences between stellar populations are to be revealed. In addition, we find that the alpha-enhanced population has orbital parameters placing the stellar birthplaces in the inner Galactic disk while the low-alpha stars mainly come from the outer Galactic disk, fully consistent with the recent claims of a short scale-length for the alpha-enhanced Galactic thick disk. We have also investigated the properties of the Hercules stream and the Arcturus moving group.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/808/42
- Title:
- CHemical Abundances of Spirals (CHAOS) II. M51
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/808/42
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We have observed NGC 5194 (M51a) as part of the CHemical Abundances of Spirals project (CHAOS). Using the Multi Object Double Spectrographs on the Large Binocular Telescope we are able to measure one or more of the temperature-sensitive auroral lines ([OIII]{lambda}4363, [NII]{lambda}5755, [SIII]{lambda}6312) and thus measure "direct" gas-phase abundances in 29 individual HII regions. [OIII]{lambda}4363 is only detected in two HII regions, both of which show indications of excitation by shocks. We compare our data to previous direct abundances measured in NGC 5194 and find excellent agreement ({Delta}[log(O/H)]~0.05) for all but one region. We find no evidence of trends in Ar/O, Ne/O, or S/O within NGC 5194 or compared to other galaxies. We find modest negative gradients in both O/H and N/O with very little scatter ({sigma}<=0.08dex), most of which can be attributed to random error and not to intrinsic dispersion. The gas-phase abundance gradient is consistent with the gradients observed in other interacting galaxies, which tend to be shallower than gradients measured in isolated galaxies. The N/O ratio (<log(N/O)>=-0.62) suggests secondary nitrogen production is responsible for a significantly larger fraction of nitrogen (e.g., factor of 8-10), relative to primary production mechanisms than predicted by theoretical models.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/806/16
- Title:
- CHemical Abundances of Spirals (CHAOS). I. NGC628
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/806/16
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The CHemical Abundances of Spirals (CHAOS) project leverages the combined power of the Large Binocular Telescope (LBT) with the broad spectral range and sensitivity of the Multi Object Double Spectrograph (MODS) to measure "direct" abundances (based on observations of the temperature-sensitive auroral lines) in large samples of HII regions in spiral galaxies. We present LBT MODS observations of 62 HII regions in the nearby spiral galaxy NGC 628, with an unprecedentedly large number of auroral lines measurements (18 [OIII]{lambda}4363, 29 [NII]{lambda}5755, 40 [SIII]{lambda}6312, and 40 [OII]{lambda}{lambda}7320,7330 detections) in 45 HII regions. We conduct a uniform abundance analysis prioritizing the temperatures derived from [SIII]{lambda}6312 and [NII]{lambda}5755, and report the gas-phase abundance gradients for NGC 628. Relative abundances of S/O, Ne/O, and Ar/O are constant across the galaxy, consistent with no systematic change in the upper IMF over the sampled range in metallicity. These alpha-element ratios, along with N/O, all show small dispersions ({sigma}~0.1dex) over 70% of the azimuthally averaged radius. We interpret these results as an indication that, at a given radius, the interstellar medium in NGC 628 is chemically well-mixed. Unlike the gradients in the nearly temperature-independent relative abundances, O/H abundances have a larger intrinsic dispersion of ~0.165dex. We posit that this dispersion represents an upper limit to the true dispersion in O/H at a given radius and that some of that dispersion is due to systematic uncertainties arising from temperature measurements.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/497/563
- Title:
- Chemical abundances of 451 stars
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/497/563
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a uniform study of the chemical abundances of 12 elements (Si, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Na, Mg, and Al) derived from the spectra of 451 stars observed as part of one of the HARPS GTO planet search programs. Sixty eight of these are planet-bearing stars. The main goals of our work are: i) the investigation of possible differences between the abundances of stars with and without planets; ii) the study of the possible differences in the abundances of stars in the thin and the thick disc. We confirm that there is a systematically higher metallicity in planet host stars, when compared to non planet-hosts, common to all studied species. We also found that there is no difference in the galactic chemical evolution trends of the stars with and without planets. Stars that harbour planetary companions simply appear to be in the high metallicity tail of the distribution. We also confirm that Neptunian and super-Earth class planets may be easier to find at lower metallicities. A statistically significative abundance difference between stars of the thin and the thick disc was found for [Fe/H]<0. However, the populations from the thick and the thin disc cannot be clearly separated.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/897/183
- Title:
- Chemical abundances of 3 stars in Grus II galaxy
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/897/183
- Date:
- 15 Mar 2022 04:18:06
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a detailed abundance analysis of the three brightest member stars at the top of the giant branch of the ultrafaint dwarf (UFD) galaxy GrusII. All stars exhibit a higher than expected [Mg/Ca] ratio compared to metal-poor stars in other UFD galaxies and in the Milky Way (MW) halo. Nucleosynthesis in high-mass (>=20M{sun}) core-collapse supernovae has been shown to create this signature. The abundances of this small sample (three) stars suggests the chemical enrichment of GrusII could have occurred through substantial high-mass stellar evolution, and is consistent with the framework of a top-heavy initial mass function. However, with only three stars it cannot be ruled out that the abundance pattern is the result of a stochastic chemical enrichment at early times in the galaxy. The most metal-rich of the three stars also possesses a small enhancement in rapid neutron-capture (r-process) elements. The abundance pattern of the r-process elements in this star matches the scaled r-process pattern of the solar system and r-process enhanced stars in other dwarf galaxies and in the MW halo, hinting at a common origin for these elements across a range of environments. All current proposed astrophysical sites of r-process element production are associated with high- mass stars, thus the possible top-heavy initial mass function of GrusII would increase the likelihood of any of these events occurring. The time delay between the {alpha} and r-process element enrichment of the galaxy favors a neutron star merger as the origin of the r-process elements in GrusII.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/425/187
- Title:
- Chemical abundances of 23 subgiants & giants
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/425/187
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Chemical abundances, stellar parameters, and atomic and molecular line data are given for a study of 23 subgiant and giant stars in the solar vicinity. With the exception of Li and possibly C we show that subgiant stars show no "chemical" traces of post-main-sequence evolution and that they are therefore and because of their simple age dating very useful targets for studies of galactic chemical evolution.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/591/A34
- Title:
- Chemical abundances of zeta Reticuly
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/591/A34
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Several studies have reported a correlation between the chemical abundances of stars and condensation temperature (known as Tc trend). Very recently, a strong Tc trend was reported for the zeta Reticuli binary system, which consists of two solar analogs. The observed trend in zeta^2^ Ret relative to its companion was explained by the presence of a debris disk around zeta^2^ Ret. Our goal is to re-evaluate the presence and variability of the Tc trend in the zeta Reticuli system and to understand the impact of the presence of the debris disk on a star. We used very high-quality spectra of the two stars retrieved from the HARPS archive to derive very precise stellar parameters and chemical abundances. We derived the stellar parameters with the classical (nondifferential) method, while we applied a differential line-by-line analysis to achieve the highest possible precision in abundances, which are fundamental to explore for very tiny differences in the abundances between the stars. We confirm that the abundance difference between zeta^2^ Ret and zeta^1^ Ret shows a significant (~2{sigma}) correlation with Tc. However, we also find that the Tc trends depend on the individual spectrum used (even if always of very high quality). In particular, we find significant but varying differences in the abundances of the same star from different individual high-quality spectra. Our results for the zeta Reticuli system show, for example, that nonphysical factors, such as the quality of spectra employed and errors that are not accounted for, can be at the root of the Tc trends for the case of individual spectra.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/440/1095
- Title:
- Chemical analysis of CH stars
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/440/1095
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Results from high-resolution spectral analyses of a selected sample of CH stars are presented. Detailed chemical composition studies of these objects, which could reveal abundance patterns that in turn provide information regarding nucleosynthesis and evolutionary status, are scarce in the literature. We conducted detailed chemical composition studies for these objects based on high-resolution (R~42000) spectra. The spectra were taken from the ELODIE archive and cover the wavelength range from 3900 to 6800{AA}. We estimated the stellar atmospheric parameters, the effective temperature T_eff_, the surface gravity logg, and the metallicity [Fe/H] from local thermodynamic equilibrium analyses using model atmospheres. Estimated temperatures of these objects cover a wide range, from 4550 to 6030K. The surface gravity ranges from 1.8 to 3.8, and the metallicity from -0.18 to -1.4. We report updates on elemental abundances for several heavy elements and present estimates of abundance ratios for Sr, Y, Zr, Ba, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu and Dy with respect to Fe. For the object HD 188650 we present the first abundance analysis results based on a high-resolution spectrum. Enhancements of heavy elements relative to Fe, which are characteristic of CH stars, are evident from our analyses for most of the objects. A parametric model-based study was performed to understand the relative contributions from the s- and r-processes to the abundances of the heavy elements.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/446/2348
- Title:
- Chemical analysis of CH stars. II.
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/446/2348
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present detailed chemical analyses for a sample of 12 stars selected from the CH star catalogue of Bartkevicius (1996BaltA...5..217B). The sample includes two confirmed binaries, four objects that are known to show radial velocity variations and the rest with no information on the binary status. A primary objective is to examine if all these objects exhibit chemical abundances characteristics of CH stars, based on detailed chemical composition study using high-resolution spectra. We have used high-resolution (R~42000) spectra from the ELODIE archive (Moultaka et al. 2004PASP..116..693M). These spectra cover 3900 to 6800 {AA} in the wavelength range. We have estimated the stellar atmospheric parameters, the effective temperature T_eff_, the surface gravity log g, and metallicity [Fe/H] from local thermodynamic equilibrium analysis using model atmospheres. Estimated temperatures of these objects cover a wide range from 4200 to 6640 K, the surface gravity from 0.6 to 4.3 and metallicity from -0.13 to -1.5. We report updates on elemental abundances for several heavy elements, Sr, Y, Zr, Ba, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu and Dy. For the object HD 89668, we present the first abundance analyses results. Enhancement of heavy elements relative to Fe, a characteristic property of CH stars is evident from our analyses in the case of four objects, HD 92545, HD 104979, HD 107574 and HD 204613. A parametric-model-based study is performed to understand the relative contributions from the s- and r-process to the abundances of the heavy elements.