- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/703/1872
- Title:
- Compact star clusters in the M31 disk
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/703/1872
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We have carried out a survey of compact star clusters (apparent size <~3") in the southwest part of the M31 galaxy, based on the high-resolution Suprime-Cam images (17.5'x28.5'), covering ~15% of the deprojected galaxy disk area. The UBVRI photometry of 285 cluster candidates (V<~20.5mag) was performed using frames of the Local Group Galaxies Survey. The final sample, containing 238 high probability star cluster candidates (typical half-light radius r_h_~1.5pc), was selected by specifying a lower limit of r_h_>~0.15" (>~0.6pc). We derived cluster parameters based on the photometric data and multiband images by employing simple stellar population models. The clusters have a wide range of ages from ~5Myr (young objects associated with 24um and/or H{alpha} emission) to ~10Gyr (globular cluster candidates), and possess mass in a range of 3.0<~log(m/m_{sun}_)<~4.3 peaking at m~4000m_{sun}_. Typical age of these intermediate-mass clusters is in the range of 30Myr<~t<~3Gyr, with a prominent peak at ~70Myr. These findings suggest a rich intermediate-mass star cluster population in M31, which appears to be scarce in the Milky Way galaxy.
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Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/408/2261
- Title:
- Compact steep spectrum new sample
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/408/2261
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a new sample of compact steep spectrum (CSS) sources with radio luminosity below 10^26^W/Hz at 1.4GHz; these are called low-luminosity compact (LLC) objects. The sources have been selected from the Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty-cm (FIRST) survey and observed with the multi-element radio linked interferometer network (MERLIN) at the L and C bands. The main criterion used for selection was the luminosity of the objects, and approximately one-third of the CSS sources from the new sample have a value of radio luminosity comparable to Fanaroff-Riley type 1 sources (FR Is). About 80 per cent of the sources have been resolved and about 30 per cent have weak extended emission and disturbed structures when compared with the observations of higher-luminosity CSS sources. We have studied the correlation between radio power and linear size, and the redshift with a larger sample that also included published samples of compact objects and large-scale FR IIs and FR Is.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/382/1342
- Title:
- Compact stellar systems around NGC 1399
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/382/1342
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We have obtained spectroscopic redshifts of colour-selected point sources in four wide area VLT-FLAMES (Very Large Telescope-Fibre Large Array Multi Element Spectrograph) fields around the Fornax cluster giant elliptical galaxy NGC 1399, identifying as cluster members 27 previously unknown faint (-10.5<M_g'_<-8.8) compact stellar systems (CSS), and improving redshift accuracy for 23 previously catalogued CSS.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/315/839
- Title:
- Compact variable radio sources at 151MHz. I.
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/315/839
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The Cambridge Low-Frequency Synthesis Telescope has been used to produce a representative sample of low-frequency variable sources. 20 fields, each covering an area of approximately 9{deg}x9{deg}cosecDE, have been observed at 151MHz at between 2 and 10 epochs over the period from 1984 to 1996. At each epoch, maps were made with rms noise levels of typically 10^-15^mJy/beam. From a total of ~6000 sources detected on these maps, 207 are found for which the flux density variations between at least two epochs appear significant at greater than the 3{sigma} level. A numerical model is used to assess the true significance of the variability, given the analysis method adopted. This shows that for about half of the sources which appear to vary by >3{sigma} the variability is genuine. For the other half it is caused by random statistical fluctuations; most of the spurious variables vary by <=3.5{sigma} between a single pair of epochs. A catalogue of the variable sources is presented, which includes an estimate of the probability that a given source is a genuine variable. Fractional flux density variations of between 5 and 100% (typically 15-25%) have been detected on a range of time-scales from 1 to 12 years.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/757/141
- Title:
- Companion IR detection limits in young associations
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/757/141
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The frequency and properties of multiple star systems offer powerful tests of star formation models. Multiplicity surveys over the past decade have shown that binary properties vary strongly with mass, but the functional forms and the interplay between frequency and semimajor axis remain largely unconstrained. We present the results of a large-scale survey of multiplicity at the bottom of the initial mass function in several nearby young associations, encompassing 78 very low mass members observed with Keck laser guide star adaptive optics. Our survey confirms the overall trend observed in the field for lower-mass binary systems to be less frequent and more compact, including a null detection for any substellar binary systems with separations wider than ~7AU. Combined with a Bayesian re-analysis of existing surveys, our results demonstrate that the binary frequency and binary separations decline smoothly between masses of 0.5M_{sun}_ and 0.02M_{sun}_, though we cannot distinguish the functional form of this decline due to a degeneracy between the total binary frequency and the mean binary separation. We also show that the mass ratio distribution becomes progressively more concentrated at q~1 for declining masses, though a small number of systems appear to have unusually wide separations and low-mass ratios for their mass. Finally, we compare our results to synthetic binary populations generated by smoothed particle hydrodynamic simulations, noting the similarities and discussing possible explanations for the differences.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/126/1707
- Title:
- Companions of bright barred galaxies
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/126/1707
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Companion galaxy environment for a subset of 78 bright and nearby barred galaxies from the Shapley-Ames Catalog is presented. Among the spiral barred galaxies, there are Seyfert galaxies, galaxies with circumnuclear structures, galaxies not associated with any large-scale galaxy cloud structure, galaxies with peculiar disk morphology (crooked arms), and galaxies with normal disk morphology; the list includes all Hubble types. The companion galaxy list includes the number of companion galaxies within 20 diameters, their Hubble type, and projected separation distance.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/807/23
- Title:
- Companions of RS CVn primaries. I. sig Gem
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/807/23
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- To measure the properties of both components of the RS Canum Venaticorum binary {sigma} Geminorum ({sigma} Gem), we directly detect the faint companion, measure the orbit, obtain model-independent masses and evolutionary histories, detect ellipsoidal variations of the primary caused by the gravity of the companion, and measure gravity darkening. We detect the companion with interferometric observations obtained with the Michigan InfraRed Combiner at Georgia State University's Center for High Angular Resolution Astronomy Array with a primary-to-secondary H-band flux ratio of 270+/-70. A radial velocity curve of the companion was obtained with spectra from the Tillinghast Reflector Echelle Spectrograph on the 1.5m Tillinghast Reflector at Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory. We additionally use new observations from the Tennessee State University Automated Spectroscopic and Photometric Telescopes (AST and APT, respectively). From our orbit, we determine model-independent masses of the components (M1=1.28+/-0.07M_{sun}_, M2=0.73+/-0.03M_{sun}_), and estimate a system age of 5+/-1Gyr. An average of the 27 year APT light curve of {sigma} Gem folded over the orbital period (P=19.6027+/-0.0005days) reveals a quasi-sinusoidal signature, which has previously been attributed to active longitudes 180{deg} apart on the surface of {sigma} Gem. With the component masses, diameters, and orbit, we find that the predicted light curve for ellipsoidal variations due to the primary star partially filling its Roche lobe potential matches well with the observed average light curve, offering a compelling alternative explanation to the active longitudes hypothesis. Measuring gravity darkening from the light curve gives {beta}<0.1, a value slightly lower than that expected from recent theory.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/151/85
- Title:
- Companions to APOGEE stars. I.
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/151/85
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- In its three years of operation, the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE-1) observed >14000 stars with enough epochs over a sufficient temporal baseline for the fitting of Keplerian orbits. We present the custom orbit-fitting pipeline used to create this catalog, which includes novel quality metrics that account for the phase and velocity coverage of a fitted Keplerian orbit. With a typical radial velocity precision of ~100-200 m/s, APOGEE can probe systems with small separation companions down to a few Jupiter masses. Here we present initial results from a catalog of 382 of the most compelling stellar and substellar companion candidates detected by APOGEE, which orbit a variety of host stars in diverse Galactic environments. Of these, 376 have no previously known small separation companion. The distribution of companion candidates in this catalog shows evidence for an extremely truncated brown dwarf (BD) desert with a paucity of BD companions only for systems with a<0.1-0.2 AU, with no indication of a desert at larger orbital separation. We propose a few potential explanations of this result, some which invoke this catalog's many small separation companion candidates found orbiting evolved stars. Furthermore, 16 BD and planet candidates have been identified around metal-poor ([Fe/H]<-0.5) stars in this catalog, which may challenge the core accretion model for companions >10 M_Jup_. Finally, we find all types of companions are ubiquitous throughout the Galactic disk with candidate planetary-mass and BD companions to distances of ~6 and ~16 kpc, respectively.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/450/681
- Title:
- Companions to close spectroscopic binaries
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/450/681
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We have surveyed a sample of 165 solar-type spectroscopic binaries (SB) with periods from 1 to 30 days for higher-order multiplicity. 62 targets have been observed with the NACO adaptive optics system and 13 new physical tertiary companions were detected. Another 12 new wide companions (5 still tentative) were retrieved from the 2MASS (<II/246>) sky survey. Our binaries belong to 161 stellar systems; of these 64 are triple, 11 quadruple and 7 quintuple. After correction for incomplete detection, the fraction of SBs with additional companions is 63+/-5%. We find that this fraction is a strong function of the SB period P, reaching 96% for P<3d and dropping to 36% for P>12d. Period distributions of SBs with and without tertiaries are significantly different, but their mass ratio distributions are identical. New statistical data on the multiplicity of close SBs indicate that their periods and mass ratios were established very early, but periods of SBs within triples were further shortened by angular momentum exchange with companions.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/607/810
- Title:
- Companions to isolated elliptical galaxies
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/607/810
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We investigate the number of physical companion galaxies for a sample of relatively isolated elliptical galaxies. The NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) has been used to reinvestigate the incidence of satellite galaxies for a sample of 34 elliptical galaxies, first investigated by Bothun & Sullivan (1977PASP...89....5B) using a visual inspection of Palomar Sky Survey prints out to a projected search radius of 75 kpc. We have repeated their original investigation using data cataloged in NED. Nine of these elliptical galaxies appear to be members of galaxy clusters; the remaining sample of 25 galaxies reveals an average of +1.0+/-0.5 apparent companions per galaxy within a projected search radius of 75 kpc, in excess of two equal-area comparison regions displaced by 150-300 kpc. This is significantly larger than the +0.12+/-0.42 companions/galaxy found by Bothun & Sullivan (1977PASP...89....5B) for the identical sample. Making use of published radial velocities, mostly available since the completion of the Bothun-Sullivan study, identifies the physical companions and gives a somewhat lower estimate of +0.4 companions per elliptical galaxy. This is still 3 times larger than the original statistical study, but given the incomplete and heterogeneous nature of the survey redshifts in NED, it still yields a firm lower limit on the number (and identity) of physical companions. An expansion of the search radius out to 300 kpc, again restricted to sampling only those objects with known redshifts in NED, gives another lower limit of 4.5 physical companions per galaxy. (Excluding five elliptical galaxies in the Fornax Cluster, this average drops to 3.5 companions per elliptical.) These physical companions are individually identified and listed, and the ensemble-averaged radial density distribution of these associated galaxies is presented. For the ensemble, the radial density distribution is found to have a falloff consistent with {rho}{prop.to}R^-0.5^ out to approximately 150 kpc. For non-Fornax Cluster companions the falloff continues out to the 300 kpc limit of the survey. The velocity dispersion of these companions is found to reach a maximum of 350 km/s at around 120 kpc, after which they fall at a rate consistent with Keplerian falloff. This falloff may then indicate the detection of a cut-off in the mass-density distribution in the elliptical galaxies' dark matter halo at ~100 kpc.