A large survey of galaxies in the J=1-0 CO line, performed during 1985-1988 using the 15-m SEST and the 20-m millimetre wave telescope of Onsala Space Observatory, is presented. The HPBW of the telescopes are 44" and 33" at 115GHz, respectively. The central positions of 168 galaxies were observed and 101 of these were detected in the CO line. More than 20% of these are new detections. Maps of some of the galaxies are also presented.
We mapped ^12^CO and ^13^CO J=2-1 emission over 1.04deg^2^ of the Serpens molecular cloud with 38" spatial and 0.3km/s spectral resolution using the Arizona Radio Observatory Heinrich Hertz Submillimeter Telescope. Our maps resolve kinematic properties for the entire Serpens cloud. We also compare our velocity moment maps with known positions of young stellar objects (YSOs) and 1.1 mm continuum emission. We find that ^12^CO is self-absorbed and ^13^CO is optically thick in the Serpens core. Outside of the Serpens core, gas appears in filamentary structures having LSR velocities which are blueshifted by up to 2km/s relative to the 8km/s systemic velocity of the Serpens cloud. We show that the known Class I, flat, and Class II YSOs in the Serpens core most likely formed at the same spatial location and have since drifted apart. The spatial and velocity structure of the ^12^CO line ratios implies that a detailed three-dimensional radiative transfer model of the cloud will be necessary for full interpretation of our spectral data. The "starless cores" region of the cloud is likely to be the next site of star formation in Serpens.
We mapped the NGC 1333 section of the Perseus Molecular Cloud in the J=2-1 emission lines of ^12^CO and ^13^CO over a 50'x60' region (3.4x4.1pc at the cloud distance of 235pc), using the Arizona Radio Observatory Heinrich Hertz Submillimeter Telescope. The angular resolution is 38" (0.04pc) and velocity resolution is 0.3km/s. We compare our velocity moment maps with known positions of young stellar objects (YSOs) and (sub)millimeter dust continuum emission. The CO emission is brightest at the center of the cluster of YSOs, but is detected over the full extent of the mapped region at >=10xrms. The morphology of the CO channel maps shows a kinematically complex structure, with many elongated features extending from the YSO cluster outward by ~1pc. One notable feature appears as a narrow serpentine structure that curves and doubles back, with a total length of ~3pc. The ^13^CO velocity channel maps show evidence for many low-density cavities surrounded by partial shell-like structures, consistent with previous studies. Maps of the velocity moments show localized effects of bipolar outflows from embedded YSOs, as well as a large-scale velocity gradient around the central core of YSOs, suggestive of large-scale turbulent cloud motions determining the location of current star formation. The CO/^13^CO intensity ratios show the distribution of the CO opacity, which exhibits a complex kinematic structure. Identified YSOs are located mainly at the positions of greatest CO opacity.
We present observations of the ^12^CO(J=1-0) line at 2.6mm of 65 galaxies located in the Coma supercluster region: 33 actually belong to the Coma supercluster while 32 are either foreground or background objects. These data have been obtained using the NRAO 12m telescope at Kitt Peak (United States), and for four galaxies, using the IRAM 30m telescope at Pico Veleta (Spain). Out of these 65 galaxies, 54 had never been observed in the CO(1-0) line; 49 have been detected by us, of which 37 are new detections. We give molecular gas masses deduced from the CO line integrated intensities, and upper limits for the 16 undetected objects, computed with a Galactic conversion factor N(H_2_)=2.3x10^20^I(CO) and H_0_=75km/s/Mpc.
Using the Purple Mountain Observatory 13.7m millimeter telescope at Delingha in China, we have conducted a large-scale simultaneous survey of ^12^CO, ^13^CO, and C^18^O (J=1-0) toward the CMa OB1 complex with a sky coverage of 16.5deg^2^ (221.5{deg}<=l<=227{deg}, -2.5{deg}<=b<=0.5{deg}). Emission from the CMa OB1 complex is found in the range 7km/s<=V_LSR_<=25km/s. The large-scale structure, physical properties, and chemical abundances of the molecular clouds are presented. A total of 83 C^18^O molecular clumps are identified with the GaussClumps algorithm within the mapped region. We find that 94% of these C18O molecular clumps are gravitationally bound. The relationship between their size and mass indicates that none of the C^18^O clumps has the potential to form high-mass stars. Using a semiautomatic IDL algorithm, we newly discover 85 CO outflow candidates in the mapped area, including 23 bipolar outflow candidates. Additionally, a comparative study reveals evidence for a significant variety of physical properties, evolutionary stages, and levels of star formation activity in different subregions of the CMa OB1 complex.
We present 38" resolution maps of the CO and ^13^COJ=2-1 lines in the molecular clouds toward the HII region complex W51. The maps cover a 1.25x1{deg} section of the galactic plane and span +30 to +85km/s (LSR) in velocity. The spectral resolution is ~1.3km/s. The velocity range of the images includes all the gas in the Sagittarius spiral arm. Color figures display the peak line brightness temperature, the velocity-integrated intensity, and 2km/s channel-averaged maps for both isotopologs, and also the CO/^13^COJ=2-1 line intensity ratio as a function of velocity. The CO and ^13^CO line intensity image cubes are made available in standard FITS format as electronically readable tables. We compare our molecular line maps with the 1.1mm continuum image from the BOLOCAM Galactic Plane Survey (BGPS; Aguirre et al. 2011ApJS..192....4A; Rosolowsky et al. 2010, Cat. J/ApJS/188/123). From our ^13^CO image cube, we derive kinematic information for the 99 BGPS sources in the mapped field in the form of Gaussian component fits. The integrated ^13^CO line intensity and the 1.1mm source flux density show only a modest degree of correlation for the 99 sources, likely due to a range of dust and gas physical conditions within the sources. However, the 1.1mm continuum surface brightness and the integrated ^13^CO line intensity for small regions containing single BGPS sources and molecular clouds show very good correlations in many cases.
A CO survey is undertaken toward about 80% of the starless cores in the Lee & Myers catalog that can be observed in the northern hemisphere to investigate their general observational properties such as line width and intensity, from which one can deduce their environmental physical conditions. The peak ^12^CO intensity implies a kinetic temperature close to 10K, as is already known, but for some of the cores the kinetic temperature is much higher than 10K, suggesting either that they are not really starless or that they are externally heated. We derive the ratios of peak intensities and line widths for the pairs of ^12^CO and ^13^CO lines and find a value of ~1.7 for both. The linear correlations between them are most likely to be due to clumpy structure. These data are also compared with data sets of CS 2-1 and N_2_H^+^ 1-0 lines tracing high-density regions. It is found that the peak intensity and line width of ^13^CO are roughly correlated with those of CS, suggesting that the outer envelope is kinematically related to the inner dense core. Confirming that the ^12^CO lines seldom exhibit deep self-reversal features, whereas this is not unusual for the CS lines, we propose a heuristic model where the outer part is clumpy, but the inner part has a rather smooth density profile, with a uniform temperature and mean density decreasing outward. We apply three-dimensional radiative transfer calculations to this simple model, demonstrating that the essential observational features of the starless cores are successfully reproduced.
CO Tully-Fisher relation for host galaxies of QSOs
Short Name:
J/ApJ/669/821
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
The integrated line width derived from CO spectroscopy provides a powerful tool to study the internal kinematics of extragalactic objects, including quasars at high redshift, provided that the observed line width can be properly translated to more conventionally used kinematical parameters of galaxies. We show, through the construction of a Ks-band CO Tully-Fisher relation for nearby galaxies spanning a wide range in infrared luminosity, that the CO line width measured at 20% of the peak intensity, when corrected for inclination and other effects, successfully recovers the maximum rotation velocity of the disk. The line width at 50% of the peak intensity performs much more poorly, in large part because CO lines have a wide range of profiles, which are shown to vary systematically with infrared luminosity. We present a practical prescription for converting observed CO line widths into the stellar velocity dispersion of the bulge ({sigma}*) and then apply it to a sample of low-redshift (z<~0.2) and high-redshift (1.4<~z<~6.4) quasars to study their host galaxies.
This paper presents new orbits for two visual double stars COU 247 (CCDM 00095+1907) and ADS 3672 (STT 95, CCDM 05055+1948) and a revised orbit for ADS 15182 (A 772, CCDM 21395+3009) computed by the Thiele-van den Bos method.