- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/445/630
- Title:
- Early-type galaxies in Ursa Major cluster
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/445/630
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Using SDSS-DR7 and NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database spectroscopic data, we identify 166 galaxies as members of the Ursa Major cluster with M_r_<-13.5mag. We morphological classify all galaxies by means of carefully inspecting g-, r-, i-band colour and monochromatic images. We show that the Ursa Major cluster is dominated by late-type galaxies, but also contains a significant number of early-type galaxies, particularly in the dwarf regime. We present further evidence for the existence of several subgroups in the cluster, consistent with previous findings. The early-type fraction is found to correlate with the mass of the subgroup. We also investigate environmental effects by comparing the properties of the Ursa Major early-type dwarf galaxies to those of the Virgo cluster. In contrast to the Virgo, the red sequence of the Ursa Major cluster is only sparsely populated in the optical and ultraviolet colour-magnitude relations. It also shows a statistically significant gap between -18<M_r_<-17mag, i.e. the Ursa Major cluster lacks early-type dwarf galaxies at the bright end of their luminosity function. We discover that the majority of early-type dwarf galaxies in the Ursa Major cluster have blue cores with hints of recent or ongoing star formation. We suggest that gravitational tidal interactions can trigger central blue star-forming regions in early-type dwarfs. After that, star formation would only fade completely when the galaxies experience ram-pressure stripping or harassment, both of which are nearly absent in the Ursa Major cluster.
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Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/330/423
- Title:
- Early-type galaxies kinematics
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/330/423
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present data on the stellar kinematics of the brightest ellipticals in HCG 62, HCG 68, NGC 2300 groups. Moreover, we report on ASCA GIS as well as optical observations of the early-type member of the pair K 416 (NGC 5480/5481) similar, in many respects, to the dominant pair in the NGC 2300 group. The kinematics of HCG 62a/b and HCG 68a/b indicate that they are not interacting pairs. HCG 62a is instead possibly interacting with HCG 62c, as suggested by their morphology (see Mendes de Oliveira and Hickson 1994), In contrast to the results for the NGC 2300/2276 group, ASCA observations indicate a significant absence of hot gas in the K 416 system. Whether the NGC 2300 multiplet is viewed as a loose group or as a massive E+S pair, it is clear that similar morphological entities do not always show similar X-ray properties. Under the hypothesis that diffuse X-ray emission marks the group potential, we consider the possibility that K 416 is an unbound encounter. In this scenario, morphological distortions are indicative of the ongoing interaction, but are only circumstantially correlated with the physical reality of a pair/multiplet as a bound system.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/327/1004
- Title:
- Early-type galaxy parameters
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/327/1004
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We perform a series of comparisons between distance-independent photometric and spectroscopic properties used in the surface brightness fluctuation (SBF) and fundamental plane (FP) methods of early-type galaxy distance estimation. The data are taken from two recent surveys: the SBF Survey of Galaxy Distances and the Streaming Motions of Abell Clusters (SMAC) FP survey. We derive a relation between (V-I)0 colour and Mg2 index using nearly 200 galaxies and discuss implications for Galactic extinction estimates and early-type galaxy stellar populations.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+AS/139/483
- Title:
- Early-type gal. kinematics in compact groups
- Short Name:
- J/A+AS/139/483
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present measurements of stellar kinematics for seven early-type galaxies in HCG 67, HCG 74, and HCG 79. These data are aimed at studying the relation between the environment and the dynamics, structure and stellar content of early-type galaxies. In the present three groups, the kinematic features we observed cannot be associated unambiguously to physical interactions. Visible morphological peculiarities do not appear correlated with kinematical perturbations.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/453/2220
- Title:
- Early-type Sco-Cen members with literature RVs
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/453/2220
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We report the serendipitous discovery of several young mid-M stars found during a search for new members of the 30-40Myr-old Octans Association. Only one of the stars may be considered a possible Octans(-Near) member. However, two stars have proper motions, kinematic distances, radial velocities, photometry and LII {lambda}6708 measurements consistent with membership in the 8-10Myr-old TW Hydrae Association. Another may be an outlying member of TW Hydrae but has a velocity similar to that predicted by membership in Octans. We also identify two new lithium-rich members of the neighbouring Scorpius-Centaurus OB Association (Sco-Cen). Both exhibit large 12 and 22{mu}m excesses and strong, variable H{alpha} emission which we attribute to accretion from circumstellar discs. Such stars are thought to be incredibly rare at the ~16Myr median age of Sco-Cen and they join only one other confirmed M-type and three higher mass accretors outside of Upper Scorpius. The serendipitous discovery of two accreting stars hosting large quantities of circumstellar material may be indicative of a sizeable age spread in Sco-Cen, or further evidence that disc dispersal and planet formation time-scales are longer around lower mass stars. To aid future studies of Sco-Cen, we also provide a newly compiled catalogue of 305 early-type Hipparcos members with spectroscopic radial velocities sourced from the literature.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/342/671
- Title:
- Early-type spiral galaxies kinematics
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/342/671
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the stellar and ionized-gas velocity curves and velocity-dispersion profiles along the major axis for six early-type spiral galaxies. Two of these galaxies, namely NGC 2179 and NGC 2775, are particularly suited for the study of dark matter halos. Using their luminosity profiles and modeling their stellar and gaseous kinematics, we derive the mass contributions of the luminous and the dark matter to the total potential. In NGC 2179 we find that the data (measured out to about the optical radius R_opt_) unambiguously require the presence of a massive dark halo. For the brighter and bigger object NGC 2775, we can rule out a significant halo contribution at radii R<~0.6R_opt_. Although preliminary, these results agree with the familiar mass distribution trend known for late-type spirals of comparable mass.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/451/4346
- Title:
- Early-type stars in SMC and LMC
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/451/4346
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We employ CaII K and NaI D interstellar absorption-line spectroscopy of early-type stars in the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds (LMC, SMC) to investigate the large- and small-scale structure in foreground intermediate- and high-velocity clouds (I/HVCs). Data include FLAMES-GIRAFFE CaII K observations of 403 stars in four open clusters, plus FEROS or UVES spectra of 156 stars in the LMC and SMC. The FLAMES observations are amongst the most extensive probes to date of CaII structures on ~20-arcsec scales in Magellanic I/HVCs. From the FLAMES data within a 0.5{deg} field of view, the CaII K equivalent width in the I/HVC components towards three clusters varies by factors of >=10. There are no detections of molecular gas in absorption at intermediate or high velocities, although molecular absorption is present at LMC and Galactic velocities towards some sightlines. The FEROS/UVES data show CaII K I/HVC absorption in ~60 per cent of sightlines. The range in the CaII/NaI ratio in I/HVCs is from -0.45 to +1.5dex, similar to previous measurements for I/HVCs. In 10 sightlines we find CaII/Oi ratios in I/HVC gas ranging from 0.2 to 1.5dex below the solar value, indicating either dust or ionization effects. In nine sightlines I/HVC gas is detected in both Hi and CaII at similar velocities, implying that the two elements form part of the same structure.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/771/110
- Title:
- Early-type stars in Taurus-Auriga
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/771/110
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We describe the results of a search for early-type stars associated with the Taurus-Auriga molecular cloud complex, a diffuse nearby star-forming region noted as lacking young stars of intermediate and high mass. We investigate several sets of possible O, B, and early A spectral class members. The first is a group of stars for which mid-infrared images show bright nebulae, all of which can be associated with stars of spectral-type B. The second group consists of early-type stars compiled from (1) literature listings in SIMBAD, (2) B stars with infrared excesses selected from the Spitzer Space Telescope survey of the Taurus cloud (Rebull et al. 2010, J/ApJS/186/259), (3) magnitude- and color-selected point sources from the Two Micron All Sky Survey (Skrutskie et al. 2006, VII/233), and (4) spectroscopically identified early-type stars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey coverage of the Taurus region (Finkbeiner et al. 2004AJ....128.2577F; Knapp et al. 2007AAS...211.2907K). We evaluated stars for membership in the Taurus-Auriga star formation region based on criteria involving: spectroscopic and parallactic distances, proper motions and radial velocities, and infrared excesses or line emission indicative of stellar youth. For selected objects, we also model the scattered and emitted radiation from reflection nebulosity and compare the results with the observed spectral energy distributions to further test the plausibility of physical association of the B stars with the Taurus cloud. This investigation newly identifies as probable Taurus members three B-type stars: HR 1445 (HD 28929), {tau} Tau (HD 29763), 72 Tau (HD 28149), and two A-type stars: HD 31305 and HD 26212, thus doubling the number of stars A5 or earlier associated with the Taurus clouds. Several additional early-type sources including HD 29659 and HD 283815 meet some, but not all, of the membership criteria and therefore are plausible, though not secure, members.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/643/1011
- Title:
- Early-type stars in the center of the Galaxy
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/643/1011
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We report the definite spectroscopic identification of ~40 OB supergiants, giants, and main-sequence stars in the central parsec of the Galaxy. Detection of their absorption lines has become possible with the high spatial and spectral resolution and sensitivity of the adaptive optics integral field spectrometer SPIFFI/SINFONI on the ESO VLT. Several of these OB stars appear to be helium- and nitrogen-rich.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/373/608
- Title:
- Early-type stars towards the Galactic Center. II.
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/373/608
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We are searching for early-type stars towards the Galactic centre which are potentially young objects situated within the inner few kiloparsecs of the disk. Photographic photometry from the UK Schmidt Telescope has been used to identify the bluest candidates in nineteen Schmidt fields (centred close to the Galactic centre). We have previously obtained FLAIR low dispersion spectroscopy for three of these fields to estimate spectral types and here we present spectroscopy for an additional seven fields. Combining the results for all ten fields, 56 stars were initially classified as early-B type. Estimates of the equivalent widths of their Balmer and He I lines have been used to estimate atmospheric parameters and 32 targets have effective temperatures greater than or equal to 17000K (corresponding to a spectral type of B3 or earlier). The spectra of seven of these targets also have absorption lines due to O II and Si III and can be reliably classified as early-B type. Additionally 78 stars have estimated effective temperatures between 11000 and 16000K with a further 50 objects identified as late-B (or early-A) type. All but two of the early B-type candidates have magnitudes in the range 12.0<=V<=16.0, and our best estimates of their distance suggest that they could be close to (i.e. R_g_<3kpc), or even beyond the Galactic centre.