- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/pccs545ghz
- Title:
- Planck Catalog of 545-GHz Compact Sources (PCCS) Release 2
- Short Name:
- PCCS545GHZ
- Date:
- 25 Apr 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- Planck was a European Space Agency (ESA) mission, with significant contributions from the National Aeronautics and Space Agency (NASA). It was the third generation of space-based cosmic microwave background experiments, after the Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE) and the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP). Planck was launched on 14 May 2009 on an Ariane 5 rocket from Kourou, French Guiana. Following a cruise to the Earth-Sun L2 Lagrange point, cooling and in orbit checkout, Planck initiated the First Light Survey on 12 August 2009. Planck then continuously measured the intensity of the sky over a range of frequencies from 30 to 857 GHz (wavelengths of 1 cm to 350 micron) with spatial resolutions ranging from about 33 to 5 arcminutes, respectively. The Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) on Planck provided temperature and polarization information using radiometers which operated between 30 and 70 GHz. The High Frequency Instrument (HFI) used pairs of polarization-sensitive bolometers at each of four frequencies between 100 and 353 GHz but did not measure polarization information in the two upper HFI bands at 545 and 857 GHz. The lowest Planck frequencies overlapped with WMAP, and the highest frequencies extended far into the submillimeter in order to improve separation between Galactic foregrounds and the cosmic microwave background (CMB). By extending to wavelengths longer than those at which the Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS) operated, Planck provided an unprecedented window into dust emission at far-infrared and submillimeter wavelengths. The Second Planck Catalogue of Compact Sources is a list of discrete objects detected in single-frequency maps from the full duration of the Planck mission and supersedes previous versions. It consists of compact sources, both Galactic and extragalactic, detected over the entire sky. Compact sources detected in the lower frequency channels are assigned to the PCCS2, while at higher frequencies they are assigned to one of two subcatalogs, the PCCS2 or PCCS2E, depending on their location on the sky. The first of these (PCCS2) covers most of the sky and allows the user to produce subsamples at higher reliabilities than the target 80% integral reliability of the catalog. The second (PCCS2E) contains sources detected in sky regions where the diffuse emission makes it difficult to quantify the reliability of the detections. Both the PCCS2 and PCCS2E include polarization measurements, in the form of polarized flux densities, or upper limits, and orientation angles for all seven polarization-sensitive Planck channels. The improved data-processing of the full-mission maps and their reduced noise levels allow the authors to increase the number of objects in the catalog, improving its completeness for the target 80% reliability as compared with the previous versions, the PCCS and the Early Release Compact Source Catalogue (ERCSC). The Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) Data Processing Center (DPC) produced the 30, 44, and 70 GHz maps after the completion of eight full surveys (spanning the period from 12 August 2009 to 3 August 2013). In addition, special LFI maps covering the period 1 April 2013 to 30 June 2013 were produced in order to compare the Planck flux-density scales with those of the Very Large Array and the Australia Telescope Compact Array, by performing simultaneous observations of a sample of sources over that period. The High Frequency Instrument (HFI) DPC produced the 100-, 143-, 217-, 353-, 545-, and 857-GHz maps after five full surveys (from 2009 August 12 to 2012 January 11). As in the PCCS, the PCCS2 provides four different measures of the flux density for each source. They are determined by the source detection algorithm (DETFLUX), aperture photometry (APERFLUX), point spread function fitting (PSFFLUX), and Gaussian fitting (GAUFLUX). Only the first is obtained from the filtered maps; the other measures are estimated from the full-sky maps at the positions of the sources. The source detection algorithm photometry, the aperture photometry, and the point spread function (PSF) fitting use the Planck band-average effective beams, calculated with FEBeCoP (Fast Effective Beam Convolution in Pixel space). Note that only the PSF fitting algorithm takes into account the variation of the PSF with position on the sky. The PCCS2 has been produced from the Planck full-mission maps (eight sky surveys in the LFI and five sky surveys in the HFI), and therefore supersedes the previous catalogs (for the PCCS only 1.5 surveys were analyzed). It also includes the latest calibration and beam information, and the authors have improved some of the algorithms used to measure the photometry of the sources. This table contains the PCCS Public Release 2 table of sources detected at 545 GHz. Where the HEASARC parameter names differ from those used in the original table, the original names are listed parenthetically in upper case at the end of the parameter description. This table was created by the HEASARC in May 2017 based upon the <a href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/cats/J/A+A/594/A26">CDS Catalog J/A+A/594/A26</a> file pccs545.dat. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
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- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/pccs070ghz
- Title:
- Planck Catalog of 70-GHz Compact Sources (PCCS) Release 2
- Short Name:
- PCCS070GHZ
- Date:
- 25 Apr 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- Planck was a European Space Agency (ESA) mission, with significant contributions from the National Aeronautics and Space Agency (NASA). It was the third generation of space-based cosmic microwave background experiments, after the Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE) and the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP). Planck was launched on 14 May 2009 on an Ariane 5 rocket from Kourou, French Guiana. Following a cruise to the Earth-Sun L2 Lagrange point, cooling and in orbit checkout, Planck initiated the First Light Survey on 12 August 2009. Planck then continuously measured the intensity of the sky over a range of frequencies from 30 to 857 GHz (wavelengths of 1 cm to 350 micron) with spatial resolutions ranging from about 33 to 5 arcminutes, respectively. The Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) on Planck provided temperature and polarization information using radiometers which operated between 30 and 70 GHz. The High Frequency Instrument (HFI) used pairs of polarization-sensitive bolometers at each of four frequencies between 100 and 353 GHz but did not measure polarization information in the two upper HFI bands at 545 and 857 GHz. The lowest Planck frequencies overlapped with WMAP, and the highest frequencies extended far into the submillimeter in order to improve separation between Galactic foregrounds and the cosmic microwave background (CMB). By extending to wavelengths longer than those at which the Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS) operated, Planck provided an unprecedented window into dust emission at far-infrared and submillimeter wavelengths. The Second Planck Catalogue of Compact Sources is a list of discrete objects detected in single-frequency maps from the full duration of the Planck mission and supersedes previous versions. It consists of compact sources, both Galactic and extragalactic, detected over the entire sky. Compact sources detected in the lower frequency channels are assigned to the PCCS2, while at higher frequencies they are assigned to one of two subcatalogs, the PCCS2 or PCCS2E, depending on their location on the sky. The first of these (PCCS2) covers most of the sky and allows the user to produce subsamples at higher reliabilities than the target 80% integral reliability of the catalog. The second (PCCS2E) contains sources detected in sky regions where the diffuse emission makes it difficult to quantify the reliability of the detections. Both the PCCS2 and PCCS2E include polarization measurements, in the form of polarized flux densities, or upper limits, and orientation angles for all seven polarization-sensitive Planck channels. The improved data-processing of the full-mission maps and their reduced noise levels allow the authors to increase the number of objects in the catalog, improving its completeness for the target 80% reliability as compared with the previous versions, the PCCS and the Early Release Compact Source Catalogue (ERCSC). The Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) Data Processing Center (DPC) produced the 30, 44, and 70 GHz maps after the completion of eight full surveys (spanning the period from 12 August 2009 to 3 August 2013). In addition, special LFI maps covering the period 1 April 2013 to 30 June 2013 were produced in order to compare the Planck flux-density scales with those of the Very Large Array and the Australia Telescope Compact Array, by performing simultaneous observations of a sample of sources over that period. The High Frequency Instrument (HFI) DPC produced the 100-, 143-, 217-, 353-, 545-, and 857-GHz maps after five full surveys (from 2009 August 12 to 2012 January 11). As in the PCCS, the PCCS2 provides four different measures of the flux density for each source. They are determined by the source detection algorithm (DETFLUX), aperture photometry (APERFLUX), point spread function fitting (PSFFLUX), and Gaussian fitting (GAUFLUX). Only the first is obtained from the filtered maps; the other measures are estimated from the full-sky maps at the positions of the sources. The source detection algorithm photometry, the aperture photometry, and the point spread function (PSF) fitting use the Planck band-average effective beams, calculated with FEBeCoP (Fast Effective Beam Convolution in Pixel space). Note that only the PSF fitting algorithm takes into account the variation of the PSF with position on the sky. The PCCS2 has been produced from the Planck full-mission maps (eight sky surveys in the LFI and five sky surveys in the HFI), and therefore supersedes the previous catalogs (for the PCCS only 1.5 surveys were analyzed). It also includes the latest calibration and beam information, and the authors have improved some of the algorithms used to measure the photometry of the sources. This table contains the PCCS Public Release 2 table of sources detected at 70 GHz. Where the HEASARC parameter names differ from those used in the original table, the original names are listed parenthetically in upper case at the end of the parameter description. This table was created by the HEASARC in May 2017 based upon the <a href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/cats/J/A+A/594/A26">CDS Catalog J/A+A/594/A26</a> file pccs070.dat. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/pccs044ghz
- Title:
- Planck Catalog of 44-GHz Compact Sources (PCCS) Release 2
- Short Name:
- PCCS044GHZ
- Date:
- 25 Apr 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- Planck was a European Space Agency (ESA) mission, with significant contributions from the National Aeronautics and Space Agency (NASA). It was the third generation of space-based cosmic microwave background experiments, after the Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE) and the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP). Planck was launched on 14 May 2009 on an Ariane 5 rocket from Kourou, French Guiana. Following a cruise to the Earth-Sun L2 Lagrange point, cooling and in orbit checkout, Planck initiated the First Light Survey on 12 August 2009. Planck then continuously measured the intensity of the sky over a range of frequencies from 30 to 857 GHz (wavelengths of 1 cm to 350 micron) with spatial resolutions ranging from about 33 to 5 arcminutes, respectively. The Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) on Planck provided temperature and polarization information using radiometers which operated between 30 and 70 GHz. The High Frequency Instrument (HFI) used pairs of polarization-sensitive bolometers at each of four frequencies between 100 and 353 GHz but did not measure polarization information in the two upper HFI bands at 545 and 857 GHz. The lowest Planck frequencies overlapped with WMAP, and the highest frequencies extended far into the submillimeter in order to improve separation between Galactic foregrounds and the cosmic microwave background (CMB). By extending to wavelengths longer than those at which the Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS) operated, Planck provided an unprecedented window into dust emission at far-infrared and submillimeter wavelengths. The Second Planck Catalogue of Compact Sources is a list of discrete objects detected in single-frequency maps from the full duration of the Planck mission and supersedes previous versions. It consists of compact sources, both Galactic and extragalactic, detected over the entire sky. Compact sources detected in the lower frequency channels are assigned to the PCCS2, while at higher frequencies they are assigned to one of two subcatalogs, the PCCS2 or PCCS2E, depending on their location on the sky. The first of these (PCCS2) covers most of the sky and allows the user to produce subsamples at higher reliabilities than the target 80% integral reliability of the catalog. The second (PCCS2E) contains sources detected in sky regions where the diffuse emission makes it difficult to quantify the reliability of the detections. Both the PCCS2 and PCCS2E include polarization measurements, in the form of polarized flux densities, or upper limits, and orientation angles for all seven polarization-sensitive Planck channels. The improved data-processing of the full-mission maps and their reduced noise levels allow the authors to increase the number of objects in the catalog, improving its completeness for the target 80% reliability as compared with the previous versions, the PCCS and the Early Release Compact Source Catalogue (ERCSC). The Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) Data Processing Center (DPC) produced the 30, 44, and 70 GHz maps after the completion of eight full surveys (spanning the period from 12 August 2009 to 3 August 2013). In addition, special LFI maps covering the period 1 April 2013 to 30 June 2013 were produced in order to compare the Planck flux-density scales with those of the Very Large Array and the Australia Telescope Compact Array, by performing simultaneous observations of a sample of sources over that period. The High Frequency Instrument (HFI) DPC produced the 100-, 143-, 217-, 353-, 545-, and 857-GHz maps after five full surveys (from 2009 August 12 to 2012 January 11). As in the PCCS, the PCCS2 provides four different measures of the flux density for each source. They are determined by the source detection algorithm (DETFLUX), aperture photometry (APERFLUX), point spread function fitting (PSFFLUX), and Gaussian fitting (GAUFLUX). Only the first is obtained from the filtered maps; the other measures are estimated from the full-sky maps at the positions of the sources. The source detection algorithm photometry, the aperture photometry, and the point spread function (PSF) fitting use the Planck band-average effective beams, calculated with FEBeCoP (Fast Effective Beam Convolution in Pixel space). Note that only the PSF fitting algorithm takes into account the variation of the PSF with position on the sky. The PCCS2 has been produced from the Planck full-mission maps (eight sky surveys in the LFI and five sky surveys in the HFI), and therefore supersedes the previous catalogs (for the PCCS only 1.5 surveys were analyzed). It also includes the latest calibration and beam information, and the authors have improved some of the algorithms used to measure the photometry of the sources. This table contains the PCCS Public Release 2 table of sources detected at 44 GHz. Where the HEASARC parameter names differ from those used in the original table, the original names are listed parenthetically in upper case at the end of the parameter description. This table was created by the HEASARC in May 2017 based upon the <a href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/cats/J/A+A/594/A26">CDS Catalog J/A+A/594/A26</a> file pccs044.dat. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/pccs217ghz
- Title:
- Planck Catalog of 217-GHz Compact Sources (PCCS) Release 2
- Short Name:
- PCCS217GHZ
- Date:
- 25 Apr 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- Planck was a European Space Agency (ESA) mission, with significant contributions from the National Aeronautics and Space Agency (NASA). It was the third generation of space-based cosmic microwave background experiments, after the Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE) and the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP). Planck was launched on 14 May 2009 on an Ariane 5 rocket from Kourou, French Guiana. Following a cruise to the Earth-Sun L2 Lagrange point, cooling and in orbit checkout, Planck initiated the First Light Survey on 12 August 2009. Planck then continuously measured the intensity of the sky over a range of frequencies from 30 to 857 GHz (wavelengths of 1 cm to 350 micron) with spatial resolutions ranging from about 33 to 5 arcminutes, respectively. The Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) on Planck provided temperature and polarization information using radiometers which operated between 30 and 70 GHz. The High Frequency Instrument (HFI) used pairs of polarization-sensitive bolometers at each of four frequencies between 100 and 353 GHz but did not measure polarization information in the two upper HFI bands at 545 and 857 GHz. The lowest Planck frequencies overlapped with WMAP, and the highest frequencies extended far into the submillimeter in order to improve separation between Galactic foregrounds and the cosmic microwave background (CMB). By extending to wavelengths longer than those at which the Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS) operated, Planck provided an unprecedented window into dust emission at far-infrared and submillimeter wavelengths. The Second Planck Catalogue of Compact Sources is a list of discrete objects detected in single-frequency maps from the full duration of the Planck mission and supersedes previous versions. It consists of compact sources, both Galactic and extragalactic, detected over the entire sky. Compact sources detected in the lower frequency channels are assigned to the PCCS2, while at higher frequencies they are assigned to one of two subcatalogs, the PCCS2 or PCCS2E, depending on their location on the sky. The first of these (PCCS2) covers most of the sky and allows the user to produce subsamples at higher reliabilities than the target 80% integral reliability of the catalog. The second (PCCS2E) contains sources detected in sky regions where the diffuse emission makes it difficult to quantify the reliability of the detections. Both the PCCS2 and PCCS2E include polarization measurements, in the form of polarized flux densities, or upper limits, and orientation angles for all seven polarization-sensitive Planck channels. The improved data-processing of the full-mission maps and their reduced noise levels allow the authors to increase the number of objects in the catalog, improving its completeness for the target 80% reliability as compared with the previous versions, the PCCS and the Early Release Compact Source Catalogue (ERCSC). The Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) Data Processing Center (DPC) produced the 30, 44, and 70 GHz maps after the completion of eight full surveys (spanning the period from 12 August 2009 to 3 August 2013). In addition, special LFI maps covering the period 1 April 2013 to 30 June 2013 were produced in order to compare the Planck flux-density scales with those of the Very Large Array and the Australia Telescope Compact Array, by performing simultaneous observations of a sample of sources over that period. The High Frequency Instrument (HFI) DPC produced the 100-, 143-, 217-, 353-, 545-, and 857-GHz maps after five full surveys (from 2009 August 12 to 2012 January 11). As in the PCCS, the PCCS2 provides four different measures of the flux density for each source. They are determined by the source detection algorithm (DETFLUX), aperture photometry (APERFLUX), point spread function fitting (PSFFLUX), and Gaussian fitting (GAUFLUX). Only the first is obtained from the filtered maps; the other measures are estimated from the full-sky maps at the positions of the sources. The source detection algorithm photometry, the aperture photometry, and the point spread function (PSF) fitting use the Planck band-average effective beams, calculated with FEBeCoP (Fast Effective Beam Convolution in Pixel space). Note that only the PSF fitting algorithm takes into account the variation of the PSF with position on the sky. The PCCS2 has been produced from the Planck full-mission maps (eight sky surveys in the LFI and five sky surveys in the HFI), and therefore supersedes the previous catalogs (for the PCCS only 1.5 surveys were analyzed). It also includes the latest calibration and beam information, and the authors have improved some of the algorithms used to measure the photometry of the sources. This table contains the PCCS2 subsample of the PCCS Public Release 2 table of sources detected at 217 GHz. One of the primary differences of this release of the PCCS from previous releases is the division of the six highest frequency catalogs into two subcatalogs, the PCCS2 and the PCCS2E. This division separates sources for which the reliability (the fraction of sources above a given S/N which are real) can be quantified (PCCS2) from those of unknown reliability (PCCS2E). This separation is primarily based on the Galactic coordinates of the source, as described in Section 2.3 of the reference paper. The PCCS2E subcatalog for this frequency is not included in this HEASARC table but is available at the CDS as the file <a href="http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/ftp/cats/J/A+A/594/A26/pccs217e.dat.gz">http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/ftp/cats/J/A+A/594/A26/pccs217e.dat.gz</a>. Where the HEASARC parameter names in this table differ from those used in the original table, the original names are listed parenthetically in upper case at the end of the parameter description. This table was created by the HEASARC in May 2017 based upon the <a href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/cats/J/A+A/594/A26">CDS Catalog J/A+A/594/A26</a> file pccs217.dat. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/planckhzsc
- Title:
- Planck High-Redshift Source Candidates Catalog
- Short Name:
- PLANCKHZSC
- Date:
- 25 Apr 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- The Planck mission, thanks to its large frequency range and all-sky coverage, has a unique potential for systematically detecting the brightest, and rarest, sub-millimeter sources on the sky, including distant objects in the high-redshift Universe traced by their dust emission. A novel method, based on a component-separation procedure using a combination of Planck and IRAS data, has been validated and characterized on numerous simulations, and applied to select the most luminous cold sub-millimeter sources with spectral energy distributions peaking between 353 and 857GHz at 5-arcminute resolution. A total of 2,151 Planck high-z source candidates (the PHZ list) have been detected in the cleanest 26% of the sky, with flux density at 545 GHz above 500 mJy. Embedded in the cosmic infrared background close to the confusion limit, these high-z candidates exhibit colder colors than their surroundings, consistent with redshifts z greater than 2, assuming a dust temperature of T<sub>xgal</sub> = 35 K and a spectral index of beta<sub>xgal</sub> = 1.5. Exhibiting extremely high luminosities, larger than 10<sup>14</sup> L<sub>sun</sub>, the PHZ objects may be made of multiple galaxies or clumps at high redshift, as suggested by a first statistical analysis based on a comparison with number count models. Furthermore, first follow-up observations obtained from optical to sub-millimeter wavelengths, which can be found in companion papers, have confirmed that this list consists of two distinct populations. A small fraction (around 3%) of the sources have been identified as strongly gravitationally lensed star-forming galaxies at redshift 2 to 4, while the vast majority of the PHZ sources appear as overdensities of dusty star-forming galaxies, having colors consistent with being at z > 2, and may be considered as proto-cluster candidates. The PHZ provides an original sample, which is complementary to the Planck Sunyaev-Zeldovich Catalog (PSZ2); by extending the population of virialized massive galaxy clusters detected below z < 1.5 through their SZ signal to a population of sources at z > 1.5, the PHZ may contain the progenitors of today's clusters. Hence the Planck list of high-redshift source candidates opens a new window on the study of the early stages of structure formation, particularly understanding the intensively star-forming phase at high-z. The compact source detection algorithm used herein requires positive detections simultaneously within a 5-arcminute radius in the 545-GHz excess map, and the 857-, 545-, and 353-GHz cleaned maps. It also requires a non-detection in the 100-GHz cleaned maps, which traces emission from synchrotron sources. A detection is then defined as a local maximum of the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) above a given threshold in each map, with a spatial separation of at least 5 arcminutes being required between two local maxima. A threshold of S/N > 5 is adopted for detections in the 545-GHz excess map, while this is slightly relaxed to S/N > 3 for detections in the cleaned maps because the constraint imposed by the spatial consistency between detections in all three bands is expected to reinforce the robustness of a simultaneous detection. Concerning the 100-GHz band, the authors adopt a similar threshold by requiring the absence of any local maximum with S/N > 3 within a radius of 5 arcminutes. The HEASARC has changed the names of many of the parameters from those given in the original table. In such cases we have listed the original names in parentheses at the end of the parameter descriptions given below. This table was created by the HEASARC in May 2017 based upon the <a href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/cats/J/A+A/596/A100">CDS Catalog J/A+A/596/A100</a> file phz.dat. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/plancksz2
- Title:
- Planck 2nd Sunyaev-Zeldovich Source Catalog
- Short Name:
- PLANCKSZ2
- Date:
- 25 Apr 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- This table contains the all-sky Planck catalog of Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) sources detected from the 29 month full Planck mission data. The catalog (PSZ2) is the largest SZ-selected sample of galaxy clusters yet produced and the deepest systematic all-sky survey of galaxy clusters. It contains 1,653 detections, of which 1,203 are confirmed clusters with identified counterparts in external data sets, and is the first SZ-selected cluster survey containing more than 10<sup>3</sup> confirmed clusters. In the reference paper, the authors present a detailed analysis of the survey selection function in terms of its completeness and statistical reliability, placing a lower limit of 83% on the purity. Using simulations, they find that the estimates of the SZ strength parameter Y<sub>5R500</sub> are robust to pressure-profile variation and beam systematics, but accurate conversion to Y<sub>500</sub> requires the use of prior information on the cluster extent. The authors also describe the multi-wavelength search for counterparts in ancillary data, which makes use of radio, microwave, infrared, optical, and X-ray data sets, and which places emphasis on the robustness of the counterpart match. They discuss the physical properties of the new sample and identify a population of low-redshift X-ray under-luminous clusters revealed by SZ selection. These objects appear in optical and SZ surveys with consistent properties for their mass, but they are almost absent from ROSAT X-ray selected samples. Three pipelines were used to detect SZ clusters: two independent implementations of the Matched Multi-Filter (MMF1 and MMF3) and PowellSnakes (PwS). The main catalog contained in this HEASARC table is constructed as the union of the catalogs from the three detection methods. The completeness and reliability of the catalogs have been assessed through internal and external validation as described in section 4 of the reference paper. The HEASARC has changed the names of many of the parameters from those given in the original table. In such cases we have listed the original names in parentheses at the end of the parameter descriptions given below. This table was created by the HEASARC in May 2017 based upon the <a href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/cats/J/A+A/594/A27">CDS Catalog J/A+A/594/A27</a> file psz2.dat, the main (union of 3 pipelines) SZ source catalog. The source catalogs from the 3 individual pipelines are available at <a href="http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/ftp/cats/J/A+A/594/A27/">http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/ftp/cats/J/A+A/594/A27/</a> as the files pszmmf1.dat, pszmmf3.dat and pszpws.dat. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/ppm
- Title:
- Positions and Proper Motions Catalog
- Short Name:
- PPM
- Date:
- 25 Apr 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- The PPM database is the Catalog of Positions and Proper Motions. It combines the two catalogs for PPM North and PPM South, the Bright Stars Supplement to PPM, and the 90,000 Stars Supplement to the PPM. The PPM North list gives positions and proper motions of 181731 stars north of -2.5 degrees declination. PPM South gives positions and proper motions of 197179 stars south of about -2.5 degrees declination. The star density of PPM South is slightly higher than that of its northern counterpart and the accuracy of the present-epoch positions is roughly twice that in the north. A number of bright stars are missing from the PPM and PPM South Star Catalogs. The Bright Stars Supplement included here makes the PPM catalogs complete down to V=7.5 mag. For this purpose it adds all missing stars brighter than V=7.6 mag that could be found in published star lists. Their total number is 321. Only 5 of them are brighter than V=3.5 Since its appearance in 1966, the SAO Catalogue has been the primary source for stellar positions and proper motions. Typical values for the rms errors are 1 arcsec in the positions at epoch 1990, and 1.5 arcsec/century in the proper motions. The corresponding figures for the AGK3 Catalog in the northern hemisphere are 0.45 arcsec and 0.9 arcsec/century. Common to both of these catalogues is the fact that proper motions are derived from two observational epochs only, and that positions are nominally in the B1950/FK4 coordinate system. The PPM Star Catalogue (Roeser and Bastian, 1991, Bastian et al., 1993; for a short description see Roeser and Bastian, 1993) effectively replaced these catalogues by providing more precise astrometric data for more stars on the J2000/FK5 coordinate system. Compared to the SAO Catalogue the improvement in precision is about a factor of 3 on the northern and a factor of 6 to 10 on the southern hemisphere. In addition, the number of stars is increased by about 50 percent. Typical values for the rms errors on the northern hemisphere are 0.27 arcsec in the positions at epoch 1990, and 0.42 arcsec/century in the proper motions. On the southern hemisphere PPM is much better, the corresponding figures being 0.11 arcsec and 0.30 arcsec/century. The improvement over the SAO Catalogue was made possible by the advent of new big catalogues of position measurements and by the inclusion of the century-old Astrographic Catalogue (AC) into the derivation of proper motions. The AC contains roughly four million stars that are not included in PPM. For most of them no precise modern-epoch position measurements exist. Thus it is not yet possible to derive proper motions with PPM quality for all AC stars. But among the 4 million there is a subset of some 100,000 CPC-2 stars that are not included in PPM. These stars constitute the 90,000 Stars Supplement to PPM, and can be identified from their PPM Number having a value between 700001 and 789676. This database was updated by the HEASARC in October 1999 based on ADC/CDS catalogs I/146 (PPM - North), I/193 (PPM - South), I/206 (Bright Stars Supplement to PPM), and I/208 (90,000 Stars Supplement to PPM). This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/ppmxlbmd
- Title:
- PPM-XL Bright M Dwarfs Catalog
- Short Name:
- PPMXLBMD
- Date:
- 25 Apr 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- Using the Position and Proper Motion Extended-L (PPMXL) catalog, the authors have used optical and near-infrared color cuts together with a reduced proper motion cut to find bright M dwarfs for future exoplanet transit studies. PPMXL's low proper-motion uncertainties allow them to probe down to smaller proper motions than previous similar studies. The authors have combined unique objects found with this method to that of previous work to produce 8,479 K < 9th magnitude M dwarfs. Low-resolution spectroscopy was obtained of a sample of the objects found using this selection method to gain statistics on their spectral type and physical properties. Results show a spectral-type range of K7 to M4V. This catalog is the most complete collection of K < 9 M dwarfs currently available and is made available herein. The PPMXL catalog (Roeser et al. 2010) represents a combination of the USNO-B1.0 and Two Micron All-Sky Survey (2MASS) catalogs mapped on to the International Celestial Reference Frame (ICRF), which allows proper motions to be described in a quasi-absolute manner as opposed to relative. PPMXL now provides low uncertainties for both the proper motion and position for many of the objects within the two catalogs. Typical uncertainties for proper motions are 4 - 10 mas/yr. The NIR JHK magnitudes from 2MASS and the optical BVRI magnitudes from USNO-B1.0 also provide very useful color information about the objects and are used during the sample selection process. In this work, the authors classified 4,054 M dwarfs with magnitudes of K < 9 from the PPMXL catalog. By probing down to lower proper motions, this work has produced 1,193 new bright M dwarf candidates that were not included in previous catalogs. By combining these objects with M dwarfs from Lepine & Gaidos (2011, AJ, 142, 138) the authors obtained a final catalog with 8,479 K < 9 late K and M dwarfs suitable for future exoplanet transit studies. This table was created by the HEASARC in February 2015 based on the <a href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/cats/J/MNRAS/435/2161">CDS Catalog J/MNRAS/435/2161</a> file table3.dat. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/pgc2003
- Title:
- Principal Galaxy Catalog (PGC) 2003
- Short Name:
- PGC
- Date:
- 25 Apr 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- The Principal Galaxy Catalog, 2003 Version (PGC2003) is a new catalog of principal galaxies. It constitutes the framework of the HYPERLEDA database that supersedes the LEDA one, with more data and more capabilities. The catalog is still restricted to confirmed galaxies, i.e. about one million galaxies, brighter than a B-magnitude of ~18. In order to provide the best possible identification for each galaxy, the authors give accurate coordinates (typical accuracy of better than 2 arcseconds), diameters, axis ratios and position angles. Diameters and axis ratios have been homogenized to the RC2 system at the limiting surface brightness of 25 B-mag/arcsec<sup>2</sup>, using a new method (EPIDEMIC). In order to provide the best designation for each galaxy, the authors have collected names from 50 catalogs. The compatibility of the spelling has been tested against NED and SIMBAD, and, as far as possible a spelling is used that is compatible with both. For some cases, where no consensus exists between NED, SIMBAD and LEDA, the authors have proposed some changes that could make the spelling of names fully compatible. The full catalog is distributed through the CDS and can be extracted from HYPERLEDA, <a href="http://leda.univ-lyon1.fr/">http://leda.univ-lyon1.fr/</a>. This table was created by the HEASARC in July 2004 based on the <a href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/cats/VII/237">CDS catalog VII/237</a> file pgc.dat.gz. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
680. Pulsar Catalog
- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/pulsar
- Title:
- Pulsar Catalog
- Short Name:
- Taylor
- Date:
- 25 Apr 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- This database is based on the 1995 May 3 electronic version of the Taylor et al. Pulsar Catalog and contains data on 706 pulsars, i.e., it contains 25% more entries than the version published by Taylor et al. in 1993 ApJS. The HEASARC obtained this electronic version from the Princeton University FTP site. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
