- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/838/73
- Title:
- Brown dwarf surface gravities with Keck/NIRSPEC
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/838/73
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We combine 131 new medium-resolution (R~2000) J-band spectra of M, L, and T dwarfs from the Keck NIRSPEC Brown Dwarf Spectroscopic Survey (BDSS) with 97 previously published BDSS spectra to study surface-gravity-sensitive indices for 228 low-mass stars and brown dwarfs spanning spectral types M5-T9. Specifically, we use an established set of spectral indices to determine surface gravity classifications for all of the M6-L7 objects in our sample by measuring the equivalent widths (EW) of the K I lines at 1.1692, 1.1778, and 1.2529{mu}m, and the 1.2{mu}m FeH_J_ absorption index. Our results are consistent with previous surface gravity measurements, showing a distinct double peak-at ~L5 and T5-in K I EW as a function of spectral type. We analyze the K I EWs of 73 objects of known ages and find a linear trend between log(Age) and EW. From this relationship, we assign age ranges to the very low gravity, intermediate gravity, and field gravity designations for spectral types M6-L0. Interestingly, the ages probed by these designations remain broad, change with spectral type, and depend on the gravity-sensitive index used. Gravity designations are useful indicators of the possibility of youth, but current data sets cannot be used to provide a precise age estimate.
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- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/559/A29
- Title:
- BR 1202-0725 system in [CII] line
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/559/A29
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We performed a kinematical analysis of the [CII] line emission of the BR 1202-0725 system at z~4.7 using ALMA science verification observations. The most prominent sources of this system are a quasar (QSO) and a submillimeter galaxy (SMG), separated by a projected distance of about ~24kpc and characterized by very high star formation rates, higher than 1000M_{sun}_/yr. However, the ALMA observations reveal that these galaxies apparently have undisturbed rotating disks, which is at variance with the commonly accepted scenario in which strong star formation activity is induced by a major merger.We also detected faint components which, after spectral deblending, were spatially resolved from the main QSO and SMG emissions. The relative velocities and positions of these components are compatible with orbital motions within the gravitational potentials generated by the QSO host galaxy and the SMG, suggesting that they are smaller galaxies in interaction or gas clouds in accretion flows of tidal streams. Moreover, we did not find any clear spectral evidence for outflows caused by active galactic nuclei or stellar feedback. This suggests that the high star formation rates might be induced by interactions or minor mergers with these companions, which do not affect the large-scale kinematics of the disks, however. Alternatively, the strong star formation may be fueled by the accretion of pristine gas from the host halo. Our kinematical analysis also indicates that the QSO and the SMG have similar dynamical masses, mostly in the form of molecular gas, and that the QSO host galaxy and the SMG are seen close to face-on with slightly different disk inclinations: the QSO host galaxy is seen almost face-on (i~15{deg}), while the SMG is seen at higher inclinations (i~25{deg}). Finally, the ratio between the black hole mass of the QSO, obtained from new X-shooter spectroscopy, and the dynamical mass of the host galaxy is similar to value found in very massive local galaxies, suggesting that the evolution of black hole galaxy relations is probably better studied with dynamical than with stellar host galaxy masses.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/606/A8
- Title:
- Bubble HII region Sh2-39 (N5)
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/606/A8
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Aiming at studying the physical properties of Galactic IR bubbles and to explore their impact in triggering massive star formation, we perform a multiwavelength analysis of the bubble HII region Sh2-39 (N5) and its environs. To analyze the molecular gas we use CO(3-2) and HCO^+^(4-3) line data obtained with the on-the-fly technique from the ASTE telescope. To study the distribution and physical characteristics of the dust, we make use of archival data from ATLASGAL, Herschel, and MSX, while the ionized gas was studied making use of an NVSS image. We use public WISE, Spitzer, and MSX point source catalogs to search for infrared candidate YSOs in the region. To investigate the stellar cluster [BDS2003] 6 we use IR spectroscopic data obtained with the ARCoIRIS spectrograph, mounted on Blanco 4-m Telescope at CTIO, and new available IR Ks band observations from the VVVeXtended ESO Public Survey (VVVX). The new ASTE observations allowed the molecular gas component in the velocity range from 30km/s to 46km/s, associated with Sh2-39, to be studied in detail. The morphology of the molecular gas suggests that the ionized gas is expanding against its parental cloud. We have identified four molecular clumps, that were likely formed by the expansion of the ionization front, and determined some of their physical and dynamical properties. Clumps having HCO^+^ and 870um counterparts show evidence of gravitational collapse. We identified several candidate YSOs across the molecular component. Their spatial distribution, as well as the fragmentation time derived for the collected layers of the molecular gas, suggest that massive star formation might have been triggered by the expansion of the nebula via the collect and collapse mechanism. The spectroscopical distance obtained for the stellar cluster [BDS2003] 6, placed over one of the collapsing clumps in the border of the HII region, reveals that this cluster is physically associated with the nebula and gives more support to the triggered massive star formation scenario. A radio continuum data analysis indicates that the nebula is older and expands at lower velocity than typical IR Galactic bubbles.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/PASP/122/17
- Title:
- BV light curves of 2MASS J06451725+4122158
- Short Name:
- J/PASP/122/17
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The results of extensive time-series photometry of a new variable star, 2MASS 06451725+4122158, are presented. The B, V observations (over 4000 individual measurements) were made over 23 nights between 2006 and 2007. To investigate the star's physical characteristics additional Stroemgren photometric observations (uvbyHbeta) were made on another four nights in 2007 and 2009. Thirteen frequencies were found from a multifrequency analysis of the V and B photometry. All but two of the frequencies, 19.99716cycles/d (corresponding to the pulsation period of 0.0500071d) and 25.84662cycles/d (0.0386898d), have been identified as combination frequencies.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/385/884
- Title:
- BVRIJHK photometry of 27 post-AGB candidates
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/385/884
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- BVRIJHK photometric observations are presented for 27 post-AGB candidates. Almost all objects show a double peaked spatial energy distribution (SED) curve in the optical to far-infrared wavelengths. Seventeen objects were classified as post-AGB stars on the basis of their spectral type, location in the IRAS color-color diagram and SED. The physical parameters of the observed post-AGB stars, the inner radius of the detached shell, the mass of the shell and the distance were derived using the simple dust shell model. We compared our observational sequence of post-AGB objects to the theoretical evolutionary sequence (Schoenberner, 1983ApJ...272..708S; Bloecker, 1995, Cat. <J/A+A/299/755>) in the stellar temperatures versus age diagram. We found that two post-AGB stars, IRAS 05040+4820 and 08187-1905, have low stellar temperature with a large dynamical age of the dust shell. They appear to provide the first observational evidence that some low-mass stars bypass the planetary nebulae stage because of their slow increase in stellar temperature.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/382/60
- Title:
- BVR photometry in Abell 1689
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/382/60
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- At a redshift of 0.18, Abell 1689 is so far the most distant cluster of galaxies for which substantial mid-infrared (MIR) data have been published. Its mapping with the ISOCAM camera onboard the ISO satellite allowed the detection of 30 cluster members at 6.75{mu}m (LW2 filter) and 16 cluster members at 15{mu}m (LW3 filter) within a clustercentric radius of 0.5Mpc (Fadda et al., 2000A&A...361..827F, Paper I). We present here the follow-up optical photometric and spectroscopic observations which were used to study the individual properties of the galaxy members of A1689. We confirm the high fraction of blue galaxies initially reported in this rich cluster by Butcher & Oemler (1984ApJ...285..426B), that was challenged by some subsequent studies. We discuss the spectral and morphological properties of all cluster members in our spectroscopic sample, and of the MIR-detected galaxies in particular.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/136/1039
- Title:
- CaII index of SMC red giant branch stars
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/136/1039
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present stellar metallicities derived from Ca II triplet spectroscopy in over 350 red giant branch stars in 13 fields distributed in different positions in the Small Magellanic Cloud, ranging from ~1{deg} to ~4{deg} from its center. In the innermost fields, the average metallicity is [Fe/H]~-1. This value decreases when we move away toward outermost regions. This is the first detection of a spectroscopic metallicity gradient in this galaxy. We show that the metallicity gradient is related to an age gradient, in the sense that more metal-rich stars, which are also younger, are concentrated in the central regions of the galaxy.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/135/836
- Title:
- Calcium triplet index in LMC stars
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/135/836
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Infrared CaII triplet (CaT) spectroscopy has been used to derive stellar metallicities for individual stars in four Large Magellanic Cloud fields situated at galactocentric distances of 3{deg}, 5{deg}, 6{deg}, and 8{deg} to the north of the bar. The combination of spectroscopy with deep CCD photometry has allowed us to break the RGB age-metallicity degeneracy and compute the ages for the objects observed spectroscopically. The obtained age-metallicity relationships (AMRs) for our four fields are statistically indistinguishable. We conclude that the lower mean metallicity in the outermost field is a consequence of it having a lower fraction of intermediate-age stars, which are more metal-rich than the older stars. The disk AMR is similar to that for clusters. However, the lack of objects with ages between 3 and 10Gyr is not observed in the field population. Finally, we used data from the literature to derive consistently the AMR of the bar. Simple chemical evolution models have been used to reproduce the observed AMRs with the purpose of investigating which mechanism has participated in the evolution of the disk and bar.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/PASP/120/1128
- Title:
- Calibrated griz magnitudes of Tycho stars
- Short Name:
- J/PASP/120/1128
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Photometric calibration at an accuracy of ~5% in an arbitrary celestial location is frequently needed. However, existing all-sky astronomical catalogue do not reach this accuracy, and time consuming photometric calibration procedures are required. I fitted the Hipparcos B_T_, and V_T_ magnitudes, along with the 2MASS J, H, and K magnitudes of Tycho-2 catalog-stars with stellar spectral templates. From the best fit spectral template derived for each star, I calculated its synthetic SDSS griz magnitudes, and constructed an all-sky catalog of griz magnitudes of bright stars (V<12). Testing this method on SDSS photometric telescope observations, I find that the photometric accuracy, for a single star, is usually about 0.12, 0.12, 0.10 and 0.08 mag (1sigma), for the g, r, i, and z-bands, respectively. However, by using ~10 such stars, the typical errors per calibrated field (systematic + statistical) can be reduced to about 0.04, 0.03, 0.02, and 0.02 mag, in the g, r, i, and z-bands, respectively. Therefore, in cases for which several calibration stars can be observed in the field of view of an instrument, it is possible to photometrically calibrate the image.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/157/229
- Title:
- CALSPEC: WFC3 infrared grism spectrophotometry
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/157/229
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The collections of spectral energy distributions (SEDs) in the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) CALSPEC database are augmented by 19 infrared (IR) SEDs from Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) IR grism spectra. Together, the two IR grisms, G102 and G141, cover the 0.8-1.7 {mu}m range with resolutions of R=200 and 150, respectively. These new WFC3 SEDs overlap existing CALSPEC Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) standard star flux distributions at 0.8-1 {mu}m with agreement to ~<1%. Some CALSPEC standards already have near-IR camera and multi-object spectrogragh (NICMOS) SEDs; but in their overlap region at 0.8-1.7 {mu}m, the WFC3 data have better wavelength accuracy, better spectral resolution, better repeatability, and, consequently, better flux distributions of ~1% accuracy in our CALSPEC absolute flux SEDs versus ~2% for NICMOS. With the improved SEDs in the WFC3 range, the modeled extrapolations to 32 {mu}m for the James Webb Space Telescope flux standards begin to lose precision longward of the 1.7 {mu}m WFC3 limit, instead of at the 1.0-{mu}m-long wavelength limit for STIS. For example, the extrapolated IR flux longward of 1.7 {mu}m for 1808347 increases by ~1% for the model fit to the data with WFC3, instead of just to the STIS SED alone.
