- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/PASJ/58/L29
- Title:
- JHK photometry of low-mass stars in BRC 14
- Short Name:
- J/PASJ/58/L29
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We carried out a deep near-infrared survey of a bright-rimmed molecular cloud, BRC 14 (IC 1848A). The 10{sigma} limiting magnitude of the survey is 17.7mag at the K-band. Seventy-four sources are classified as young stellar object (YSO) candidates based on a near-infrared color-color diagram. The faintest YSO candidates may have masses on the order of tenths of the solar mass, assuming an age of 1Myr. We examined three values as indicators of star formation: fraction of the YSO candidates, extinctions of all sources, and near-infrared excesses of the YSO candidates. All indicators increase from outside of the rim to the center of the molecular cloud, which suggests that the formation of the low-mass stars in the BRC 14 region proceeds from outside to the center of the cloud.
Number of results to display per page
Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/353/1025
- Title:
- JHK photometry of 4 W51 star clusters
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/353/1025
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present sub-arcsecond (0.35-0.9"), near-infrared J-, H- and K-band photometric observations of six fields along the W51 giant molecular cloud (W51 GMC). Our observations reveal four new, embedded clusters and provide a new high-resolution (0.35") view of the W51 IRS2 (G49.5-0.4) region. The cluster associated with G48.9-0.3 is found to be a double cluster enclosed in a nest of near-infrared nebulosity. We construct stellar surface density maps for four major clusters in the W51 GMC. These unveil the underlying hierarchical structure.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/471/573
- Title:
- JHKs photometry of a new stellar cluster
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/471/573
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We report the discovery of a new young stellar cluster and molecular cloud located in the far outer Galaxy, seen towards IRAS 06361-0142, and we characterise their properties. Near-infrared images obtained with VLT/ISAAC through JHK filters, millimetre line observations of CO(1-0) obtained with SEST, and VLA 6cm continuum maps obtained from archive data.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/367/513
- Title:
- JHKs[3.5][4.5] photometry of NGC 3372
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/367/513
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the results of an imaging survey, from the optical to the mid-infrared, of the dark cloud associated with Car I, a dense cloud that is subject to an intense ultraviolet radiation field from the rich stellar cluster Trumpler 14. New ground-based broad- and narrow-band near-infrared and narrow-band optical images are analysed in combination with archived Spitzer/Infra-Red Array Camera (IRAC) images to study this photodissociation region (PDR) and the triggering of a new generation of stars within the cloud, particularly close to its edges. Evidence is given of a clumpy morphology of the dense cloud. The ionization/dissociation front is delineated at the edges of these clumps. The existence of a number of embedded low- to intermediate-mass pre-main-sequence objects is confirmed by their considerable infrared excesses arising from discs and/or detectable X-ray emission. Most of the young stellar objects (YSOs) are located on or just behind ionization fronts, though a few are also outside the cloud. The infrared properties of the YSOs are discussed.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/234/42
- Title:
- JHKs polarimetry in Circinus Molecular Cloud
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/234/42
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the results of near-infrared (NIR) linear imaging polarimetry in the J, H, and Ks bands of the low-mass star cluster-forming region in the Circinus Molecular Cloud Complex. Using aperture polarimetry of point-like sources, positive detection of 314, 421, and 164 sources in the J, H, and Ks bands, respectively, was determined from among 749 sources whose photometric magnitudes were measured. For the source classification of the 133 point-like sources whose polarization could be measured in all 3 bands, a color-color diagram was used. While most of the NIR polarizations of point-like sources are well-aligned and can be explained by dichroic polarization produced by aligned interstellar dust grains in the cloud, 123 highly polarized sources have also been identified with some criteria. The projected direction on the sky of the magnetic field in the Cir-MMS region is indicated by the mean polarization position angles (70{deg}) of the point-like sources in the observed region, corresponding to approximately 1.6x1.6pc^2^. In addition, the magnetic field direction is compared with the outflow orientations associated with Infrared Astronomy Satellite sources, in which two sources were found to be aligned with each other and one source was not. We also show prominent polarization nebulosities over the Cir-MMS region for the first time. Our polarization data have revealed one clear infrared reflection nebula (IRN) and several candidate IRNe in the Cir-MMS field. In addition, the illuminating sources of the IRNe are identified with near- and mid-infrared sources.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/II/289
- Title:
- JKH photometry in LDN 1688
- Short Name:
- II/289
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- A review of star formation in the Rho Ophiuchi molecular complex is presented, with particular emphasis on studies of the main cloud, L1688, since 1991. Recent photometric and parallax measurements of stars in the Upper Scorpius subgroup of the Sco-Cen OB association suggest a distance for the cloud between 120 and 140 parsecs. Star formation is ongoing in the dense cores of L1688 with a median age for young stellar objects of 0.3Myr. The surface population appears to have a median age of 2-5Myr and merges with low mass stars in the Upper Scorpius subgroup. Making use of the most recent X-ray and infrared photometric surveys and spectroscopic surveys of L1688, we compile a list of over 300 association members with counterparts in the 2MASS catalog. Membership criteria, such as lithium absorption, X-ray emission, and infrared excess, cover the full range of evolutionary states for young stellar objects. Spectral energy distributions are classified for many association members using infrared photometry obtained from the Spitzer Space Telescope.
307. JVLA images of W51A
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/595/A27
- Title:
- JVLA images of W51A
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/595/A27
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present new JVLA observations of the high-mass cluster-forming region W51A from 2 to 16GHz with resolution {theta}_fwhm_~~0.3-0.5". The data reveal a wealth of observational results: (1) Currently-forming, very massive (proto-O) stars are traced by o-H_2_CO 2_1,1_-2_1,2_ emission, suggesting that this line can be used efficiently as a massive protostar tracer. (2) There is a spatially distributed population of <~mJy continuum sources, including hypercompact HII regions and candidate colliding wind binaries, in and around the W51 proto-clusters. (3) There are two clearly detected protoclusters, W51e and W51 IRS2, that are gas-rich but may have most of their mass in stars within their inner <~0.05pc. The majority of the bolometric luminosity in W51 most likely comes from a third population of OB stars between these clusters. The presence of a substantial population of exposed O-stars coincident with a population of still-forming massive stars, along with a direct measurement of the low mass loss rate via ionized gas outflow from W51 IRS2, together imply that feedback is ineffective at halting star formation in massive protoclusters. Instead, feedback may shut off the large-scale accretion of diffuse gas onto the W51 protoclusters, implying that they are evolving towards a state of gas exhaustion rather than gas expulsion. Recent theoretical models predict gas exhaustion to be a necessary step in the formation of gravitationally bound stellar clusters, and our results provide an observational validation of this process.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/156/71
- Title:
- K2 Campaign 2: young disk-bearing stars in Sco & Oph
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/156/71
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The K2 Mission has photometrically monitored thousands of stars at high precision and cadence in a series of ~80-day campaigns focused on sections of the ecliptic plane. During its second campaign, K2 targeted over 1000 young stellar objects (YSOs) in the ~1-3 Myr {rho} Ophiuchus and 5-10 Myr Upper Scorpius regions. From this set, we have carefully vetted photometry from WISE and Spitzer to identify those YSOs with infrared excess indicative of primordial circumstellar disks. We present here the resulting comprehensive sample of 288 young disk-bearing stars from B through M spectral types and analysis of their associated K2 light curves. Using statistics of periodicity and symmetry, we categorize each light curve into eight different variability classes, notably including "dippers" (fading events), "bursters" (brightening events), stochastic, and quasi-periodic types. Nearly all (96%) of disk-bearing YSOs are identified as variable at 30-minute cadence with the sub-1% precision of K2. Combining our variability classifications with (circum)stellar properties, we find that the bursters, stochastic sources, and the largest amplitude quasi-periodic stars have larger infrared colors, and hence stronger circumstellar disks. They also tend to have larger H{alpha} equivalent widths, indicative of higher accretion rates. The dippers, on the other hand, cluster toward moderate infrared colors and low H{alpha}. Using resolved disk observations, we further find that the latter favor high inclinations, except for a few notable exceptions with close to face-on disks. These observations support the idea that YSO time-domain properties are dependent on several factors, including accretion rate and view angle.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/884/4
- Title:
- KEYSTONE: ammonia structures in Galactic GMCs
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/884/4
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present initial results from the K-band Focal Plane Array Examinations of Young STellar Object Natal Environments survey (KEYSTONE), a large project on the 100m Green Bank Telescope mapping ammonia emission across 11 giant molecular clouds at distances of 0.9-3.0kpc (Cygnus X North, Cygnus X South, M16, M17, Mon R1, Mon R2, NGC 2264, NGC 7538, Rosette, W3, and W48). This data release includes the NH_3_ (1,1) and (2,2) maps for each cloud, which are modeled to produce maps of kinetic temperature, centroid velocity, velocity dispersion, and ammonia column density. Median cloud kinetic temperatures range from 11.4+/-2.2K in the coldest cloud (Mon R1) to 23.0+/-6.5K in the warmest cloud (M17). Using dendrograms on the NH_3_ (1,1) integrated intensity maps, we identify 856 dense gas clumps across the 11 clouds. Depending on the cloud observed, 40%-100% of the clumps are aligned spatially with filaments identified in H2 column density maps derived from spectral energy distribution fitting of dust continuum emission. A virial analysis reveals that 523 of the 835 clumps (~63%) with mass estimates are bound by gravity alone. We find no significant difference between the virial parameter distributions for clumps aligned with the dust-continuum filaments and those unaligned with filaments. In some clouds, however, hubs or ridges of dense gas with unusually high mass and low virial parameters are located within a single filament or at the intersection of multiple filaments. These hubs and ridges tend to host water maser emission, multiple 70{mu}m detected protostars, and have masses and radii above an empirical threshold for forming massive stars.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/579/A51
- Title:
- Kinematic and thermal structure of IRDCs
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/579/A51
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We studied the kinematic and thermal structure of the early phases of high- mass and intermediate mass star formation using ammonia observations from the Very Large Array (VLA) and the Effelsberg 100m telescope.
