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1281. J, Ks, NUV emission of 133 red giant stars
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/160/12
Title:
J, Ks, NUV emission of 133 red giant stars
Short Name:
J/AJ/160/12
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
Main-sequence stars exhibit a clear rotation-activity relationship, in which rapidly rotating stars drive strong chromospheric/coronal ultraviolet and X-ray emission. While the vast majority of red giant stars are inactive, a few percent exhibit strong ultraviolet emission. Here we use a sample of 133 red giant stars observed by Sloan Digital Sky Survey APOGEE and Galaxy Evolution Explorer to demonstrate an empirical relationship between near-UV (NUV) excess and rotational velocity (vsini). Beyond this simple relationship, we find that NUV excess also correlates with rotation period and with Rossby number in a manner that shares broadly similar trends to those found in M dwarfs, including activity saturation among rapid rotators. Our data also suggest that the most extremely rapidly rotating giants may exhibit so-called supersaturation, which could be caused by centrifugal stripping of these stars rotating at a high fraction of breakup speed. As an example application of our empirical rotation-activity relation, we demonstrate that the NUV emission observed from a recently reported system comprising a red giant with a black hole companion is fully consistent with arising from the rapidly rotating red giant in that system. Most fundamentally, our findings suggest a common origin of chromospheric activity in rotation and convection for cool stars from main sequence to red giant stages of evolution.
1282. Jurassic structure
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/644/A83
Title:
Jurassic structure
Short Name:
J/A+A/644/A83
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
Detailed elemental-abundance patterns of giant stars in the Galactic halo measured by the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE-2) have revealed the existence of a unique and significant stellar subpopulation of silicon-enhanced ([Si/Fe]>+0.5) metal-poor stars, spanning a wide range of metallicities (-1.5<[Fe/H]<-0.8). Stars with over-abundances in [Si/Fe] are of great interest because these have very strong silicon (^28^Si) spectral features for stars of their metallicity and evolutionary stage, offering clues about rare nucleosynthetic pathways in globular clusters (GCs). Si-rich field stars have been conjectured to have been evaporated from GCs, however, the origin of their abundances remains unclear, and several scenarios have been offered to explain the anomalous abundance ratios. These include the hypothesis that some of them were born from a cloud of gas previously polluted by a progenitor that underwent a specific and peculiar nucleosynthesis event or, alternatively, that they were due to mass transfer from a previous evolved companion. However, those scenarios do not simultaneously explain the wide gamut of chemical species that are found in Si-rich stars. Instead, we show that the present inventory of such unusual stars, as well as their relation to known halo substructures (including the in situ halo, Gaia-Enceladus, the Helmi Stream(s), and Sequoia, among others), is still incomplete. We report the chemical abundances of the iron-peak (Fe), the light- (C and N), the alpha- (O and Mg), the odd-Z (Na and Al), and the s-process (Ce and Nd) elements of 55 newly identified Si-rich field stars (among more than ~600000 APOGEE-2 targets), which exhibit over-abundances of [Si/Fe] as extreme as those observed in some Galactic GCs, and they are relatively well distinguished from other stars in the [Si/Fe]-[Fe/H] plane. This new census confirms the presence of a statistically significant and chemically-anomalous structure in the inner halo: Jurassic. The chemo-dynamical properties of the Jurassic structure is consistent with it being the tidally disrupted remains of GCs, which are easily distinguished by an over-abundance of [Si/Fe] among Milky Way (MW) populations or satellites.
1283. 1Jy BL Lac Objects: Observational Data
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+AS/98/393
Title:
1Jy BL Lac Objects: Observational Data
Short Name:
J/A+AS/98/393
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
Direct imaging and spectroscopic data are reported for the complete sample of 34 BL Lac objects selected from the 1Jy source catalogue (see Cat. <VIII/5>). A short description of each individual object is given along with a general discussion of the features observed in the optical spectra, the optical morphologies, and the environments of the BL Lac objects.
1284. 1Jy IRAS galaxies optical spectroscopy
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/522/113
Title:
1Jy IRAS galaxies optical spectroscopy
Short Name:
J/ApJ/522/113
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
This paper discusses the optical spectroscopic properties of the IRAS 1Jy sample (f_60_>1Jy) of ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIGs: L_IR_>10^12^L_{sun}; H_0_=75km/s/Mpc and q_0_=0). One hundred eight of the 118 1Jy ULIGs have been observed at {Delta}{lambda}=8.3{AA} resolution over the wavelength range ~4500-8900{AA}. These data are combined with large, previously published sets of optical spectroscopic data of lower luminosity infrared galaxies to look for systematic trends with infrared luminosity over the luminosity range L_IR_~10^10.5^-10^13^L_{sun}_.
1285. Kapteyn's star spectroscopic measurements
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/443/L89
Title:
Kapteyn's star spectroscopic measurements
Short Name:
J/MNRAS/443/L89
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
Exoplanets of a few Earth masses can be now detected around nearby low-mass stars using Doppler spectroscopy. In this paper, we investigate the radial velocity variations of Kapteyn's star, which is both a sub-dwarf M-star and the nearest halo object to the Sun. The observations comprise archival and new HARPS, HIRES and PFS Doppler measurements. Two Doppler signals are detected at periods of 48 and 120 days using likelihood periodograms and a Bayesian analysis of the data. Using the same techniques, the activity indices and archival ASAS-3 photometry show evidence for low-level activity periodicities of the order of several hundred days. However, there are no significant correlations with the radial velocity variations on the same time-scales. The inclusion of planetary Keplerian signals in the model results in levels of correlated and excess white noise that are remarkably low compared to younger G, K and M dwarfs. We conclude that Kapteyn's star is most probably orbited by two super-Earth mass planets, one of which is orbiting in its circumstellar habitable zone, becoming the oldest potentially habitable planet known to date. The presence and long-term survival of a planetary system seems a remarkable feat given the peculiar origin and kinematic history of Kapteyn's star. The detection of super-Earth mass planets around halo stars provides important insights into planet-formation processes in the early days of the Milky Way.
1286. Karhunen-Loeve transform of SDSS QSOs
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/140/390
Title:
Karhunen-Loeve transform of SDSS QSOs
Short Name:
J/AJ/140/390
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
The Karhunen-Loeve (KL) transform can compactly represent the information contained in large, complex datasets, cleanly eliminating noise from the data and identifying elements of the dataset with extreme or inconsistent characteristics. We develop techniques to apply the KL transform to the 4000-5700{AA} region of 9800 QSO spectra with z<0.619 from the SDSS archive. Up to 200 eigenspectra are needed to fully reconstruct the spectra in this sample to the limit of their signal-to-noise (S/N). We propose a simple formula for selecting the optimum number of eigenspectra to use to reconstruct any given spectrum, based on the S/N of the spectrum, but validated by formal cross-validation tests.
1287. KASI-Yonsei Deep Imaging Survey of Clusters (KYDISC)
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/237/14
Title:
KASI-Yonsei Deep Imaging Survey of Clusters (KYDISC)
Short Name:
J/ApJS/237/14
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
We present the KASI-Yonsei Deep Imaging Survey of Clusters targeting 14 clusters at 0.015<~z<~0.144 using the Inamori Magellan Areal Camera and Spectrograph on the 6.5m Magellan Baade telescope and the MegaCam on the 3.6m Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope. We provide a catalog of cluster galaxies that lists magnitudes, redshifts, morphologies, bulge-to-total ratios, and local density. Based on the 1409 spectroscopically confirmed cluster galaxies brighter than -19.8 in the r band, we study galaxy morphology, color, and visual features generated by galaxy mergers. We see a clear trend between morphological content and cluster velocity dispersion, which was not presented by previous studies using local clusters. Passive spirals are preferentially found in a highly dense region (i.e., cluster center), indicating that they have gone through environmental quenching. In deep images ({mu}_r'_~27mag/arcsec^2^), 20% of our sample shows signatures of recent mergers, which is not expected from theoretical predictions and a low frequency of ongoing mergers in our sample (~4%). Such a high fraction of recent mergers in the cluster environment supports a scenario that the merger events that made the features have preceded the galaxy accretion into the cluster environment. We conclude that mergers affect a cluster population mainly through the preprocessing of recently accreted galaxies.
1288. K-band & NICMOS photometry of Trapezium Cluster
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/540/1016
Title:
K-band & NICMOS photometry of Trapezium Cluster
Short Name:
J/ApJ/540/1016
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
We have obtained images of the Trapezium Cluster (140"x140"; 0.3pc x 0.3pc) with the Hubble Space Telescope Near-Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer (NICMOS). Combining these data with new ground-based K-band spectra (R=800) and existing spectral types and photometry, we have constructed an H-R diagram and used it and other arguments to infer masses and ages.
1289. K-band spectra for 133 nearby M dwarfs
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/748/93
Title:
K-band spectra for 133 nearby M dwarfs
Short Name:
J/ApJ/748/93
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
We present K-band spectra for 133 nearby (d < 33 pc) M dwarfs, including 18 M dwarfs with reliable metallicity estimates (as inferred from an FGK type companion), 11 M dwarf planet hosts, more than 2/3 of the M dwarfs in the northern 8 pc sample, and several M dwarfs from the LSPM catalog. From these spectra, we measure equivalent widths of the Ca and Na lines, and a spectral index quantifying the absorption due to H_2_O opacity (the H_2_O-K2 index). Using empirical spectral type standards and synthetic models, we calibrate the H_2_O-K2 index as an indicator of an M dwarf's spectral type and effective temperature. We also present a revised relationship that estimates the [Fe/H] and [M/H] metallicities of M dwarfs from their Na I, Ca I, and H_2_O-K2 measurements. Comparisons to model atmosphere provide a qualitative validation of our approach, but also reveal an overall offset between the atomic line strengths predicted by models as compared to actual observations. Our metallicity estimates also reproduce expected correlations with Galactic space motions and H{alpha} emission line strengths, and return statistically identical metallicities for M dwarfs within a common multiple system. Finally, we find systematic residuals between our H_2_O-based spectral types and those derived from optical spectral features with previously known sensitivity to stellar metallicity, such as TiO, and identify the CaH1 index as a promising optical index for diagnosing the metallicities of near-solar M dwarfs.
1290. K-band spectra of 6 LMC globular clusters
ID:
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/510/A19
Title:
K-band spectra of 6 LMC globular clusters
Short Name:
J/A+A/510/A19
Date:
21 Oct 2021
Publisher:
CDS
Description:
Current stellar population models have arguably the largest uncertainties in the near-IR wavelength range, partly due to a lack of large and well calibrated empirical spectral libraries. In this paper we present a project whose aim it is to provide the first library of luminosity weighted integrated near-IR spectra of globular clusters to be used to test the current stellar population models and serve as calibrators for future ones. Our pilot study presents spatially integrated K-band spectra of three old (>=10Gyr) and metal poor ([Fe/H]~-1.4), and three intermediate age (1-2Gyr) and more metal rich ([Fe/H]~-0.4) globular clusters in the LMC.

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