- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/625/A68
- Title:
- Radii and masses of the CARMENES targets
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/625/A68
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We determine the radii and masses of 293 nearby, bright M dwarfs of the CARMENES survey. This is the first time that such a large and homogeneous high-resolution (R>80000) spectroscopic survey has been used to derive these fundamental stellar parameters. We derived the radii using Stefan-Boltzmann's law. We obtained the required effective temperatures Teff from a spectral analysis and we obtained the required luminosities L from integrated broadband photometry together with the Gaia DR2 parallaxes. The mass was then determined using a mass-radius relation that we derived from eclipsing binaries known in the literature. We compared this method with three other methods: (1) We calculated the mass from the radius and the surface gravity logg, which was obtained from the same spectral analysis as Teff. (2) We used a widely used infrared mass-magnitude relation. (3) We used a Bayesian approach to infer stellar parameters from the comparison of the absolute magnitudes and colors of our targets with evolutionary models. Between spectral types M0V and M7V our radii cover the range 0.1R_{sun}_<R<0.6R_{sun}_ with an error of 2-3% and our masses cover 0.09M_{sun}_<M<0.6M_{sun}_ with an error of 3-5%. We find good agreement between the masses determined with these different methods for most of our targets. Only the masses of very young objects show discrepancies. This can be well explained with the assumptions that we used for our methods.
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- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/617/A53
- Title:
- Red-sequence early-type galaxies. II.
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/617/A53
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- This work aims to observationally investigate the history of size growth of early-type galaxies and how the growth depends on cosmic epoch and the mass of the halo in which they are embedded. We carried out a photometric and structural analysis in the rest-frame V band of a mass-selected (logM/M_{sun}_>10.7) sample of red-sequence early-type galaxies with spectroscopic/grism redshift in the general field up to z=2 to complement a previous work presenting an identical analysis but in halos 100 times more massive and 1000 times denser. We homogeneously derived sizes (effective radii) fully accounting for the multi-component nature of galaxies and the common presence of isophote twists and ellipticity gradients. By using these mass-selected samples, composed of 170 red-sequence early-type galaxies in the general field and 224 identically selected and analyzed in clusters, we isolate the effect on galaxy sizes of the halo in which galaxies are embedded and its dependence on epoch. We find that the log of the galaxy size at a fixed stellar mass, log M/M_{sun}_=11, has increased with epoch at a rate twice as fast in the field than in cluster in the last 10Gyr (0.26+/-0.03 versus 0.13+/-0.02dex per unit redshift). Red-sequence early-type galaxies in the general field reached the size of their cousins in denser environment by z=0.25+/-0.13 in spite of being three times smaller at z~2. Data point toward a model where size growth is epoch-independent (i.e., {\partial}logre/{\partial}z=c), but with a rate c depending on environment, {\partial}c/{\partial}logM_halo_~=0.05. Environment determines the growth rate (dlogre/dz) at all redshifts, indicating an external origin for the galaxy growth without any clear epoch where it ceases to have an effect. The larger size of early-type galaxies in massive halos at high redshift indicates that their size grew buildup earlier (at z>2) at an accelerated rate, slowing down at some still unidentified z>2 redshift. Instead, the size growth rate of red-sequence early-type galaxies in low-mass halos is reversed: it proceeds at an increased rate at late epochs after an early period (z>2) of reduced growth, in agreement with the qualitative hierarchical picture of galaxy evolution. We found similar values of scatter around the mass-size relation independently of environment and epoch, indicating that the amount of dissipation in the system forming the observed galaxy does not vary greatly with epoch or environment.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/640/A34
- Title:
- Red-sequence early-type galaxies in clusters
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/640/A34
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- It is not well understood whether the growth of early-type cluster galaxies proceeds inside-out, outside-in, or at the same pace at all radii. In this work we measured the galaxy size, defined by the radius including 80% of the galaxy light, non-parametrically. We also determined a non-parametric estimate of galaxy light concentration, which measures the curvature of the surface brightness profile in the galaxy outskirts. We used an almost random sampling of a mass-limited sample formed by 128 morphologically early-type galaxies in clusters with logM/M_{sun}_>10.7 spanning the wide range 0.17<z<1.81. From these data we derived the size-mass and concentration-mass relations, as well as their evolution. At 80% light radius, early-type galaxies in clusters are about 2.7 times larger than at 50% radius at all redshifts, and close to de Vaucouleurs profiles in the last 10Gyr. While between z=2 and z=0 both half-light and 80% light sizes increase by a factor of 1.7, concentration stays constant within 2%, that is to say the size growth of early-type galaxies in cluster environments proceeds at the same pace at both radii. Existing physical explanations proposed in the literature are inconsistent with our results, demonstrating the need for dedicated numerical simulations to identify the physical mechanism affecting the galaxy structure.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/593/A2
- Title:
- Red-sequence early-type galaxies in clusters
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/593/A2
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We carried out a photometric and structural analysis in the rest-frame V band of a mass-selected (logM/M_{sun}_>10.7) sample of red sequence galaxies in 14 galaxy clusters, six of which are at z>1.45, namely JKCS041, IDCS J1426.5+3508, SpARCS104922.6+564032.5, SpARCSJ022426-032330, XDCPJ0044.0-2033, and SPT-CLJ2040-4451. To this aim, we reduced/analysed about 300 orbits of multicolor images taken with the Advanced Camera for Survey and the Wide Field Camera 3 on Hubble Space Telescope. We uniformly morphologically classified galaxies from z=0.023 to z=1.803, and we homogeneously derived sizes (effective radii) for the entire sample. Furthermore, our size derivation allows, and therefore is not biased by, the presence of the usual variety of morphological structures seen in early-type galaxies, such as bulges, bars, disks, isophote twists, and ellipticity gradients. By such a mass-selected sample, composed of 244 red-sequence early-type galaxies, we find that the log of the galaxy size at a fixed stellar mass, logM/M_{sun}_=11 increases with time with a rate of 0.023+/-0.002dex per Gyr in the last 10Gyr, in marked contrast with the threefold increase found in literature for galaxies in the general field over the same period. This suggests, at face value, to exclude that secular processes are the primary drivers of size evolution, because we observed and environmental environmental dependent size growth. Using spectroscopic ages of Coma early-type galaxies we also find that recently quenched early-type galaxies are a numerically minor population not different in size enough to alter the mean size at a given mass, which implies that the progenitor bias is minor, i.e. that the evolution measured by selecting galaxies at the redshift of observation is indistinguishable from the one that compares ancestors and descendents.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/832/126
- Title:
- RESOLVE survey: 21cm obs. with GBT & Arecibo
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/832/126
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the HI mass inventory for the REsolved Spectroscopy Of a Local VolumE (RESOLVE) survey, a volume-limited, multi-wavelength census of >1500 z=0 galaxies spanning diverse environments and complete in baryonic mass down to dwarfs of ~10^9^M_{sun}_. This first 21cm data release provides robust detections or strong upper limits (1.4M_HI_<5%-10% of stellar mass M*) for ~94% of RESOLVE. We examine global atomic gas-to-stellar mass ratios (G/S) in relation to galaxy environment using several metrics: group dark matter halo mass M_h_, central/satellite designation, relative mass density of the cosmic web, and distance to the nearest massive group. We find that at fixed M*, satellites have decreasing G/S with increasing M_h_ starting clearly at M_h_~10^12^M_{sun}_, suggesting the presence of starvation and/or stripping mechanisms associated with halo gas heating in intermediate-mass groups. The analogous relationship for centrals is uncertain because halo abundance matching builds in relationships between central G/S, stellar mass, and halo mass, which depend on the integrated group property used as a proxy for halo mass (stellar or baryonic mass). On larger scales G/S trends are less sensitive to the abundance matching method. At fixed M_h_<=10^12^M_{sun}_, the fraction of gas-poor centrals increases with large-scale structure density. In overdense regions, we identify a rare population of gas-poor centrals in low-mass (M_h_<10^11.4^M_{sun}_) halos primarily located within ~1.5x the virial radius of more massive (M_h_>10^12^M_{sun}_) halos, suggesting that gas stripping and/or starvation may be induced by interactions with larger halos or the surrounding cosmic web. We find that the detailed relationship between G/S and environment varies when we examine different subvolumes of RESOLVE independently, which we suggest may be a signature of assembly bias.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/229/30
- Title:
- Revised stellar properties of Q1-17 Kepler targets
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/229/30
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The determination of exoplanet properties and occurrence rates using Kepler data critically depends on our knowledge of the fundamental properties (such as temperature, radius, and mass) of the observed stars. We present revised stellar properties for 197096 Kepler targets observed between Quarters 1-17 (Q1-17), which were used for the final transiting planet search run by the Kepler Mission (Data Release 25, DR25). Similar to the Q1-16 catalog by Huber+ (2014, J/ApJS/211/2), the classifications are based on conditioning published atmospheric parameters on a grid of Dartmouth isochrones, with significant improvements in the adopted method and over 29000 new sources for temperatures, surface gravities, or metallicities. In addition to fundamental stellar properties, the new catalog also includes distances and extinctions, and we provide posterior samples for each stellar parameter of each star. Typical uncertainties are ~27% in radius, ~17% in mass, and ~51% in density, which is somewhat smaller than previous catalogs because of the larger number of improved logg constraints and the inclusion of isochrone weighting when deriving stellar posterior distributions. On average, the catalog includes a significantly larger number of evolved solar-type stars, with an increase of 43.5% in the number of subgiants. We discuss the overall changes of radii and masses of Kepler targets as a function of spectral type, with a particular focus on exoplanet host stars.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/211/2
- Title:
- Revised stellar properties of Q1-16 Kepler targets
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/211/2
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present revised properties for 196468 stars observed by the NASA Kepler mission and used in the analysis of Quarter 1-16 (Q1-16; May 2009 to Dec 2012) data to detect and characterize transiting planets. The catalog is based on a compilation of literature values for atmospheric properties (temperature, surface gravity, and metallicity) derived from different observational techniques (photometry, spectroscopy, asteroseismology, and exoplanet transits), which were then homogeneously fitted to a grid of Dartmouth stellar isochrones. We use broadband photometry and asteroseismology to characterize 11532 Kepler targets which were previously unclassified in the Kepler Input Catalog (KIC). We report the detection of oscillations in 2762 of these targets, classifying them as giant stars and increasing the number of known oscillating giant stars observed by Kepler by ~20% to a total of ~15500 stars. Typical uncertainties in derived radii and masses are ~40% and ~20%, respectively, for stars with photometric constraints only, and 5%-15% and ~10% for stars based on spectroscopy and/or asteroseismology, although these uncertainties vary strongly with spectral type and luminosity class. A comparison with the Q1-Q12 catalog shows a systematic decrease in radii of M dwarfs, while radii for K dwarfs decrease or increase depending on the Q1-Q12 provenance (KIC or Yonsei-Yale isochrones). Radii of F-G dwarfs are on average unchanged, with the exception of newly identified giants. The Q1-Q16 star properties catalog is a first step toward an improved characterization of all Kepler targets to support planet-occurrence studies.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/575/A18
- Title:
- Revising the ages of planet-hosting stars
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/575/A18
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- This article aims to measure the age of stars with planets (SWP) through stellar tracks and isochrones computed with the Padova & Trieste Stellar Evolutionary Code (PARSEC). We developed algorithms based on two different techniques for determining the ages of field stars: isochrone placement and Bayesian estimation. Their application to a synthetic sample of coeval stars shows the intrinsic limits of each method. For instance, the Bayesian computation of the modal age tends to select the extreme age values in the isochrones grid. Therefore, we used the isochrone placement technique to measure the ages of 317 SWP. We found that ~6% of SWP have ages lower than 0.5Gyr. The age distribution peaks in the interval [1.5, 2]Gyr, then it decreases. However, ~7% of the stars are older than 11Gyr. The Sun turns out to be a common star that hosts planets, when considering its evolutionary stage. Our SWP age distribution is less peaked and slightly shifted towards lower ages if compared with ages in the literature and based on the isochrone fit. In particular, there are no ages below 0.5Gyr in the literature.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/587/A158
- Title:
- Rich galaxy clusters richness-based masses
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/587/A158
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a catalog of galaxy cluster masses derived by exploiting the tight correlation between mass and richness, i.e., a properly computed number of bright cluster galaxies. The richness definition adopted in this work is properly calibrated, shows a small scatter with mass, and has a known evolution, which means that we can estimate accurate (0.16dex) masses more precisely than by adopting any other richness estimates or X-ray or SZ-based proxies based on survey data. We measured a few hundred galaxy clusters at 0.05<z<0.22 in the low-extinction part of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey footprint that are in the 2015 catalog of Planck-detected clusters, that have a known X-ray emission, that are in the Abell catalog, or that are among the most most cited in the literature. The derived cluster mass values are included in the distributed value-added cluster catalog of the 275 clusters with a derived mass larger than 10^14^M_{sun}_. A web front-end is available at the URL http://www.brera.mi.astro.it/~andreon/famous.html
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/429/1007
- Title:
- RIJHK photometry of VLM objects near eps Ori
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/429/1007
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Coordinates and photometry of very low mass objects near epsilon Ori are presented. The RIJHK photometry of these objects is consistent with membership of the young Ori OB Ib association. Time series observations of this region were carried out using the ESO/MPG WFI at the 2.2-m telescope on La Silla, from 18 to 22 December 2001. In the framework of this monitoring campaign, we obtained deep Cousins R- and I-band images, from which we derived coordinates (columns 2 and 3) as well as photometry in the R- and I-band (columns 4 and 5). Additional near-infrared photometry in J, H, K comes from the 2MASS database (columns 6--8). The cluster member selection is based on a (I,R-I) colour magnitude diagram. The (J-H) colours were used to reject contaminating field stars. The masses given in column 9 were estimated by comparing the near-infrared photometry with the evolutionary tracks of Baraffe et al. (1998A&A...337..403B), assuming an age of 5Myr.
