- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/actmadcows
- Title:
- ACT Massive and Distant Clusters of WISE Survey (MaDCoWS) Candidates Catalog
- Short Name:
- ACTMADCOWS
- Date:
- 07 Mar 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- Galaxy clusters are an important tool for cosmology, and their detection and characterization are key goals for current and future surveys. Using data from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE), the Massive and Distant Clusters of WISE Survey (MaDCoWS) located 2839 significant galaxy overdensities at redshifts 0.7 <= z <= 1.5, which included extensive follow-up imaging from the Spitzer Space Telescope to determine cluster richnesses. Concurrently, the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) has produced large area millimeter-wave maps in three frequency bands along with a large catalog of Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ)-selected clusters as part of its Data Release 5 (DR5). The authors aimed to verify and characterize MaDCoWS clusters using measurements of, or limits on, their thermal SZ effect signatures. They also used these detections to establish the scaling relation between SZ mass and the MaDCoWS-defined richness. Using the maps and cluster catalog from DR5, the authors explore the scaling between SZ mass and cluster richness. They do this by comparing cataloged detections and extracting individual and stacked SZ signals from the MaDCoWS cluster locations. The authors use complementary radio survey data from the Very Large Array, submillimeter data from Herschel, and ACT 224GHz data to assess the impact of contaminating sources on the SZ signals from both ACT and MaDCoWS clusters. They use a hierarchical Bayesian model to fit the mass-richness scaling relation, allowing for clusters to be drawn from two populations: one, a Gaussian centered on the mass-richness relation, and the other, a Gaussian centered on zero SZ signal. This study found that MaDCoWS clusters have submillimeter contamination that is consistent with a gray-body spectrum, while the ACT clusters are consistent with no submillimeter emission on average. Additionally, the intrinsic radio intensities of ACT clusters are lower than those of MaDCoWS clusters, even when the ACT clusters are restricted to the same redshift range as the MaDCoWS clusters. The authors found the best-fit ACT SZ mass versus MaDCoWS richness scaling relation has a slope of p1=1.84<sub>-0.14</sub><sup>+0.15</sup>, where the slope is defined as M ~lambda<sub>15</sub><sup>p1</sup> and lambda<sub>15</sub> is the richness. They also found that the ACT SZ signals for a significant fraction (~57%) of the MaDCoWS sample can statistically be described as being drawn from a noise-like distribution, indicating that the candidates are possibly dominated by low-mass and unvirialized systems that are below the mass limit of the ACT sample. Further, the authors noted that a large portion of the optically confirmed ACT clusters located in the same volume of the sky as MaDCoWS were not selected by MaDCoWS, indicating that the MaDCoWS sample is not complete with respect to SZ selection. Finally, the authors found that the radio loud fraction of MaDCoWS clusters increases with richness, while they found no evidence that the submillimeter emission of the MaDCoWS clusters evolved with richness. The authors concluded that the original MaDCoWS selection function is not well defined and, as such, reiterated the MaDCoWS collaboration's recommendation that the sample is suited for probing cluster and galaxy evolution, but not cosmological analyses. They found a best-fit mass-richness relation slope that agrees with the published MaDCoWS preliminary results. Additionally, they concluded that, while the approximate level of infill of the ACT and MaDCoWS cluster SZ signals (1-2%) is subdominant to other sources of uncertainty for current generation experiments, characterizing and removing this bias will be critical for next-generation experiments hoping to constrain cluster masses at the sub-percent level. This table was created by the HEASARC in April 2022 based upon the link provided by the LAMBDA archive: <a href="https://lambda.gsfc.nasa.gov/product/act/actpol_madcows_cl_catalog_get.html">https://lambda.gsfc.nasa.gov/product/act/actpol_madcows_cl_catalog_get.html</a>. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
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- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/actsouth
- Title:
- Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) Extragalactic Southern Sources Catalog
- Short Name:
- ACTSOUTH
- Date:
- 07 Mar 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- The ACTSOUTH catalog is a multi-frequency, multi-epoch catalog of extragalactic sources, based on 150, 220 and 280 GHz observations carried out in 2008, 2009 and 2010 using the Millimeter Bolometric Array Camera on the Atacama Cosmology Telescope. The catalog contains 695 sources, found in a sky area of ~600 square degrees. It is obtained by cross-matching sources found in 11 sub-catalogs, one for each season and frequency band. Also include are co-added data from ~150 and ~160 square degrees using 2 and 3 years of overlapping observations. The authors divide the sources into two populations, synchrotron and dusty emitters, based on their spectral behavior in the 150 - 220 GHz frequency range. They find 374 synchrotron sources and 321 dusty source candidates. Cross-matching with catalogs from radio to X-ray results in 264 synchrotron sources (71%) and 89 dusty sources (28%) with counterparts, suggesting that 232 dusty candidates are not in existing catalogs. This table was ingested by the HEASARC in November 2023 based upon the files downloaded from the LAMBDA archive at <a href="https://lambda.gsfc.nasa.gov/product/act/act_south_cat_get.html">https://lambda.gsfc.nasa.gov/product/act/act_south_cat_get.html</a>. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/actszclust
- Title:
- Atacama Cosmology Telescope DR5 Sunyaev-Zeldovich Cluster Catalog
- Short Name:
- ACTSZCLUST
- Date:
- 07 Mar 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- The catalog of 4195 optically confirmed Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) selected galaxy clusters were detected with signal-to-noise > 4 in 13,211 deg<sup>2</sup> of sky surveyed by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT). Cluster candidates were selected by applying a multi-frequency matched filter to 98- and 150-GHz maps constructed from ACT observations obtained from 2008-2018 and confirmed using deep, wide-area optical surveys. The clusters span the redshift range 0.04 < z < 1.91 (median z = 0.52). The catalog contains 222 z > 1 clusters, and a total of 868 systems are new discoveries. Assuming an SZ-signal vs. mass scaling relation calibrated from X-ray observations, the sample has a 90% completeness mass limit of M<sub>500c</sub> > 3.8 x 10<sup>14</sup>M<sub>sol</sub>, evaluated at z=0.5, for clusters detected at signal-to-noise ratio > 5 in maps filtered at an angular scale of 2.40. The survey has a large overlap with deep optical weak-lensing surveys that are being used to calibrate the SZ-signal mass-scaling relation, such as the Dark Energy Survey (4566 deg<sup>2</sup>), the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (469 deg<sup>2</sup>), and the Kilo Degree Survey (825 deg<sup>2</sup>). This HEASARC database table was ingested in February 2021. It contains the ACT DR5 SZ cluster catalog obtained from the LAMDBA website (<a href="https://lambda.gsfc.nasa.gov/product/act/actpol_dr5_szcluster_catalog_info.cfm#catalog">https://lambda.gsfc.nasa.gov/product/act/actpol_dr5_szcluster_catalog_info.cfm#catalog</a>). This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/actssrcat
- Title:
- Atacama Cosmology Telescope 2008 Southern Survey 148/218 GHz Source Catalog
- Short Name:
- ACTSSRCAT
- Date:
- 07 Mar 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- This table contains a catalog of 191 extragalactic sources detected by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) at 148 and/or 218 GHz in the 2008 Southern survey. Flux densities span 14 -1700 mJy, and the authors use source spectral indices derived using ACT-only data to divide their sources into two subpopulations: 167 radio galaxies powered by central active galactic nuclei (AGN) and 24 dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFGs). They cross-identify 97% of their sources (166 of the AGN and 19 of the DSFGs) with those in currently available catalogs. When combined with flux densities from the Australia Telescope 20-GHz survey and follow-up observations with the Australia Telescope Compact Array, the synchrotron-dominated population is seen to exhibit a steepening of the slope of the spectral energy distribution from 20 to 148 GHz, with the trend continuing to 218 GHz. The ACT dust-dominated source population has a median spectral index, alpha<sub>148-218GHz</sub>, of 3.7<sup>+0.62</sup><sub>-0.86</sub>, and includes both local galaxies and sources with redshift around 6. Dusty sources with no counterpart in existing catalogs likely belong to a recently discovered subpopulation of DSFGs lensed by foreground galaxies or galaxy groups. The ACT experiment (Swetz et al., 2011, ApJS, 194, 41) is situated on the slopes of Cerro Toco in the Atacama Desert of Chile at an elevation of 5190m. ACT's latitude gives access to both the northern and southern celestial hemispheres. Observations occurred simultaneously in three frequency bands, at 148 GHz (2.0 mm), 218 GHz (1.4 mm) and 277 GHz (1.1 mm) with angular resolutions of roughly 1.4, 1.0 and 0.9 arcminutes, respectively. The ACT-detected source list contains 169 sources selected at 148 GHz with S/N > 5, spanning two decades in flux density, from 14 to 1700 mJy. The 218 GHz map independently yielded 133 sources with S/N > 5. The combination of these two independent source lists from which the present table was constructed gives a total count of 191 sources, with 110 galaxies detected with S/N > 5 at both frequencies. This table was created by the HEASARC in May 2015 based on <a href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/cats/J/MNRAS/439/1556/">CDS Catalog J/MNRAS/439/1556/</a> file table4.dat. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/actegsrcat
- Title:
- Atacama Cosmology Telescope 2008 Survey 148-GHz Extragalactic Source Catalog
- Short Name:
- ACTEGSRCAT
- Date:
- 07 Mar 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- This table contains a list of extragalactic radio sources detected in a 455 square-degree map of the southern sky made at a frequency of 148 GHz from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) 2008 observing season. This catalog has 157 sources with flux densities spanning two orders of magnitude from 15 to 1500 mJy. Comparison to other catalogs shows that 98% of the ACT detections correspond to sources detected at lower radio frequencies. Three of the sources appear to be associated with the brightest cluster galaxies of low redshift X-ray selected galaxy clusters. Estimates of the radio to mm-wave spectral indices and differential counts of the sources further bolster the hypothesis that they are nearly all radio sources, and that their emission is not dominated by re-emission from warm dust. In a bright (>50 mJy) 148 GHz-selected sample with complete cross-identifications from the Australia Telescope 20-GHz survey, the authors of the study observe an average steepening of the spectra between 5, 20, and 148 GHz with median spectral indices of alpha<sub>5-20</sub> = -0.07 +/- 0.06, alpha<sub>20-148</sub> = -0.39 +/- 0.04, and alpha<sub>5-148</sub> = -0.20 +/- 0.03. When the measured spectral indices are taken into account, the 148-GHz differential source counts are consistent with previous measurements at 30 GHz in the context of a source count model dominated by flat spectrum radio sources. Extrapolating with an appropriately rescaled model for the radio source counts, the Poisson contribution to the spatial power spectrum from synchrotron-dominated sources with flux density less than 20 mJy is C<sub>Sync</sub> = (2.8 +/- 0.3) x 10<sup>-6</sup> microKelvin<sup>2</sup>. This table was created by the HEASARC in January 2011 based on an electronic version of Table A1 from the paper (the Point Source Catalog) which was obtained from the LAMBDA website at <a href="http://lambda.gsfc.nasa.gov/product/suborbit/act_prod_table.cfm">http://lambda.gsfc.nasa.gov/product/suborbit/act_prod_table.cfm</a> This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/hesscat
- Title:
- HESS (High Energy Stereoscopic System) Source Catalog
- Short Name:
- HESSCAT
- Date:
- 07 Mar 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- H.E.S.S. is a system of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes for the investigation of cosmic gamma rays in the 100 GeV energy range. The name H.E.S.S. stands for High Energy Stereoscopic System, and should also remind us of Victor Hess, who received in 1936 the Nobel Prize in Physics for his discovery of cosmic radiation. The instrument allows us to explore gamma-ray sources with intensities at a level of a few thousandth parts of the flux of the Crab nebula. H.E.S.S. is located in Namibia, near the Gamsberg, an area well known for its excellent optical quality. The first of the four telescopes of Phase I of the H.E.S.S. project went into operation in Summer 2002; all four were operational in December 2003, and were officially inaugurated on September 28, 2004. In recognition of its scientific results, H.E.S.S. was awarded the 2006 Descartes Prize for Research of the European Commission. This database table, first created in April 2008, contains the H.E.S.S. source list created by Dr. W. Hofmann and is based on the HTML table at <a href="http://www.mpi-hd.mpg.de/hfm/HESS/public/HESS_catalog.htm">http://www.mpi-hd.mpg.de/hfm/HESS/public/HESS_catalog.htm</a>. The latter table is updated regularly and this HEASARC table will be updated within one week of any updates. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/scubafemoc
- Title:
- SCUBA Legacy Fundamental and Extended Map Object Catalogs
- Short Name:
- SCUBAFEMOC
- Date:
- 07 Mar 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- This table contains the SCUBA Legacy Catalogs, two comprehensive sets of source catalogs using data at 850 and 450um of the various astronomical objects obtained with the Submillimetre Common User Bolometer Array (SCUBA) on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT). The Fundamental Map Data Set contains data only where superior atmospheric opacity calibration data were available. The Extended Map Data Set contains data regardless of the quality of the opacity calibration. Each data set contains 1.2 degrees x 1.2 degrees maps at locations where data existed in the JCMT archive, imaged using the matrix inversion method. The Fundamental Data Set is composed of 1423 maps at 850um and 1357 maps at 450um. The Extended Data Set is composed of 1547 maps at 850um. Neither data set includes high sensitivity, single-chop SCUBA maps of "cosmological fields" nor solar system objects. Each data set was used to determine a respective object catalog, consisting of objects identified within the respective 850um maps using an automated identification algorithm. The Fundamental and Extended Map Object Catalogs contain 5061 and 6118 objects, respectively. Objects are named based on their respective J2000.0 position of peak 850um intensity. The catalogs provide for each object the respective maximum 850um intensity, estimates of total 850um flux and size, and tentative identifications from the SIMBAD Database. Where possible, the catalogs also provide for each object its maximum 450um intensity and total 450um flux and flux ratios. Since the goal of this project was to make maps and then catalog objects therein, all raw jiggle and scan data from SCUBA available in the JCMT archive were downloaded from the CADC in 2006 May. (Photometry and polarimetry data were ignored.) A full description of the instrumental characteristics of SCUBA was made by Holland et al. (1999MNRAS.303..659H). All maps are available at <a href="http://www3.cadc-ccda.hia-iha.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/community/scubalegacy/">http://www3.cadc-ccda.hia-iha.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/community/scubalegacy/</a> This table was created by the HEASARC in December 2010 based on <a href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/cats/J/ApJS/175/277">CDS catalog J/ApJS/175/277</a> files table2.dat and table3.dat. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/sptszgalcl
- Title:
- South Pole Telescope-Sunyarv-Zeldovich (SPT-SZ) Survey Catalog
- Short Name:
- SPTSZGALCL
- Date:
- 07 Mar 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- This table contains a catalog of galaxy clusters selected via their Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect signature from 2500 deg<sup>2</sup> of South Pole Telescope (SPT) data. This work represents the complete sample of clusters detected at high significance in the 2500 deg<sup>2</sup> SPT-SZ survey, which was completed in 2011. A total of 677 (409) cluster candidates are identified above a signal-to-noise threshold xi of 4.5 (5.0). Ground- and space-based optical and near-infrared (NIR) imaging confirms overdensities of similarly colored galaxies in the direction of 516 (or 76%) of the xi > 4.5 candidates and 387 (or 95%) of the xi > 5 candidates; the measured purity is consistent with expectations from simulations. Of these confirmed clusters, 415 were first identified in SPT data, including 251 new discoveries reported in this work. The authors estimate photometric redshifts for all candidates with identified optical and/or NIR counterparts; they additionally report redshifts derived from spectroscopic observations for 141 of these systems. The mass threshold of the catalog is roughly independent of redshift above z ~ 0.25 leading to a sample of massive clusters that extends to high redshift. The median mass of the sample is M<sub>500c</sub>(rho<sub>crit</sub>) ~ 3.5x10<sup>14</sup> M<sub>sun</sub> h<sub>70</sub><sup>-1</sup>, the median redshift is z<sub>med</sub> = 0.55, and the highest-redshift systems are at z > 1.4. The combination of large redshift extent, clean selection, and high typical mass makes this cluster sample of particular interest for cosmological analyses and studies of cluster formation and evolution. The South Pole Telescope (SPT) is a 10m diameter telescope located at the National Science Foundation Amundsen-Scott South Pole station in Antarctica. From 2008 to 2011 the telescope was used to conduct the SPT-SZ survey, a survey of ~ 2500 deg<sup>2</sup> of the southern sky at 95, 150, and 220 GHz. The survey covers a contiguous region from 20h to 7h in Right Ascension and -65 to -40 degrees in Declination (see, e.g., Figure 1 in Story et al. 2013, ApJ, 779, 86) and was mapped to depths of approximately 40, 18, and 70 microK-arcmin at 95, 150, and 220 GHz, respectively. The authors use optical and in some cases NIR imaging (Blanco Telescope, Magellan/Baade, Magellan/Clay, Swope, MPG/ESO, New Technology Telescope, Spitzer, WISE) to confirm candidates as clusters and to obtain redshifts for confirmed systems (see section 4 of the reference paper for more details). They have also used a variety of facilities to obtain spectroscopic observations of the SPT clusters (including VLT/FORS2 & Gemini/GMOS-S). This HEASARC table contains the total of 677 cluster candidates which were identified above a signal-to-noise threshold of xi = 4.5 in the 2500 deg<sup>2</sup> SPT-SZ survey. This table was created by the HEASARC in March 2015 based on an electronic version of Table 4 from the reference paper which was obtained from the CDS as their catalog J/ApJS/216/27 file table4.dat. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
