- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/pacofscat
- Title:
- Planck-ATCA Co-eval Observations (PACO) Project Faint Sample Catalog
- Short Name:
- PACOFSCAT
- Date:
- 07 Mar 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- The Planck-ATCA Co-eval Observations (PACO) project collected data between 4.5 and 40 GHz for 482 sources selected within the Australia Telescope 20-GHz (AT20G) catalog and observed with the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA). Observations were done almost simultaneously with the Planck satellite, in the period between 2009 July and 2010 August. In this paper, the authors present and discuss the data for the complete sample of 159 sources with AT20G flux densities > 200 mJy in the South Ecliptic Pole (SEP) region. The Planck Early Release Compact Source Catalogue (ERCSC) contains 57 of their sources. A comparison between the PACO catalog and the ERCSC confirms that the reliability of the latter is better than 95%. The missing ERCSC sources are typically associated with the Large Magellanic Cloud, the Milky Way or are otherwise extended. The spectral analysis of the PACO faint catalog shows a spectral steepening of the sources at high frequencies, confirming the results obtained from the PACO bright sample (the HEASARC PACOBSCAT table). A comparison with AT20G measurements, carried out, on average, a few years earlier, has demonstrated that, on these time-scales, these sources show a rather high variability with an rms amplitude of approximately 40% at 20 GHz. The source spectral properties are found not to vary substantially with flux density, except for an increase in the fraction of steep spectrum sources at fainter flux densities. These data also allow the authors to extend by a factor of ~ 5 downwards in flux density the source counts at ~ 33 and ~ 40 GHz obtained from the ERCSC. This allows the authors to substantially improve their control on the contribution of unresolved extragalactic sources to the power spectrum of small-scale fluctuations in cosmic microwave background (CMB) maps. The PACO faint sample, presented in this paper, is made up of 159 sources with 20-GHz flux densities >= 200 mJy in the SEP region (ecliptic latitude < -75 degrees) and with 3h < RA < 9h, Dec. < -30 degrees. Near the Ecliptic Poles, Planck's scan circles intersect. Therefore, the area is covered many times, and Planck's sensitivity is maximal in these regions. A full description of the PACO project and of its main goals is given in Massardi et al. (2011, MNRAS, 415, 1597). The aims specific to the PACO faint sample are as follows: (i) Extend to fainter flux densities the characterization of radio source spectra from 4.5 GHz to the Planck frequency range; (ii) Extend the determination of source counts at ~ 33 and ~ 40 GHz obtained from the analysis of the ERCSC downwards in flux density by a factor of ~ 5. Going down in flux density is important to control the contamination of CMB maps by faint radio sources. This table contains the catalog of 674 observations of 152 of the 159 sources that comprise the 'faint PACO sample'. Thus, each row in this table corresponds to a specific observation of a source, and there can be several rows for any source, corresponding to different observations. The ATCA observations were made in 6 2-GHz wide observing bands: 4732 - 6780 MHz, 8232 - 10280 MHz, 17232 - 19280 MHz, 23232 - 25280 MHz, 32232 - 34280 MHz and 38232 - 40280 MHz. In order to properly define the detailed source spectral behavior, the authors have split each 2-GHz band into 4 x 512 MHz sub-bands, and calibrated each sub-band independently. Thus, for each observation, the flux density at 24 frequencies is given. The frequency identifier in the flux density appears (at least to this HEASARC scientist) to be the lower frequency of the sub-band rather than its central frequency. In order to provide the easiest way to extrapolate the observed counts or model predictions from one frequency to another, the authors have modeled the observed source spectra. As their observations covered a wide frequency range from 4.5 to 40 GHz over which a single power law is not enough to describe the spectral behavior of the sources, they studied the spectra of the 174 point-like sources in this sample by fitting the observed data with a double power law of the form S<sub>nu</sub> = S<sub>0</sub>/[(nu/nu<sub>0</sub>)<sup>-a</sup> + (nu/nu<sub>0</sub>)<sup>-b</sup>], where nu is the frequency, S<sub>nu</sub> is the flux density in Jy, and S<sub>0</sub>, nu<sub>0</sub>, a and b are free parameters. The authors considered only those sources for which they had at least four data points for each of the 2 x 2 GHz bands considered. When observations at more than one epoch were available, the authors chose the one with the greatest number of data points. Full details of the fitting procedure are given in Section 3.1 of Massardi et al. (2011, MNRAS, 415, 1597) and Section 4 of the reference paper. This table was created by the HEASARC in January 2014 based on the machine-readable version of the Paco faint catalog from the reference paper which was obtained from the CDS (their catalog J/MNRAS/416/559 file catalog.dat). This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
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- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/rssgrbag
- Title:
- Radio-Selected Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglow Catalog
- Short Name:
- RSSGRBAG
- Date:
- 07 Mar 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- This table contains a catalog of radio afterglow observations of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) over a 14 year period from 1997 to 2011. This sample of 304 afterglows consists of 2,995 flux density measurements (including upper limits) at frequencies between 0.6 GHz and 660 GHz, with the majority of data taken in the 8.5-GHz frequency band (1,539 measurements). The authors use this dataset to carry out a statistical analysis of the radio-selected sample. The detection rate of radio afterglows stayed unchanged almost at 31% before and after the launch of the Swift satellite. The canonical long-duration GRB radio light curve at 8.5 GHz peaks at three to six days in the source rest frame, with a median peak luminosity of 10<sup>31</sup> erg/s/Hz. The peak radio luminosities for short-hard bursts, X-ray flashes, and the supernova-GRB classes are an order of magnitude or more fainter than this value. There are clear relationships between the detectability of a radio afterglow and the fluence or energy of a GRB, and the X-ray or optical brightness of the afterglow. However, the authors find few significant correlations between these same GRB and afterglow properties and the peak radio flux density. In their paper, they also produce synthetic light curves at centimeter and millimeter bands using a range of blast wave and microphysics parameters derived from multi-wavelength afterglow modeling, and use them to compare with the radio sample. Finding agreement, the authors extrapolate this behavior to predict the centimeter and millimeter behavior of GRBs which will observed by the Expanded Very Large Array and the Atacama Large Millimeter Array. The compiled sample consists of 304 GRBs observed with radio telescopes between 1997 January and 2011 January, along with the 2011 April 28 Fermi burst, GRB 110428A. The sample consists of a total of 2,995 flux density measurements taken in the frequency range from 0.6 to 660 GHz and spanning a time range from 0.026 to 1,339 days. Most of the afterglows (270 in total) in this sample were observed as part of VLA radio afterglow programs, whereas 15 bursts were observed by the Expanded VLA (EVLA), and 19 southern bursts with the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA). This catalog describes the radio, optical and X-ray afterglow detections (see Section 2.2 of the reference paper): out of the 304 bursts, 123 bursts were observed in the pre-Swift epoch from 1997 until 2004. The remaining 181 bursts were observed between 2005 and 2011 April (the post-Swift epoch). Out of the 95 radio-detected afterglows (see Section 2.2 of the reference paper), 63 had radio lightcurves (i.e., three or more detections in a single radio band), whereas 32 bursts had less than three detections. For the GRBs for which the light curves were available, the authors determined the peak flux density and the time of the peak in the VLA frequency bands (i.e., 1.4 GHz, 4.9 GHz, 8.5 GHz, 15 GHz, and 22.5 GHz bands) by fitting the data with forward shock formula of the form (Frail 2005, IAU Coll. 192, p. 451) given in equation (1) of the reference paper. This formula may not accurately represent the full complexity of the radio lightcurve evolution. However, it is good enough to determine the approximate values for the peak flux density F<sub>m</sub> and the time of the peak t<sub>m</sub>. See the discussion in Section 3.5 of the reference paper for more details and some caveats. For the remaining bursts, the flux density values were taken directly from the data, and hence do not have the best-fit errors for the peak flux, peak time and rest-frame peak time parameters F<sub>m</sub>, t<sub>m</sub> and t<sub>m</sub>/(1+z), respectively. This table was created by the HEASARC in November 2013 based on <a href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/cats/J/ApJ/746/156">CDS catalog J/ApJ/746/156</a> files table1.dat and table4.dat. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/ros13hrvla
- Title:
- ROSAT/XMM-Newton 13-hr Deep Field VLA 20-cm Source Catalog
- Short Name:
- ROS13HRVLA
- Date:
- 07 Mar 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- In order to determine the relationship between the faint X-ray and faint radio source populations, and hence to help understand the X-ray and radio emission mechanisms in those faint source populations, the authors have made a deep 1.4-GHz Very Large Array radio survey of the 13<sup>h</sup> 34<sup>m</sup> 37<sup>s</sup>, +37<sup>o</sup> 54' 44" (J2000) ROSAT/XMM-Newton X-ray Survey Area (McHardy et al. 1998, MNRAS, 295, 641; Loaring et al. 2005, MNRAS, 362, 1371: the catalog of XMM-Newton sources from the latter paper is available at the HEASARC as the ROS13HRXMM table). From a combined VLA data set of 10 hours of B-configuration data and 14 hours of A-configuration data, maps with 3.35-arcsec resolution and a noise limit of 7.5 microJansky (µJy) were constructed. A complete sample of 449 sources was detected within a 30-arcmin diameter region above a 4-sigma detection limit of 30 uJy, at the map center, making this one of the deepest radio surveys at this frequency. The differential source count shows a significant upturn at sub-milliJansky flux densities, similar to that seen in other deep surveys at 1.4 GHz (e.g. the Phoenix survey, Hopkins et al. 2003, AJ, 125, 465: available at the HEASARC as the PDS1P4GHZ table), but larger than that seen in the Hubble Deep Field (HDF) which may have been selected to be underdense. This upturn is well modeled by the emergence of a population of medium-redshift star-forming galaxies which dominate at faint flux densities. The brighter source counts are well modeled by active galactic nuclei. This HEASARC table contains the catalog of 449 radio sources in a region of 30-arcmin diameter centered on the ROSAT/XMM 13-hours field which were detected at 1.4 GHz (20 cm) above a detection threshold of 4 sigma, equivalent to 30 uJy at the phase center. This table was created by the HEASARC in July 2013 based on <a href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/cats/J/MNRAS/352/131">CDS Catalog J/MNRAS/352/131</a> file table a1.dat. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/sgraregcsc
- Title:
- Sgr A* Region Compact Radio Source Catalog
- Short Name:
- SGRAREGCSC
- Date:
- 07 Mar 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- Recent broad-band 34- and 44-GHz radio continuum observations of the Galactic center have revealed 41 massive stars identified with near-IR (NIR) counterparts, as well as 44 proplyd candidates within 30 arcseconds of Sgr A*. Radio observations obtained in 2011 and 2014 have been used to derive proper motions of eight young stars near Sgr A*. The accuracy of proper motion estimates based on NIR observations by Lu et al. (2009, ApJ, 690, 1463) and Paumard et al. (2006, ApJ, 643, 1011) have been investigated by using their proper motions to predict the 2014 epoch positions of NIR stars and comparing the predicted positions with those of radio counterparts in the 2014 radio observations. Predicted positions from Lu et al. show an rms scatter of 6 milliarcseconds (mas) relative to the radio positions, while those from Paumard et al. show rms residuals of 20 mas. In the reference paper, the authors also determine the mass-loss rates of 11 radio stars, finding rates that are on average ~2 times smaller than those determined from model atmosphere calculations and NIR data. Clumpiness of ionized winds would reduce the mass loss rate of WR and O stars by additional factors of 3 and 10, respectively. One important implication of this is a reduction in the expected mass accretion rate onto Sgr A* from stellar winds by nearly an order of magnitude to a value of a few x 10<sup>-7</sup> solar masses per year. The authors carried out A-array observations of the Galactic center region (VLA program 14A-232) in the Ka (9 mm, 34.5 GHz) band on 2014 March 9 in which they detected 318 compact radio sources within 30" of Sgr A*. The authors searched for NIR counterparts to these compact radio sources using high-angular resolution AOs-assisted imaging observations acquired with the VLT/NACO. A K<sub>s</sub>-band (central wavelength 2.18 micron) image was obtained in a rectangular dither pattern on 2012 September 12. L'-band (3.8 micron) observations were obtained during various observing runs between 2012 June and September. The authors found that 45 of the compact radio sources had stellar counterparts in the K<sub>s</sub> and L' bands. This table contains the details of the 318 compact radio sources detected at 34.5 GHz and their NIR counterparts. This table was created by the HEASARC in November 2016 based on CDS table J/ApJ/809/10, file table6.dat. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/smc1400mhz
- Title:
- Small Magellanic Cloud ATCA and Parkes 1400-MHz Source Catalog
- Short Name:
- SMC1400MHZ
- Date:
- 07 Mar 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- This table contains a new catalog of radio-continuum sources in the field of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). This catalog contains 1560 radio-continuum sources detected at 1400 MHz (lambda = 20 cm) from a set of new high-resolution radio-continuum mosaic images of the SMC created by combining observations from ATCA and Parkes (Wong et al. 2011, SerAJ, 182, 43). The 20 cm mosaic image (Fig. 2 in above reference)was created by combining data from ATCA project C1288 (Mao et al. 2008, ApJ, 688, 1029) with data obtained for a Parkes radio-continuum study of the SMC (Filipovic et al. 1997, A&AS, 121, 321). This image had a beam size of 17.8 x 12.2 arcseconds and an rms noise of 0.7 mJy/beam. The MIRIAD task 'imsad' was used to detect sources in the 20-cm image, requiring a fitted Gaussian flux density > 5 sigma (3.5 mJy). All sources were then visually examined to confirm that they were genuine point sources, excluding extended emission, bright side lobes, etc. This table was created by the HEASARC in September 2014 based on CDS Catalog J_other/Ser/183.103/ file tablea2.dat. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/smc8640mhz
- Title:
- Small Magellanic Cloud ATCA 8640-MHz Source Catalog
- Short Name:
- SMC8640MHZ
- Date:
- 07 Mar 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- This table contains a new catalog of radio-continuum sources in the field of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). This catalog contains sources found at 8640 MHz (lambda = 3 cm) by combining data from various Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) projects that covered the SMC. Some 457 sources have been detected at 3 cm in the new high-sensitivity and resolution radio-continuum image of the SMC from Crawford et al. (2011, SerAJ, 183, 95). The 3 cm map has a resolution of 20 arcseconds, and a sensitivity of 0.8 mJy/beam. The field size of the image used in this study covered from 00<sup>h</sup> 26<sup>m</sup> to 01<sup>h</sup> 27<sup>m</sup> in RA (J2000.0) and from -70<sup>o</sup> 35' to -75<sup>o</sup> 21' in Dec (J2000.0). The MIRIAD task 'imsad' was used to detect sources in the 3 cm image, requiring a fitted Gaussian flux density > 5 sigma (3.5 mJy). All sources were then visually examined to confirm that they are genuine point sources, excluding extended emission, bright side lobes, etc. This table was created by the HEASARC in September 2014 based on CDS Catalog J_other/Ser/184.93/ file tablea1.dat. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/smc4800mhz
- Title:
- Small Magellanic Cloud ATCA 4800-MHz Source Catalog
- Short Name:
- SMC4800MHZ
- Date:
- 07 Mar 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- This table contains a new catalog of radio-continuum sources in the field of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). This catalog contains sources found at 4800 MHz (lambda = 6 cm) by combining data from various Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) projects that covered the SMC. Some 601 sources have been detected at 6 cm in the new high-sensitivity and resolution radio-continuum image of the SMC from Crawford et al. (2011, SerAJ, 183, 95). The 6 cm map has a resolution of 30 arcseconds, and a sensitivity of 0.7 mJy/beam. The field size of the image used in this study covered from 00<sup>h</sup> 26<sup>m</sup> to 01<sup>h</sup> 28<sup>m</sup> in RA (J2000.0) and from -70<sup>o</sup> 29' to -75<sup>o</sup> 29' in Dec (J2000.0). The MIRIAD task 'imsad' was used to detect sources in the 6 cm image, requiring a fitted Gaussian flux density > 5 sigma (3.5 mJy). All sources were then visually examined to confirm that they are genuine point sources, excluding extended emission, bright side lobes, etc. This table was created by the HEASARC in September 2014 based on CDS Catalog J_other/Ser/184.93/ file tablea2.dat. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/smcradio
- Title:
- Small Magellanic Cloud ATCA Radio Continuum Sources
- Short Name:
- SMCRadio
- Date:
- 07 Mar 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- This table contains the classification of 717 radio-continuum sources from the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) Catalog of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). All 717 sources have been categorised into one of three groups: supernova remnants (SNRs), HII regions and background sources. In total, 71 sources are named as HII regions (or candidates) and 21 sources are named as SNRs (or candidates). Six sources are named as either HII regions or background sources and two are candidate radio planetary nebulae. One source is coincident with an X-ray binary. 616 objects are classified as background sources and their statistics are presented in the published paper II from which this table is taken. This table was created by the HEASARC in March 2005 based on CDS table J/MNRAS/355/44/table2.dat . This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/smc843mhz
- Title:
- Small Magellanic Cloud MOST 843-MHz Source Catalog
- Short Name:
- SMC843MHZ
- Date:
- 07 Mar 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- This table contains a new catalog of radio-continuum sources in the field of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). This catalog contains 1689 radio-continuum sources detected at 843 MHz (lambda = 36 cm) from a radio survey of 36 square degrees containing the SMC (Turtle et al. 1998, PASA, 15, 280) conducted using the Molonglo Observatory Synthesis Telescope (MOST). These observations had a beam size of ~ 45 arcseconds and an rms noise of 0.7 mJy/beam. The MIRIAD task 'imsad' was used to detect sources in the 36-cm images, requiring a fitted Gaussian flux density > 5 sigma (3.5 mJy). All sources were then visually examined to confirm that they were genuine point sources, excluding extended emission, bright side lobes, etc. This table was created by the HEASARC in September 2014 based on CDS Catalog J_other/Ser/183.103/ file tablea3.dat. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
- ID:
- ivo://nasa.heasarc/sptmm87sd
- Title:
- South Pole Telescope 87-Square Degree Survey Millimeter Source Catalog
- Short Name:
- SPTMM87SD
- Date:
- 07 Mar 2025
- Publisher:
- NASA/GSFC HEASARC
- Description:
- This table contains the results of an 87 deg<sup>2</sup> point-source survey centered at RA = 5<sup>h</sup>30<sup>m</sup>, Dec = -55<sup>o</sup> (J2000.0) taken with the South Pole Telescope at 1.4 and 2.0 mm wavelengths with arcminute resolution and milli-Jansky (mJy) depth. Based on the ratio of flux in the two bands, the authors separate the detected sources into two populations, one consistent with synchrotron emission from active galactic nuclei (AGN) and the other consistent with thermal emission from dust. In the reference paper, the authors present source counts for each population from 11 to 640 mJy at 1.4 mm and from 4.4 to 800 mJy at 2.0 mm. The 2.0-mm counts are dominated by synchrotron-dominated sources across the reported flux range; the 1.4-mm counts are dominated by synchrotron-dominated sources above ~15 mJy and by dust-dominated sources below that flux level. The authors detect 141 synchrotron-dominated sources and 47 dust-dominated sources at signal-to-noise ratio S/N > 4.5 in at least one band. All of the most significantly detected members of the synchrotron-dominated population are associated with sources in previously published radio catalogs. Some of the dust-dominated sources are associated with nearby (z << 1) galaxies whose dust emission is also detected by the Infrared Astronomy Satellite (IRAS). However, most of the bright, dust-dominated sources have no counterparts in any existing catalogs. The authors argue that these sources represent the rarest and brightest members of the population commonly referred to as sub-millimeter galaxies (SMGs). During the 2008 observing season, the 960-element South Pole Telescope (SPT) camera included detectors sensitive to radiation within bands centered at approximately 1.4 mm, 2.0 mm, and 3.2 mm (220 GHz, 150 GHz, and 95 GHz). Result in this reference paper are based on 607 hr of observing time, using only the 1.4-mm and 2.0-mm data from the 87 deg<sup>2</sup> portion of the field that was mapped with near-uniform coverage. Main-lobe beams were measured using the brightest sources in the field and were adequately fit by two-dimensional Gaussians with FWHM equal to 1.05 and 1.15 arcminutes at 1.4 mm and 2.0 mm, respectively. The typical rms of the filtered 2.0-mm and 1.4-mm maps used for source candidate identification (shown in Figures 1 and 2, respectively, of the reference paper) is 1.3 mJy at 2.0 mm and 3.4 mJy at 1.4 mm. Detections in both bands are listed in the final catalog as a single source if they are offset <30 arcseconds between the two bands. For sources detected in both bands, the authors adopt the position of the more significant detection. The argue that they are far enough above the confusion limit that this simple and intuitive method is adequate. For sources detected in only one band, the authors use the flux in the cleaned map for the second band at the position of the detection. This table lists all 3,496 sources above 3 sigma in either map. This table was created by the HEASARC in October 2017 based on an electronic version of Table 5 from the reference paper which was obtained from the CDS as their catalog J/ApJ/719/763 file table5.dat. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
