- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/597/A122
- Title:
- Cluster and field elliptical galaxies at z~1.3
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/597/A122
- Date:
- 04 Feb 2022 00:04:27
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The aim of this work is twofold: first, to assess whether the population of elliptical galaxies in cluster at z~1.3 differs from the population in the field and whether their intrinsic structure depends on the environment where they belong; second, to constrain their properties 9Gyr back in time through the study of their scaling relations. We compared a sample of 56 cluster elliptical galaxies selected from three clusters at 1.2<z<1.4 with elliptical galaxies selected at comparable redshift in the GOODS-South field (~30), in the COSMOS area (~180), and in the CANDELS fields (~220). To single out the environmental effects, we selected cluster and field elliptical galaxies according to their morphology. We compared physical and structural parameters of galaxies in the two environments and we derived the relationships between effective radius, surface brightness, stellar mass, and stellar mass density {Sigma}_R_e__ within the effective radius and central mass density {Sigma}_1kpc_, within 1kpc radius. We find that the structure and the properties of cluster elliptical galaxies do not differ from those in the field: they are characterized by the same structural parameters at fixed mass and they follow the same scaling relations. On the other hand, the population of field elliptical galaxies at z~1.3 shows a significant lack of massive (M_*_>2x10^11^M_{sun}_) and large (R_e_>4-5kpc) elliptical galaxies with respect to the cluster. Nonetheless, at M_*_<2x10^11^M_{sun}_, the two populations are similar. The size-mass relation of cluster and field ellipticals at z~1.3 clearly defines two different regimes, above and below a transition mass m_t_~=2-3x10^10^M_{sun}_ at lower masses the relation is nearly flat (R_e_{prop}M*^-0.1+/-0.2^), the mean radius is nearly constant at ~1kpc and, consequently, {Sigma}_Re_~={Sigma}_1kpc_ while, at larger masses, the relation is R_e_{prop}M*^0.64+/-0.09^. The transition mass marks the mass at which galaxies reach the maximum stellar mass density. Also the {Sigma}_1kpc_-mass relation follows two different regimes, above and below the transition mass ({Sigma}_1kpc_{prop}M*_1.07<mt_^0.64>mt^) defining a transition mass density {Sigma}_1kpc_~=2-3x10^3^M_{sun}_/pc^2^. The effective stellar mass density {Sigma}_Re_ does not correlate with mass; dense/compact galaxies can be assembled over a wide mass regime, independently of the environment. The central stellar mass density, {Sigma}_1kpc_, besides being correlated with the mass, is correlated to the age of the stellar population: the higher the central stellar mass density, the higher the mass, the older the age of the stellar population. While we found some evidence of environmental effects on the elliptical galaxies as a population, we did not find differences between the intrinsic properties of cluster and field elliptical galaxies at comparable redshift. The structure and the shaping of elliptical galaxies at z~1.3 do not depend on the environment. However, a dense environment seems to be more efficient in assembling high-mass large ellipticals, much rarer in the field at this redshift. The correlation found between the central stellar mass density and the age of the galaxies beside the mass shows the close connection of the central regions to the main phases of mass growth.
Number of results to display per page
Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/102/289
- Title:
- CNOC cluster redshift survey catalogs. II.
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/102/289
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- A photometric and redshift catalog of galaxies in the field of the rich galaxy cluster Abell 2390 (z=0.228) is presented as part of the Canadian Network for Observation Cosmology (CNOC) cluster redshift survey carried out at the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT) using the MOS imaging multiobject spectrograph. Using five separate fields, the imaging and spectroscopic observations cover a strip of approximately 7.3'x43.2', centered on the cluster. Redshifts for 327 galaxies, primarily ranging in magnitude from r=17 to 22, were obtained. The data set is also presented graphically in several forms. The magnitude, geometric, and color selection functions for the redshift sample are discussed and presented.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/113/1
- Title:
- CNOC cluster redshift survey catalogs. III.
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/113/1
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- A photometric and redshift catalog of galaxies in the field of two rich galaxy clusters, MS 1621.5+2640 (z=0.4275) and MS 0302.7+1658 (z=0.4245), is presented as part of the Canadian Network for Observation Cosmology (CNOC) Cluster Redshift Survey carried out at the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT) using the MOS imaging multiobject spectrograph. The imaging and spectroscopic observations cover strips cantered on each cluster of approximately 23.3'x9.0', and 7.9'x9.0', for MS 1621.5+2640 and MS 0302.7+1658, respectively. Redshifts for 371 galaxies, primarily ranging in magnitude from r=20 to 22, were obtained. The data set is also presented graphically in several forms. The magnitude, color, and geometric selection functions for the redshift sample are presented and discussed.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/116/211
- Title:
- CNOC cluster redshift survey catalogs. IV.
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/116/211
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Photometric and redshift catalogs of galaxies in the field of two rich galaxy clusters, MS 1358.4+6245 (z=0.328) and MS 1008.1-1224 (z=0.306), are presented as part of the Canadian Network for Observation Cosmology (CNOC) cluster redshift survey carried out at the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT) using the MOS imaging multiobject spectrograph. The imaging and spectroscopic observations cover a mosaic of three MOS fields in the north-south direction of a total area of approximately 23.3'x9.0' for MS 1358.4+6245 and a single field of 7.9'x9.0' for MS 1008.1-1224. Redshifts for 361 galaxies, primarily ranging in magnitude from r=20 to r=22, and Gunn r and g photometry for 3015 galaxies to r=24mag were obtained. The data set is also presented graphically in several forms. The magnitude, color, and geometric selection functions for the redshift sample are presented and discussed.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/116/231
- Title:
- CNOC cluster redshift survey catalogs. V.
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/116/231
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Photometric and redshift catalogs of galaxies in the field of two rich galaxy clusters: MS 1224.7+2007 (z=0.327) and MS 1512.4+3647 (z=0.372) are presented as part of the Canadian Network for Observation Cosmology (CNOC) cluster redshift survey carried out at the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT) using the MOS imaging multiobject spectrograph. The imaging and spectroscopic observations span three contiguous MOS fields in the east-west direction for MS 1512.4+3647, covering a total area of approximately 8.0'x27.3'. A single field of 7.1'x9.0' was obtained for MS 1224.7+2007. Redshifts for 287 galaxies in the MS 1512.4+3647 fields and 75 galaxies in the MS 1224.7+2007 field (primarily ranging in magnitude from r=18-22) were obtained. The spectroscopic information in this paper is supplemented by photometric information for all galaxies in the fields down to Gunn r=21mag. The data set is also presented graphically in several forms. The magnitude, color, and geometric selection functions for the redshift sample are presented and discussed.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/116/247
- Title:
- CNOC cluster redshift survey catalogs. VI.
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/116/247
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- A photometric and redshift catalog of galaxies in the field of two rich galaxy clusters, MS 0015.9+1609 (z=0.5481) and MS 0451.5-0305 (z=0.5386), is presented as part of the Canadian Network for Observation Cosmology (CNOC) cluster redshift survey carried out at the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT) using the MOS imaging multiobject spectrograph. The imaging and spectroscopic observations cover a single field of approximately 7.6'x9.1', centered on each cluster. Redshifts for 247 galaxies, primarily ranging in magnitude from r=20 to r=22, were obtained. The data set is also presented graphically in several forms. The magnitude, color, and geometric selection functions for the redshift sample are presented and discussed.
157. CNSS pilot survey
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/818/105
- Title:
- CNSS pilot survey
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/818/105
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We have commenced a multiyear program, the Caltech-NRAO Stripe 82 Survey (CNSS), to search for radio transients with the Jansky VLA in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Stripe 82 region. The CNSS will deliver five epochs over the entire ~270deg^2^ of Stripe 82, an eventual deep combined map with an rms noise of ~40{mu}Jy and catalogs at a frequency of 3 GHz, and having a spatial resolution of 3". This first paper presents the results from an initial pilot survey of a 50deg^2^ region of Stripe 82, involving four epochs spanning logarithmic timescales between 1 week and 1.5yr, with the combined map having a median rms noise of 35{mu}Jy. This pilot survey enabled the development of the hardware and software for rapid data processing, as well as transient detection and follow-up, necessary for the full 270deg^2^ survey. Data editing, calibration, imaging, source extraction, cataloging, and transient identification were completed in a semi-automated fashion within 6 hr of completion of each epoch of observations, using dedicated computational hardware at the NRAO in Socorro and custom-developed data reduction and transient detection pipelines. Classification of variable and transient sources relied heavily on the wealth of multiwavelength legacy survey data in the Stripe 82 region, supplemented by repeated mapping of the region by the Palomar Transient Factory. A total of 3.9_-0.9_^+0.5^% of the few thousand detected point sources were found to vary by greater than 30%, consistent with similar studies at 1.4 and 5 GHz. Multiwavelength photometric data and light curves suggest that the variability is mostly due to shock-induced flaring in the jets of active galactic nuclei (AGNs). Although this was only a pilot survey, we detected two bona fide transients, associated with an RS CVn binary and a dKe star. Comparison with existing legacy survey data (FIRST, VLA-Stripe 82) revealed additional highly variable and transient sources on timescales between 5 and 20yr, largely associated with renewed AGN activity. The rates of such AGNs possibly imply episodes of enhanced accretion and jet activity occurring once every ~40,000yr in these galaxies. We compile the revised radio transient rates and make recommendations for future transient surveys and joint radio-optical experiments.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/446/2823
- Title:
- CO and CaT derived sigma in spiral galaxies
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/446/2823
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We examine the stellar velocity dispersions ({sigma}) of a sample of 48 galaxies, 35 of which are spirals, from the Palomar nearby galaxy survey. It is known that for ultra-luminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs) and merger remnants, the {sigma} derived from the near-infrared CO band heads is smaller than that measured from optical lines, while no discrepancy between these measurements is found for early-type galaxies. No such studies are available for spiral galaxies - the subject of this paper. We used cross-dispersed spectroscopic data obtained with the Gemini Near-Infrared Spectrograph, with spectral coverage from 0.85 to 2.5{mu}m, to obtain {sigma} measurements from the 2.29{mu}m CO band heads ({sigma}CO) and the 0.85{mu}m calcium triplet ({sigma}_CaT_). For the spiral galaxies in the sample, we found that {sigma}_CO_ is smaller than {sigma}_CaT_, with a mean fractional difference of 14.3 per cent. The best fit to the data is given by {sigma}_opt_=(46.0+/-18.1)+(0.85+/-0.12){sigma}_CO_. This '{sigma}-discrepancy' may be related to the presence of warm dust, as suggested by a slight correlation between the discrepancy and the infrared luminosity. This is consistent with studies that have found no {sigma}-discrepancy in dust-poor early-type galaxies, and a much larger discrepancy in dusty merger remnants and ULIRGs. That {sigma}_CO_ is lower than {sigma}opt may also indicate the presence of a dynamically cold stellar population component. This would agree with the spatial correspondence between low-{sigma}_CO_ and young/intermediate-age stellar populations that has been observed in spatially resolved spectroscopy of a handful of galaxies.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/641/A155
- Title:
- CO+[CI] emission in distant galaxies
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/641/A155
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the detection of multiple carbon monoxide CO line transitions with ALMA in a few tens of infrared-selected galaxies on and above the main sequence at z=1.1-1.7. We reliably detected the emission of CO(5-4), CO(2-1), and CO(7-6)+[CI](2-1) in 50, 33, and 13 galaxies, respectively, and we complemented this information with available CO(4-3) and [CI](1-0) fluxes for part of the sample, and by modeling of the optical-to-millimeter spectral energy distribution. We retrieve a quasi-linear relation between LIR and CO(5-4) or CO(7-6) for main-sequence galaxies and starbursts, corroborating the hypothesis that these transitions can be used as star formation rate (SFR) tracers. We find the CO excitation to steadily increase as a function of the star formation efficiency (SFE), the mean intensity of the radiation field warming the dust (<U>), the surface density of SFR (SigmaSFR), and, less distinctly, with the distance from the main sequence. This adds to the tentative evidence for higher excitation of the CO+[CI] spectral line energy distribution (SLED) of starburst galaxies relative to that for main-sequence objects, where the dust opacities play a minor role in shaping the high-J CO transitions in our sample. However, the distinction between the average SLED of upper main-sequence and starburst galaxies is blurred, driven by a wide variety of intrinsic shapes. Large velocity gradient radiative transfer modeling demonstrates the existence of a highly excited component that elevates the CO SLED of high-redshift main-sequence and starbursting galaxies above the typical values observed in the disk of the Milky Way. This excited component is dense and it encloses ~50% of the total molecular gas mass in main-sequence objects. We interpret the observed trends involving the CO excitation as to be mainly determined by a combination of large SFRs and compact sizes, as a large SigmaSFR is naturally connected with enhanced dense molecular gas fractions and higher dust and gas temperatures, due to increasing ultraviolet radiation fields, cosmic ray rates, as well as dust and gas coupling. We release the full data compilation and the ancillary information to the community.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/181/572
- Title:
- Collisional ring galaxies atlas
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/181/572
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a catalog and imaging atlas of classical (collisional) RING galaxies distilled from the Arp-Madore Atlas of Southern Peculiar Galaxies and Associations and supplemented with other known RING galaxies from the published literature. The catalog lists the original host object, compiles available redshifts, and presents newly determined positions for the central (target) galaxy and its nearest companion(s). 127 collisional RING systems are illustrated and their components identified. All of the RINGS have plausible colliders identified; many are radial-velocity confirmed companions. Finally, we make note of the existence of a rare subclass of RING galaxies exemplified by AM 2136-492, double/concentric RING galaxies. These objects are predicted by numerical simulations, but they appear to be quite rare and/or short lived in nature.
