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- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/414/503
- Title:
- Abundances in the Sgr dSph
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/414/503
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We report on abundances of O, Mg, Si, Ca and Fe for 10 giants in the Sgr dwarf spheroidal derived from high resolution spectra obtained with UVES at the 8.2m Kueyen-VLT telescope. The iron abundance spans the range -0.8<~[Fe/H]<~0.0 and the dominant population is relatively metal-rich with [Fe/H]~-0.25.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/870/83
- Title:
- Abundances in the ultra-faint dwarf gal. GruI & TriII
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/870/83
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present high-resolution spectroscopy of four stars in two candidate ultra-faint dwarf galaxies (UFDs), GrusI (GruI) and TriangulumII (TriII). Neither object currently has a clearly determined velocity dispersion, placing them in an ambiguous region of parameter space between dwarf galaxies and globular clusters (GCs). No significant metallicity difference is found for the two GruI stars, but both stars are deficient in neutron-capture elements. We verify previous results that TriII displays significant spreads in metallicity and [{alpha}/Fe]. Neutron-capture elements are not detected in our TriII data, but we place upper limits at the lower envelope of Galactic halo stars, consistent with previous very low detections. Stars with similarly low neutron-capture element abundances are common in UFDs but rare in other environments. This signature of low neutron-capture element abundances traces chemical enrichment in the least massive star-forming dark matter halos and further shows that the dominant sources of neutron-capture elements in metal-poor stars are rare. In contrast, all known GCs have similar ratios of neutron-capture elements to those of halo stars, suggesting that GCs do not form at the centers of their own dark matter halos. The low neutron-capture element abundances may be the strongest evidence that GruI and TriII are (or once were) galaxies rather than GCs, and we expect future observations of these systems to robustly find nonzero velocity dispersions or signs of tidal disruption. However, the nucleosynthetic origin of this low neutron-capture element floor remains unknown.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/699/66
- Title:
- Abundances in two Galactic bulge stars
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/699/66
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present abundance analyses based on high dispersion and high signal-to-noise ratio Magellan spectra of two highly microlensed Galactic bulge stars in the region of the main-sequence turnoff with T_eff_~5650K. We find that MOA-2008-BLG-310S has [Fe/H]^8^=+0.41+/-0.09dex and MOA-2008-BLG-311S has +0.26+/-0.09dex. The abundance ratios for the ~20 elements for which features could be detected in the spectra of each of the two stars follow the trends with [Fe/H] found among samples of bulge giants. Combining these two bulge dwarfs with the results from previous abundance analysis of four other Galactic bulge turnoff region stars, all highly magnified by microlensing, gives a mean [Fe/H] of +0.29dex. This implies that there is an inconsistency between the Fe-metallicity distribution of the microlensed bulge dwarfs and that derived by the many previous estimates based on surveys of cool, luminous bulge giants, which have mean [Fe/H]~-0.1dex.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/434/235
- Title:
- Abundances of BHB stars in NGC 1904
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/434/235
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The abundance measurements are based on high-resolution optical spectroscopical data, obtained during 2 observing runs with the Ultraviolet and Visual Echelle Spectrograph mounted on Kueyen (Very Large Telescope UT2). Ten target stars in the extended blue horizontal branch of the Galactic globular cluster NGC 1904 (M79) have been analysed.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/864/43
- Title:
- Abundances of 3 bright extremely metal-poor giants
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/864/43
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present detailed chemical abundances of three new bright (V~11), extremely metal-poor ([Fe/H]~-3.0), r-process-enhanced halo red giants based on high-resolution, high-S/N Magellan/MIKE spectra. We measured abundances for 20-25 neutron-capture elements in each of our stars. J1432-4125 is among the most r-process-rich r-II stars, with [Eu/Fe]=+1.44+/-0.11. J2005-3057 is an r-I star with [Eu/Fe]=+0.94+/-0.07. J0858-0809 has [Eu/Fe]=+0.23+/-0.05 and exhibits a carbon abundance corrected for an evolutionary status of [C/Fe]_corr_=+0.76, thus adding to the small number of known carbon-enhanced r-process stars. All three stars show remarkable agreement with the scaled solar r-process pattern for elements above Ba, consistent with enrichment of the birth gas cloud by a neutron star merger. The abundances for Sr, Y, and Zr, however, deviate from the scaled solar pattern. This indicates that more than one distinct r-process site might be responsible for the observed neutron-capture element abundance pattern. Thorium was detected in J1432-4125 and J2005-3057. Age estimates for J1432-4125 and J2005-3057 were adopted from one of two sets of initial production ratios each by assuming the stars are old. This yielded individual ages of 12+/-6Gyr and 10+/-6Gyr, respectively.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/579/A28
- Title:
- Abundances of 3 CEMP stars
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/579/A28
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- In the course of the TOPoS (Turn Off Primordial Stars) survey, aimed at discovering the lowest metallicity stars, we have found several carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars. These stars are very common among the stars of extremely low metallicity and provide important clues to the star formation processes. We here present our analysis of six CEMP stars. We want to provide the most complete chemical inventory for these six stars in order to constrain the nucleosynthesis processes responsible for the abundance patterns.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/737/L32
- Title:
- Abundances of 16 Cyg A and B
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/737/L32
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Results of a detailed abundance analysis of the solar twins 16 Cyg A and 16 Cyg B based on high-resolution, high signal-to-noise ratio echelle spectroscopy are presented. 16 Cyg B is known to host a giant planet while no planets have yet been detected around 16 Cyg A. Stellar parameters are derived directly from our high-quality spectra, and the stars are found to be physically similar, with {Delta}T_eff_=+43K, {Delta}logg=-0.02dex, and {Delta}{xi}=+0.10km/s (in the sense of A-B), consistent with previous findings. Abundances of 15 elements are derived and are found to be indistinguishable between the two stars. The abundances of each element differ by <=0.026dex, and the mean difference is +0.003+/-0.015({sigma}) dex. Aside from Li, which has been previously shown to be depleted by a factor of at least 4.5 in 16 Cyg B relative to 16 Cyg A, the two stars appear to be chemically identical. The abundances of each star demonstrate a positive correlation with the condensation temperature of the elements (T_c_); the slopes of the trends are also indistinguishable. In accordance with recent suggestions, the positive slopes of the [m/H]-T_c_ relations may imply that terrestrial planets have not formed around either 16 Cyg A or 16 Cyg B.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/515/A28
- Title:
- Abundances of dwarfs and giants in 2 open clusters
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/515/A28
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- It has been suggested that the classical chemical analysis may be affected by systematic errors that would introduce abundance differences between dwarfs and giants. For some elements, the abundance difference could be real. We address the issue by observing 2 solar-type dwarfs in NGC 5822 and 3 in IC 4756, and comparing their composition with that of 3 giants in either of the aforementioned clusters. We determine iron abundance and stellar parameters for dwarf stars. Then, abundances of calcium, sodium, nickel, titanium, aluminium, chromium, and silicon were determined for both giants and dwarfs. The standard equivalent width analysis was performed differentially with respect to the Sun. We find an iron abundance for dwarf stars equal to solar to within the margins of error for IC 4756, and slightly above for NGC 5822 ([Fe/H]=0.01 and 0.05dex respectively). We show that, for sodium, silicon, and titanium, abundances of giants are significantly higher than those of the dwarfs of the same cluster (about 0.15, 0.15, and 0.35dex). Other elements may also undergo some enhanced, but all within 0.1dex.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/878/99
- Title:
- Abundances of dwarfs & giants in NGC752 with HIRES
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/878/99
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The chemical composition of stars in open clusters provides the best information on the chemical evolution of stars via comparison of main-sequence stars with evolved giants. This is a case study of the abundances in the dwarfs and giants in the old open cluster NGC 752. It is also a pilot program for automated abundance determinations, including equivalent-width measurements, stellar parameter determinations, and abundance analysis. We have found abundances of 31 element-ion combinations in 23 dwarfs and six giants. The mean cluster abundance of Fe is solar with [Fe/H]=-0.01+/-0.06 with no significant difference between the dwarfs and giants. We find that the cluster abundances of other elements, including alpha-elements, to be at or slightly above solar levels. We find some evidence for CNO processing in the spectra of the giants. The enhancement of Na in giants indicates that the NeNa cycle has occurred. The abundances of Mg and Al are similar in the dwarfs and giants, indicating that the hotter MgAl cycle has not occurred. We find no evidence of s-process enhancements in the abundances of heavy elements in the giants.
