- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/148/83
- Title:
- Spectroscopy in NGC 2360, NGC 3680, and NGC 5822
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/148/83
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Binary stars in open clusters are very useful targets in constraining the nucleosynthesis process. The luminosities of the stars are known because the distances of the clusters are also known, so chemical peculiarities can be linked directly to the evolutionary status of a star. In addition, binary stars offer the opportunity to verify a relationship between them and the straggler population in both globular and open clusters. We carried out a detailed spectroscopic analysis to derive the atmospheric parameters for 16 red giants in binary systems and the chemical composition of 11 of them in the open clusters NGC 2360, NGC 3680, and NGC 5822. We obtained abundances of C, N, O, Na, Mg, Al, Ca, Si, Ti, Ni, Cr, Y, Zr, La, Ce, and Nd. The atmospheric parameters of the studied stars and their chemical abundances were determined using high-resolution optical spectroscopy. We employ the local thermodynamic equilibrium model atmospheres of Kurucz and the spectral analysis code MOOG. The abundances of the light elements were derived using the spectral synthesis technique. We found that the stars NGC 2360-92 and 96, NGC 3680-34, and NGC 5822-4 and 312 are yellow straggler stars. We show that the spectra of NGC 5822-4 and 312 present evidence of contamination by an A-type star as a secondary star. For the other yellow stragglers, evidence of contamination is given by the broad wings of the H{alpha}. Detection of yellow straggler stars is important because the observed number can be compared with the number predicted by simulations of binary stellar evolution in open clusters. We also found that the other binary stars are not s-process enriched, which may suggest that in these binaries the secondary star is probably a faint main-sequence object. The lack of any s-process enrichment is very useful in setting constraints for the number of white dwarfs in the open cluster, a subject that is related to the birthrate of these kinds of stars in open clusters and also to the age of a cluster. Finally, rotational velocities were also determined and their values were compared with those already determined for field giant stars.
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Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/129/363
- Title:
- Spectroscopy in Orion Nebula Cluster
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/129/363
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present results from high-resolution spectra of 237 stars in the Orion Nebula cluster (ONC) obtained during two engineering runs with the Hectochelle multifiber echelle spectrograph on the 6.5m MMT. The ONC is the nearest populous young (age ~1Myr) cluster and is therefore an important object for studies of the evolution of protoplanetary disks. Using the high spectral resolution of Hectochelle, we are able to distinguish stellar accretion and wind emission-line profiles from nebular emission lines and identify accreting members of the cluster from H{alpha} profiles with greater accuracy than previously possible. We find 15 new members on the basis of Li {lambda}6707 absorption and H{alpha} emission. Line profiles of H{alpha} of some objects that are not too contaminated by nebular emission show features characteristic of mass inflow and ejection. We also present rotational velocities as part of an initial investigation into angular momentum evolution of very young stars, confirming a difference between classical T Tauri stars and weak-line T Tauri stars that had been found from period analysis. Finally, we present an initial study of the radial velocity dispersion of the brighter stars in the central cluster. The very small dispersion derived, 1.8km/s, is in good agreement with estimates from proper motions.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/661/1119
- Title:
- Spectroscopy in the 25 Ori group
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/661/1119
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We report here on the photometric and kinematic properties of a well-defined group of nearly 200 low-mass pre-main-sequence stars, concentrated within ~1{deg} of the early-B star 25 Ori, in the Orion OB1a subassociation. We refer to this stellar aggregate as the 25 Orionis group. The group also harbors the Herbig Ae/Be star V346 Ori and a dozen other early-type stars with photometry, parallaxes, and some with IR excess emission, indicative of group membership.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/862/174
- Title:
- Spectroscopy obs. of RAVE J094921.8-161722
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/862/174
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a high-resolution (R~35000), high signal-to-noise ratio (S/N>200) Magellan/MIKE spectrum of the star RAVE J094921.8-161722, a bright (V=11.3) metal-poor red giant star with [Fe/H]=-2.2, identified as a carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) star from the RAVE survey. We report its detailed chemical abundance signature of light fusion elements and heavy neutron-capture elements. We find J0949-1617 to be a CEMP star with s-process enhancement that must have formed from gas enriched by a prior r-process event. Light neutron-capture elements follow a low-metallicity s-process pattern, while the heavier neutron-capture elements above Eu follow an r-process pattern. The Pb abundance is high, in line with an s-process origin. Thorium is also detected, as expected from an r-process origin, as Th is not produced in the s-process. We employ nucleosynthesis model predictions that take an initial r-process enhancement into account, and then determine the mass transfer of carbon and s-process material from a putative more massive companion onto the observed star. The resulting abundances agree well with the observed pattern. We conclude that J0949-1617 is the first bonafide CEMP-r+s star identified. This class of objects has previously been suggested to explain stars with neutron-capture element patterns that originate from neither the r- nor the s-process alone. We speculate that J0949-1617 formed in an environment similar to those of ultra-faint dwarf galaxies like TucanaIII and ReticulumII, which were enriched in r-process elements by one or multiple neutron star mergers at the earliest times.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/53/791
- Title:
- Spectroscopy of AB stars in halo
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/53/791
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Reticon spectroscopy has been obtained for 224 high-latitude AB stars chosen from the Curtis Schmidt objective-prism survey of Preston and Schectamn. Additional spectra of radial velocity standards, globular cluster blue horizontal-branch and RR Lyrae stars, and Population I late B and early A stars have been obtained. Radial velocities have been determined for all the program objects by cross-correlating the spectra with those of radial velocities standards. The standard error in a single observation is 11km/s.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/149/103
- Title:
- Spectroscopy of candidate YSOs in Serpens
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/149/103
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We have completed an optical spectroscopic survey of a sample of candidate young stars in the Serpens Main star-forming region selected from deep B, V, and R band images. While infrared, X-ray, and optical surveys of the cloud have identified many young stellar objects (YSOs), these surveys have been biased toward particular stages of pre-main sequence evolution. We have obtained over 700 moderate resolution optical spectra that, when combined with published data, have led to the identification of 63 association members based on the presence of H{alpha} in emission, lithium absorption, X-ray emission, a mid-infrared excess, and/or reflection nebulosity. Twelve YSOs are identified based on the presence of lithium absorption alone. An additional 16 objects are classified as possible association members and their pre-main sequence nature is in need of confirmation. Spectral types along with V and R band photometry were used to derive effective temperatures and bolometric luminosities for association members to compare with theoretical tracks and isochrones for pre-main sequence stars. An average age of 2Myr is derived for this population. When compared to simulations, there is no obvious evidence for an age spread when considering the major sources of uncertainties in the derived luminosities. However when compared to the young cluster in Ophiuchus, the association members in Serpens appear to have a larger spread in luminosities and hence ages which could be intrinsic to the region or the result of a foreground population of YSOs associated with the Aquila Rift. Modeling of the spectral energy distributions from optical through mid-infrared wavelengths has revealed three new transition disk objects, making a total of six in the cluster. Echelle spectra for a subset of these sources enabled estimates of vsini for seven association members. Analysis of gravity-sensitive lines in the echelle and moderate resolution spectra of the association members indicate surface gravities consistent with dwarf or sub-giant stars.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/769/54
- Title:
- Spectroscopy of Damped Ly{alpha} (DLA) systems
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/769/54
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Using a sample of 100 H I-selected damped Ly{alpha} (DLA) systems, observed with the High Resolution Echelle Spectrometer on the Keck I telescope, we present evidence that the scatter in the well-studied correlation between the redshift and metallicity of a DLA is largely due to the existence of a mass-metallicity relationship at each redshift. To describe the fundamental relations that exist between redshift, metallicity, and mass, we use a fundamental plane description, which is described by the following equation: [M/H]=(-1.9+/-0.5)+(0.74+/-0.21)*log{Delta}v_90_-(0.32+/-0.06)*z. Here, we assert that the velocity width, {Delta}v_90_, which is defined as the velocity interval containing 90% of the integrated optical depth, traces the mass of the underlying dark matter halo. This description provides two significant improvements over the individual descriptions of the mass-metallicity correlation and metallicity-redshift correlation. Firstly, the fundamental equation reduces the scatter around both relationships by about 20%, providing a more stringent constraint on numerical simulations modeling DLAs. Secondly, it confirms that the dark matter halos that host DLAs satisfy a mass-metallicity relationship at each redshift between redshifts 2 through 5.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/145/95
- Title:
- Spectroscopy of {epsilon} Ori
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/145/95
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the results of a time series analysis of 130 echelle spectra of {epsilon} Ori (B0 Ia), acquired over seven observing seasons between 1998 and 2006 at Ritter Observatory. The equivalent widths of H{alpha} (net) and HeI{lambda}5876 were measured and radial velocities were obtained from the central absorption of HeI{lambda}5876. Temporal variance spectra (TVS) revealed significant wind variability in both H{alpha} and HeI{lambda}5876. The HeI TVS have a double-peaked profile consistent with radial velocity oscillations. A periodicity search was carried out on the equivalent width and radial velocity data, as well as on wavelength-binned spectra. This analysis has revealed several periods in the variability with timescales of two to seven days. Many of these periods exhibit sinusoidal modulation in the associated phase diagrams. Several of these periods were present in both H{alpha} and HeI, indicating a possible connection between the wind and the photosphere. Due to the harmonic nature of these periods, stellar pulsations may be the origin of some of the observed variability. Periods on the order of the rotational period were also detected in the HeI line in the 1998-1999 season and in both lines during the 2004-2005 season. These periods may indicate rotational modulation due to structure in the wind.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/150/109
- Title:
- Spectroscopy of {eta} Car in 2009
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/150/109
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We report on high-resolution spectroscopy of the 2009.0 spectroscopic event of {eta} Carinae collected via SMARTS observations using the CTIO 1.5m telescope and echelle spectrograph. Our observations were made almost every night over a two-month interval around the photometric minimum of {eta} Car associated with the periastron passage of a hot companion. The photoionizing flux of the companion and heating related to colliding winds causes large changes in the wind properties of the massive primary star. Here we present an analysis of temporal variations in a sample of spectral lines that are clearly formed in the wind of the primary star. These lines are affected by a changing illumination of the flux of the secondary star during the periastron passage. We document the sudden onset of blueshifted absorption that occurred in most of the lines near or slightly after periastron, and we argue that these absorption components are seen when we view the relatively undisturbed wind of the foreground primary star. We present time series measurements of the net equivalent width of the wind lines and of the radial velocities of the absorption trough minima and the emission peak midpoints. Most lines decrease in emission strength around periastron, and those high excitation lines formed close to the primary exhibit a red-ward velocity excursion. We show how these trends can be explained using an illuminated hemisphere model that is based on the idea that the emission originates primarily from the side of the primary facing the hot companion.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/714/1521
- Title:
- Spectroscopy of galaxies around distant QSOs
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/714/1521
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We report results from a survey of MgII absorbers in the spectra of background quasi-stellar objects (QSOs) that are within close angular distances to a foreground galaxy at z<0.5, using the Magellan Echellette Spectrograph. We have established a spectroscopic sample of 94 galaxies at a median redshift of <z>=0.24 in fields around 70 distant background QSOs (z_QSO_>0.6), 71 of which are in an "isolated" environment with no known companions and located at {rho}<~120h^-1^kpc from the line of sight of a background QSO. The rest-frame absolute B-band magnitudes span a range from M_B_-5logh=-16.4 to M_B_-5logh=-21.4 and rest-frame B_AB_-R_AB_ colors range from B_AB_-R_AB_~0 to B_AB_-R_AB_~1.5. Of these "isolated" galaxies, we find that 47 have corresponding MgII absorbers in the spectra of background QSOs and rest-frame absorption equivalent width W_r_(2796)=0.1-2.34{AA}, and 24 do not give rise to MgII absorption to sensitive upper limits.
