- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/158/35
- Title:
- Swift UVOT Stars Survey. III. Galactic open clusters
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/158/35
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- As part of the Swift/Ultraviolet-Optical Telescope Stars Survey, we present near-ultraviolet (NUV; 3000-1700 {AA}) point-source photometry for 103 Galactic open clusters. These data, taken over the span of the mission, provide a unique and unprecedented set of NUV point-source photometry on simple stellar populations. After applying a membership analysis fueled mostly by Gaia DR2 (Cat. I/345) proper motions, we find that 49 of these 103 have clear precise color-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) amenable to investigation. We compare the CMDs to theoretical isochrones and find good agreement between the theoretical isochrones and the CMDs. The exceptions are the fainter parts of the main sequence and the red giant branch in the uvw2-uvw1 CMDs, which is most likely due to either the difficulty of correcting for the red leak in the uvw2 filter or limitations in our understanding of UV opacities for cool stars. For the most part, our derived cluster parameters - age, distance, and reddening - agree with the consensus literature, but we find a few clusters that warrant substantial revision from literature values, notably NGC 2304, NGC 2343, NGC 2360, NGC 2396, NGC 2428, NGC 2509, NGC 2533, NGC 2571, NGC 2818, Collinder 220, and NGC 6939. A number of these are clusters in the third Galactic quadrant, where previous studies may have mistaken the disk sequence for the cluster. However, the Gaia DR2 proper motions clearly favor a different sequence. A number of clusters also show white dwarf and blue straggler sequences. We confirm the presence of extended main-sequence turnoffs in NGC 2360 and NGC 2818 and show hints of them in a number of other clusters that may warrant future spectroscopic study. Most of the clusters in the study have low extinction, and the rest are well fit by a "Milky Way-like" extinction law. However, Collinder 220 hints at a possible "LMC-like" extinction law. We finally provide a comprehensive point-source catalog to the community as a tool for future investigation.
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- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/159/100
- Title:
- Temperatures and Rc photometry in the Hyades
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/159/100
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Using Hyades photometry published by Mendoza (1967BOTT....4..149M) and other authors, Pinsonneault et al. (2004ApJ...600..946P) have recently concluded that Cousins V-I photometry published by Taylor & Joner (1985AJ.....90..479T, 1988AJ.....96..211T, 1996AJ....111.1338T) is not on the Cousins system. Extensive tests of the Taylor-Joner photometry and other pertinent results are therefore performed in this paper. It is found that in part, the Pinsonneault et al. conclusion rests on (1) a systematic error in Mendoza's (R-I)J photometry and (2) a small error in an approximate Johnson-to-Cousins transformation published by Bessell. For the Taylor-Joner values of (V-R)C, it is found that there are possible (though not definite) differences of several mmag with other results. However, the Taylor-Joner values of (R-I)C data are supported at the 1mmag level. Using the (R-I)C data and other published results, an (R-I)C catalog is assembled for 146 Hyades stars with spectral types earlier than about K5. For single stars with multiple contributing data, the rms errors of the catalog entries are less than 4.4 mmag. Temperatures on the Di Benedetto angular-diameter scale are also given in the catalog and are used to help update published analyses of high-dispersion values of [Fe/H] for the Hyades. The best current mean Hyades value of [Fe/H] is found to be +0.103+/-0.008dex and is essentially unchanged from its previous value. In addition to these numerical results, recommendations are made about improving attitudes and practices that are pertinent to issues like those raised by Pinsonneault et al.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/718/683
- Title:
- The edge of the young Galactic disk
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/718/683
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- In this work, we report and discuss the detection of two distant diffuse stellar groups in the third Galactic quadrant. They are composed of young stars, with spectral types ranging from late O to late B, and lie at galactocentric distances between 15 and 20kpc. These groups are located in the area of two cataloged open clusters (VdB-Hagen 04 and Ruprecht 30), projected toward the Vela-Puppis constellations, and within the core of the Canis Major overdensity. Their reddening and distances have been estimated by analyzing their color-color and color-magnitude diagrams, derived from deep UBV photometry. The existence of young star aggregates at such extreme distances from the Galactic center challenges the commonly accepted scenario in which the Galactic disk has a sharp cutoff at about 14kpc from the Galactic center and indicates that it extends to much greater distances (as also supported by the recent detection of CO molecular complexes well beyond this distance). While the groups we find in the area of Ruprecht 30 are compatible with the Orion and Norma-Cygnus spiral arms, respectively, the distant group we identify in the region of VdB-Hagen 04 lies in the external regions of the Norma-Cygnus arm, at a galactocentric distance (~20kpc) where no young stars have been detected so far in the optical.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/341/98
- Title:
- The ionizing cluster of 30 Doradus. I.
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/341/98
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- UBV profile fitting photometry is presented for 1469 stars within 90arcsec of the center of the ionizing cluster of 30 Doradus (NGC 2070). A value of 0.82+/-0.03 is found for the extinction parameter S=E(U-B)/E(B-V), constant over almost the whole area covered by this research, with some evidence for local variations. Two reddening components can be identified: a smooth and moderate one that increases towards R136, and a clumpy one varying widely across the face of the cluster. The total-to-selective extinction parameter, R_V_= A_V_/E(B-V), is found to be in the range of 3.0 to 3.7, consistent with previous determinations. A new visualization tool, the colour-magnitude stereogram, is introduced and used to argue that: (1) the observations imply mass segregation in a dust filled cluster; (2) that there has been continuous dust formation near the cluster core up to the present; and (3) that an insidious systematic error has plagued previous determinations of IMF slopes. A method to obtain an unbiased estimate of the slope is discussed.
595. The Mayrit catalogue
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/478/667
- Title:
- The Mayrit catalogue
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/478/667
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The young sigma Orionis cluster is an indispensable basis for understanding the formation and evolution of stars, brown dwarfs and planetary-mass objects. Our knowledge of its stellar population is, however, incomplete. I present the Mayrit catalogue, that comprises most of the stars and high-mass brown dwarfs of the cluster. The basis of this work is an optical-near infrared correlation between the 2MASS and DENIS catalogues in a circular area of radius 30 arcmin centred on the OB-type binary sigma Ori AB. The analysis is supported on a bibliographic search of confirmed cluster members with features of youth and on additional X-ray, mid-infrared and astrometric data. I list 241 sigma Orionis stars and brown dwarfs with known features of youth, 97 candidate cluster members (40 are new) and 115 back- and foreground sources in the survey area. The 338 cluster members and member candidates constitute the Mayrit catalogue. This catalogue is a suitable input for studying the spatial distribution, multiplicity, properties and frequency of discs and the complete mass function of sigma Orionis.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/209/31
- Title:
- The MYStIX IR-Excess Source catalog (MIRES)
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/209/31
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The Massive Young Star-Forming Complex Study in Infrared and X-rays (MYStIX) project provides a comparative study of 20 Galactic massive star-forming complexes (d=0.4-3.6kpc). Probable stellar members in each target complex are identified using X-ray and/or infrared data via two pathways: X-ray detections of young/massive stars with coronal activity/strong winds or (2) infrared excess (IRE) selection of young stellar objects (YSOs) with circumstellar disks and/or protostellar envelopes. We present the methodology for the second pathway using Spitzer/IRAC, 2MASS, and UKIRT imaging and photometry. Although IRE selection of YSOs is well-trodden territory, MYStIX presents unique challenges. The target complexes range from relatively nearby clouds in uncrowded fields located toward the outer Galaxy (e.g., NGC 2264, the Flame Nebula) to more distant, massive complexes situated along complicated, inner Galaxy sightlines (e.g., NGC 6357, M17). We combine IR spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting with IR color cuts and spatial clustering analysis to identify IRE sources and isolate probable YSO members in each MYStIX target field from the myriad types of contaminating sources that can resemble YSOs: extragalactic sources, evolved stars, nebular knots, and even unassociated foreground/background YSOs. Applying our methodology consistently across 18 of the target complexes, we produce the MYStIX IRE Source (MIRES) Catalog comprising 20719 sources, including 8686 probable stellar members of the MYStIX target complexes. We also classify the SEDs of 9365 IR counterparts to MYStIX X-ray sources to assist the first pathway, the identification of X-ray-detected stellar members.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/PASP/98/1133
- Title:
- The open cluster NGC 346
- Short Name:
- J/PASP/98/1133
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present CCD photometry and spectrographic observations for stars in the open cluster NGC 346, which excites the largest H II region in the Small Magellanic Cloud. These observations show that NGC 346 is an extremely young cluster, containing more than 20 hot O-type stars. A radial-velocity study of the brightest stars, and also of the nearby supergiant Of star Sk 80, discloses atmospheric expansion due to strong stellar winds, but no large-amplitude radial-velocity variations due to short-period binary motion. However, two stars are probably longer period binaries.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/789/115
- Title:
- The Quintuplet cluster astrometry and photometry
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/789/115
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We investigate the orbital motion of the Quintuplet cluster near the Galactic center with the aim of constraining formation scenarios of young, massive star clusters in nuclear environments. Three epochs of adaptive optics high-angular resolution imaging with the Keck/NIRC2 and Very Large Telescope/NAOS-CONICA systems were obtained over a time baseline of 5.8 yr, delivering an astrometric accuracy of 0.5-1 mas/yr. Proper motions were derived in the cluster reference frame and were used to distinguish cluster members from the majority of the dense field star population toward the inner bulge. Fitting the cluster and field proper motion distributions with two-dimensional (2D) Gaussian models, we derive the orbital motion of the cluster for the first time. The Quintuplet is moving with a 2D velocity of 132+/-15 km/s with respect to the field along the Galactic plane, which yields a three-dimensional orbital velocity of 167+/-15 km/s when combined with the previously known radial velocity. From a sample of 119 stars measured in three epochs, we derive an upper limit to the velocity dispersion of {sigma}_1D_< 10 km/s in the core of the Quintuplet cluster. Knowledge of the three velocity components of the Quintuplet allows us to model the cluster orbit in the potential of the inner Galaxy. Under the assumption that the Quintuplet is located in the central 200 pc at the present time, these simulations exclude the possibility that the cluster is moving on a circular orbit. Comparing the Quintuplet's orbit with our earlier measurements of the Arches' orbit, we discuss the possibility that both clusters originated in the same area of the central molecular zone (CMZ). According to the model of Binney et al., two families of stable cloud orbits are located along the major and minor axes of the Galactic bar, named x1 and x2 orbits, respectively. The formation locus of these clusters is consistent with the outermost x2 orbit and might hint at cloud collisions at the transition region between the x1 and x2 orbital families located at the tip of the minor axis of the Galactic bar. The formation of young, massive star clusters in circumnuclear rings is discussed in the framework of the channeling in of dense gas by the bar potential. We conclude that the existence of a large-scale bar plays a major role in supporting ongoing star and cluster formation, not only in nearby spiral galaxies with circumnuclear rings, but also in the Milky Way's CMZ.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/844/66
- Title:
- The Sco-Cen Rotation Catalogue - SCRC
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/844/66
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We report the results of a study of archival SuperWASP light curves for stars in Scorpius-Centaurus (Sco-Cen), the nearest OB association. We use SuperWASP time-series photometry to extract rotation periods for 189 candidate members of the Sco-Cen complex and verify that 162 of those are members of the classic Sco-Cen subgroups of Upper Scorpius (US), Upper Centaurus-Lupus (UCL), and Lower Centaurus-Crux (LCC). This study provides the first measurements of rotation periods explicitly for large samples of pre-main-sequence (pre-MS) stars spanning the UCL and LCC subgroups. Our final sample of 157 well-characterized pre-MS stars spans ages of ~10-20Myr, spectral types of ~F3-M0, and masses of M~=0.3-1.5 M_{sun}_^N^. For this sample, we find a distribution of stellar rotation periods with a median of P_rot_~=2.4-days, an overall range of 0.2<P_rot_<8-days, and a fairly well-defined mass-dependent upper envelope of rotation periods. This distribution of periods is consistent with recently developed stellar angular momentum evolution models. These data are significant because they represent an undersampled age range and the number of measurable rotation periods is large compared to recent studies of other regions. We also search for new examples of eclipsing disk or ring systems analogous to 1SWASP J140747.93-394542.6 (J1407), but find none. Our survey yielded five eclipsing binaries, but only one appears to be physically associated with the Sco-Cen complex. V2394 Oph is a heavily reddened (A_V_~=5mag) massive contact binary in the LDN 1689 cloud whose Gaia astrometry is clearly consistent with kinematic membership with the Ophiuchus star-forming region.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/577/A148
- Title:
- The Seven Sisters DANCe. I. Pleiades
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/577/A148
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The DANCe survey provides photometric and astrometric (position and proper motion) measurements for approximately 2 millions unique sources in a region encompassing approximately 80deg^2^ centered around the Pleiades cluster. We aim at deriving a complete census of the Pleiades, and measure the mass and luminosity function of the cluster. Using the probabilistic selection method described in Sarro et al. (2014A&A...563A..45S, Cat. J/A+A/563/A45), we identify high probability members in the DANCe (i>14mag) and Tycho-2 (V<12mag) catalogues, and study the properties of the cluster over the corresponding luminosity range. We find a total of 2109 high probability members, of which 812 are new, making it the most extensive and complete census of the cluster to date. The luminosity and mass functions of the cluster are computed from the most massive members down to 0.025M_{sun}_. The size, sensitivity and quality of the sample result in the most precise luminosity and mass functions observed to date for a cluster. Our census supersedes previous studies of the Pleiades cluster populations, both in terms of sensitivity and accuracy.