- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/889/177
- Title:
- RGB abundances in the disk, stream & halo of M31
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/889/177
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We measured [Fe/H] and [{alpha}/Fe] using spectral synthesis of low-resolution stellar spectroscopy for 70 individual red-giant-branch stars across four fields spanning the outer disk, Giant Stellar Stream (GSS), and inner halo of M31. Fields at M31-centric projected distances of 23kpc in the halo, 12kpc in the halo, 22kpc in the GSS, and 26kpc in the outer disk are {alpha}-enhanced, with <[{alpha}/Fe]>=0.43, 0.50, 0.41, and 0.58, respectively. The 23 and 12kpc halo fields are relatively metal-poor, with <[Fe/H]>=-1.54 and -1.30, whereas the 22kpc GSS and 26kpc outer disk fields are relatively metal-rich with <[Fe/H]>=-0.84 and -0.92, respectively. For fields with substructure, we separated the stellar populations into kinematically hot stellar halo components and kinematically cold components. We did not find any evidence of a radial [{alpha}/Fe] gradient along the high surface brightness core of the GSS between ~17 and 22kpc. However, we found tentative suggestions of a negative radial [{alpha}/Fe] gradient in the stellar halo, which may indicate that different progenitor(s) or formation mechanisms contributed to the build up of the inner versus outer halo. Additionally, the [{alpha}/Fe] distribution of the metal-rich ([Fe/H]>-1.5), smooth inner stellar halo (r_proj_<~26kpc) is inconsistent with having formed from the disruption of a progenitor(s) similar to present-day M31 satellite galaxies. The 26kpc outer disk is most likely associated with the extended disk of M31, where its high {alpha}-enhancement provides support for an episode of rapid star formation in M31's disk possibly induced by a major merger.
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Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/155/71
- Title:
- RGB & HB members of the bulge cluster NGC 6569
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/155/71
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Photometric and spectroscopic analyses have shown that the Galactic bulge cluster Terzan 5 hosts several populations with different metallicities and ages that manifest as a double red horizontal branch (HB). A recent investigation of the massive bulge cluster NGC 6569 revealed a similar, though less extended, HB luminosity split, but little is known about the cluster's detailed chemical composition. Therefore, we have used high-resolution spectra from the Magellan-M2FS and VLT-FLAMES spectrographs to investigate the chemical compositions and radial velocity distributions of red giant branch and HB stars in NGC 6569. We found the cluster to have a mean heliocentric radial velocity of -48.8 km/s ({sigma}=5.3 km/s; 148 stars) and <[Fe/H]>=-0.87 dex (19 stars), but the cluster's 0.05 dex [Fe/H] dispersion precludes a significant metallicity spread. NGC 6569 exhibits light- and heavy-element distributions that are common among old bulge/inner Galaxy globular clusters, including clear (anti)correlations between [O/Fe], [Na/Fe], and [Al/Fe]. The light-element data suggest that NGC 6569 may be composed of at least two distinct populations, and the cluster's low <[La/Eu]>=-0.11 dex indicates significant pollution with r-process material. We confirm that both HBs contain cluster members, but metallicity and light-element variations are largely ruled out as sources for the luminosity difference. However, He mass fraction differences as small as {Delta}Y~0.02 cannot be ruled out and may be sufficient to reproduce the double HB.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/590/A9
- Title:
- RGB stars in Galactic GC stellar parameters
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/590/A9
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Globular clusters trace the formation and evolution of the Milky Way and surrounding galaxies, and outline their chemical enrichment history. To accomplish these tasks it is important to have large samples of clusters with homogeneous data and analysis to derive kinematics, chemical abundances, ages and locations. We aim to obtain homogeneous metallicities and alpha-element enhancement for 51 Galactic bulge, disc, and halo globular clusters that are among the most distant and/or highly reddened in the Galaxy's globular cluster system. We also provide membership selection based on stellar radial velocities and atmospheric parameters. The implications of our results are discussed. We observed R~2000 spectra in the wavelength interval 456-586nm for over 800 red giant stars in 51 Galactic globular clusters. We applied full spectrum fitting with the code ETOILE together with libraries of observed and synthetic spectra. We compared the mean abundances of all clusters with previous work and with field stars. We used the relation between mean metallicity and horizontal branch morphology defined by all clusters to select outliers for discussion. [Fe/H], [Mg/Fe], and [alpha/Fe] were derived in a consistent way for almost one-third of all Galactic globular clusters. We find our metallicities are comparable to those derived from high-resolution data to within sigma=0.08dex over the interval -2.5<[Fe/H]<0.0. Further, a comparison of previous metallicity scales with ours yields sigma<0.16dex. We also find that the distribution of [Mg/Fe] and [alpha/Fe] with [Fe/H] for the 51 clusters follows the general trend exhibited by field stars. It is the first time that the following clusters are included in a large sample of homogeneous stellar spectroscopic observations and metallicity derivation: BH 176, Djorg 2, Pal 10, NGC 6426, Lynga 7, and Terzan 8. In particular, the first three clusters only had photometric metallicities previously and the available metallicity for NGC 6426 was based only on integrated spectroscopy and photometry. Two other clusters, HP 1 and NGC 6558, are confirmed as candidates for the oldest globular clusters in the Milky Way. Stellar spectroscopy in the visible at R~2000 for a large sample of globular clusters is a robust and efficient way to trace the chemical evolution of the host galaxy and to detect interesting objects for follow-up at higher-resolution and with forthcoming giant telescopes. The technique used here can also be applied to globular cluster systems in nearby galaxies with current instruments and to distant galaxies with the advent of ELTs.
1644. RGB stars in NGC 2808
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/413/343
- Title:
- RGB stars in NGC 2808
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/413/343
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the results of the first observations, taken with FLAMES during Science Verification, of red giant branch (RGB) stars in the globular cluster NGC 2808. A total of 137 stars was observed, of which 20 at high resolution (R=47000) with UVES and the others at lower resolution (R=19000-29000) with GIRAFFE in MEDUSA mode, monitoring ~3mag down from the RGB tip. Spectra were taken of the H{alpha}, Na I D and Ca II H and K lines.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/456/4315
- Title:
- RGB stars in NGC 6822, Ca II triplet
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/456/4315
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a detailed analysis of the chemistry and kinematics of red giants in the dwarf irregular galaxy NGC 6822. Spectroscopy at ~8500{AA} was acquired for 72 red giant stars across two fields using FORS2 at the VLT. Line-of-sight extinction was individually estimated for each target star to accommodate the variable reddening across NGC 6822. The mean radial velocity was found to be <v_rad_>=-52.8+/-2.2km/s with dispersion {sigma}_v_=24.1km/s, in agreement with other studies. Ca ii triplet equivalent widths were converted into [Fe/H] metallicities using a V magnitude proxy for surface gravity. The average metallicity was <[Fe/H]>=-0.84+/-0.04 with dispersion {sigma}=0.31dex and interquartile range 0.48. Our assignment of individual reddening values makes our analysis more sensitive to spatial variations in metallicity than previous studies. We divide our sample into metal-rich and metal-poor stars; the former were found to cluster towards small radii with the metal-poor stars more evenly distributed across the galaxy. The velocity dispersion of the metal-poor stars was found to be higher than that of the metal-rich stars {sigma}_vMP_=27.4km/s; {sigma}_vMR_=21.1km/s); combined with the age-metallicity relation this indicates that the older populations have either been dynamically heated during their lifetimes or were born in a less disc-like distribution than the younger stars.. The low ratio v_rot_/{sigma}_v_ suggests that within the inner 10-arcmin, NGC 6822's stars are dynamically decoupled from the HI gas, and possibly distributed in a thick disc or spheroid structure.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/464/201
- Title:
- RGB stars in Sagittarius streams
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/464/201
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The Sagittarius (Sgr) dwarf spheroidal galaxy is currently being disrupted under the strain of the Milky Way. A reliable reconstruction of Sgr star formation history can only be obtained by combining core and stream information. We present radial velocities for 67 stars belonging to the Sgr Stream. For 12 stars in the sample we also present iron (Fe) and {alpha}-element (Mg, Ca) abundances.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/747/108
- Title:
- Rigel. I. MOST photometry and RV monitoring
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/747/108
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Rigel ({beta} Ori, B8 Ia) is a nearby blue supergiant displaying {alpha} Cyg type variability, and is one of the nearest Type II supernova progenitors. As such it is an excellent test bed to study the internal structure of pre-core-collapse stars. In this study, for the first time, we present 28 days of high-precision MOST photometry and over six years of spectroscopic monitoring. We report 19 significant pulsation modes of signal-to-noise ratio, S/N >~ 4.6 from radial velocities, with variability timescales ranging from 1.21 to 74.7 days, which are associated with high-order low-degree gravity modes. While the radial velocity variations show a degree of correlation with the flux changes, there is no clear interplay between the equivalent widths of different metallic and H{alpha} lines.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/817/113
- Title:
- RIOTS4: spectroscopic survey of SMC field OB stars
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/817/113
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the Runaways and Isolated O-Type Star Spectroscopic Survey of the SMC (RIOTS4), a spatially complete survey of uniformly selected field OB stars that covers the entire star-forming body of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). Using the IMACS (Inamori-Magellan Areal Camera and Spectrograph) multislit spectrograph and MIKE (Magellan Inamori Kyocera Echelle) echelle spectrograph on the Magellan telescopes, we obtained spectra of 374 early-type field stars that are at least 28pc from any other OB candidates. We also obtained spectra of an additional 23 field stars in the SMC bar identified from slightly different photometric criteria. Here, we present the observational catalog of stars in the RIOTS4 survey, including spectral classifications and radial velocities. For three multi-slit fields covering 8% of our sample, we carried out monitoring observations over 9-16 epochs to study binarity, finding a spectroscopic, massive binary frequency of at least ~60% in this subsample. Classical Oe/Be stars represent a large fraction of RIOTS4 (42%), occurring at much higher frequency than in the Galaxy, consistent with expectation at low metallicity. RIOTS4 confirmed a steep upper initial mass function in the field, apparently caused by the inability of the most massive stars to form in the smallest clusters. Our survey also yields evidence for in situ field OB star formation, and properties of field emission-line star populations, including sgB[e] stars and classical Oe/Be stars. We also discuss the radial velocity distribution and its relation to SMC kinematics and runaway stars. RIOTS4 presents a first quantitative characterization of field OB stars in an external galaxy, including the contributions of sparse, but normal, star formation; runaway stars; and candidate isolated star formation.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/143/80
- Title:
- R Low-mass stars of beta Pic and AB Dor groups
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/143/80
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- As part of our continuing effort to identify new, low-mass members of nearby, young moving groups (NYMGs), we present a list of young, low-mass candidates in the northern hemisphere. We used our proven proper-motion selection procedure and ROSAT X-ray and GALEX-UV activity indicators to identify 204 young stars as candidate members of the {beta} Pictoris and AB Doradus NYMGs. Definitive membership assignment of a given candidate will require a measurement of its radial velocity and distance. We present a simple system of indices to characterize the young candidates and help prioritize follow-up observations. New group members identified in this candidate list will be high priority targets for (1) exoplanet direct imaging searches, (2) the study of post-T-Tauri astrophysics, (3) understanding recent local star formation, and (4) the study of local galactic kinematics. Information available now allows us to identify eight likely new members in the list. Two of these, a late-K and an early-M dwarf, we find to be likely members of the {beta} Pic group. The other six stars are likely members of the AB Dor moving group. These include an M dwarf triple system, and three very cool objects that may be young brown dwarfs, making them the lowest-mass, isolated objects proposed in the AB Dor moving group to date.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/888/34
- Title:
- Robo-AO Kepler asteroseismic survey. II.
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/888/34
- Date:
- 25 Oct 2021 10:08:41
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The Kepler Space Telescope observed over 15000 stars for asteroseismic studies. Of these, 75% of dwarfs (and 8% of giants) were found to show anomalous behavior, such as suppressed oscillations (low amplitude) or no oscillations at all. The lack of solar-like oscillations may be a consequence of multiplicity, due to physical interactions with spectroscopic companions or due to the dilution of oscillation amplitudes from "wide" (AO detected; visual) or spectroscopic companions introducing contaminating flux. We present a search for stellar companions to 327 of the Kepler asteroseismic sample, which were expected to display solar-like oscillations. We used direct imaging with Robo-AO, which can resolve secondary sources at ~0.15", and followed up detected companions with Keck AO. Directly imaged companion systems with both separations of <=0.5" and amplitude dilutions >10% all have anomalous primaries, suggesting these oscillation signals are diluted by a sufficient amount of excess flux. We also used the high-resolution spectrometer ESPaDOnS at the Canada-France-Hawai'i Telescope to search for spectroscopic binaries. We find tentative evidence for a higher fraction of spectroscopic binaries with high radial velocity scatter in anomalous systems, which would be consistent with previous results suggesting that oscillations are suppressed by tidal interactions in close eclipsing binaries.
