- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/404/1639
- Title:
- MILES base models & new line index system
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/404/1639
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present synthetic spectral energy distributions (SEDs) for single-age, single-metallicity stellar populations (SSPs) covering the full optical spectral range at moderately high resolution [full width at half-maximum (FWHM)=2.3{AA}]. These SEDs constitute our base models, as they combine scaled-solar isochrones with an empirical stellar spectral library [Medium resolution INT Library of Empirical Spectra (MILES)], which follows the chemical evolution pattern of the solar neighbourhood. The models rely as much as possible on empirical ingredients, not just on the stellar spectra, but also on extensive photometric libraries, which are used to determine the transformations from the theoretical parameters of the isochrones to observational quantities. The unprecedented stellar parameter coverage of the MILES stellar library allowed us to safely extend our optical SSP SED predictions from intermediate- to very-old-age regimes and the metallicity coverage of the SSPs from super-solar to [M/H]=-2.3. SSPs with such low metallicities are particularly useful for globular cluster studies. We have computed SSP SEDs for a suite of initial mass function shapes and slopes. We provide a quantitative analysis of the dependence of the synthesized SSP SEDs on the (in)complete coverage of the stellar parameter space in the input library that not only shows that our models are of higher quality than those of other works, but also in which range of SSP parameters our models are reliable.
Number of results to display per page
Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/371/703
- Title:
- MILES library of empirical spectra
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/371/703
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- A new stellar library developed for stellar population synthesis modelling is presented. The library consists of 985 stars spanning a large range in atmospheric parameters. The spectra were obtained at the 2.5-m Isaac Newton Telescope and cover the range 3525-7500{AA} at 2.3{AA} (full width at half-maximum) spectral resolution. The spectral resolution, spectral-type coverage, flux-calibration accuracy and number of stars represent a substantial improvement over previous libraries used in population-synthesis models.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/649/A83
- Title:
- Milky Way nuclear disk KMOS survey
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/649/A83
- Date:
- 22 Feb 2022
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- In the central few degrees of the bulge of the Milky Way there is a flattened structure of gas, dust, and stars, known as the central molecular zone, that is similar to nuclear disks in other galaxies. As a result of extreme foreground extinction, we possess only sparse information about the (mostly old) stellar population of the nuclear disk. In this work we present our KMOS spectroscopic survey of the stars in the nuclear disk reaching the old populations. To obtain an unbiased data set, we sampled stars in the full extinction range along each line of sight. We also observed reference fields in neighboring regions of the Galactic bulge. We describe the design and execution of the survey and present first results. We obtain spectra and five spectral indices of 3113 stars with a median S/N of 67 and measure radial velocities for 3051 stars. Of those, 2735 sources have sufficient S/N to estimate temperatures and metallicities from indices. We derive metallicities using the CO 2-0 and Na I K-band spectral features, where we derive our own empirical calibration using metallicities obtained with higher-resolution observations.We use 183 giant stars for calibration spanning in metallicity from -2.5 to 0.6dex and covering temperatures of up to 5500K. The derived index based metallicities deviate from the calibration values with a scatter of 0.32dex. The internal uncertainty of our metallicities is likely smaller. We use these metallicity measurements, together with the CO index, to derive effective temperatures using literature relations. We publish the catalog in this paper. Our data set complements Galactic surveys such as Gaia and APOGEE for the inner 200pc radius of the Milky Way, which is not readily accessible by those surveys owing to extinction. We will use the derived properties in future papers for further analysis of the nuclear disk.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/592/A43
- Title:
- Millimeter wave spectra of carbonyl cyanide
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/592/A43
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- More than 30 cyanide derivatives of simple organic molecules have been detected in the interstellar medium, but only one dicarbonitrile has been found and that very recently. There is still a lack of high-resolution spectroscopic data particularly for dinitriles derivatives. The carbonyl cyanide molecule is a new and interesting candidate for astrophysical detection. It could be formed by the reaction of CO and CN radicals, or by substitution of the hydrogen atom by a cyano group in cyanoformaldehyde, HC(=O)CN, that has already been detected in the interstellar medium. The available data on the rotational spectrum of carbonyl cyanide is limited in terms of quantum number values and frequency range, and does not allow accurate extrapolation of the spectrum into the millimeter-wave range. To provide a firm basis for astrophysical detection of carbonyl cyanide we studied its millimeter-wave spectrum. Methods. The rotational spectrum of carbonyl cyanide was measured in the frequency range 152-308GHz and analyzed using Watson's A- and S-reduction Hamiltonians. The ground and first excited state of v5 vibrational mode were assigned and analyzed. More than 1100 distinct frequency lines of the ground state were fitted to produce an accurate set of rotational and centrifugal distortion constants up to the eighth order. The frequency predictions based on these constants should be accurate enough for astrophysical searches in the frequency range up to 500GHz and for transition involving energy levels with J<100 and Ka<42. Based on the results we searched for interstellar carbonyl cyanide in available observational data without success. Thus, we derived upper limits to its column density in different sources.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/591/A75
- Title:
- Millimeter wave spectrum of methyl cyanate
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/591/A75
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The recent discovery of methyl isocyanate (CH_3_NCO) in Sgr B2(N) and Orion KL makes methyl cyanate (CH_3_OCN) a potential molecule in the interstellar medium. The aim of this work is to fulfill the first requirement for its unequivocal identification in space, i.e. the availability of transition frequencies with high accuracy. The room-temperature rotational spectrum of methyl cyanate was recorded in the millimeter wave domain from 130 to 350GHz. All rotational transitions revealed A-E splitting owing to methyl internal rotation and were globally analyzed using the ERHAM program. The data set for the ground torsional state of methyl cyanate exceeds 700 transitions within J"=10-35 and K"a=0-13 and newly derived spectroscopic constants reproduce the spectrum close to the experimental uncertainty. Spectral features of methyl cyanate were then searched for in Orion KL, Sgr B2(N), B1-b, and TMC-1 molecular clouds. Upper limits to the column density of methyl cyanate are provided.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/577/A91
- Title:
- Millimeter wave spectrum of vinyl acetate
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/577/A91
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The recent discovery of methyl acetate in Orion KL makes vinyl acetate, CH3-(C=O)-O-CH=CH2, a potential molecule in the interstellar medium.We obtained very accurate spectroscopic constants in a comprehensive laboratory analysis of its rotational spectra which can be used to predict those transition frequencies towards interstellar sources. We present the experimental study and theoretical analysis of the ground torsional state of vinyl acetate in a large spectral range for astrophysical use. The room-temperature rotational spectrum of vinyl acetate has been measured from 125 to 305GHz to provide direct frequencies to the astronomical community. Additional measurements have also been made using a broadband CP-FTMWspectrometer in the region of 6 - 18 GHz. Transition lines, corresponding to the most stable conformer, have been observed and assigned. All the rotational transitions revealed the A-E splitting due to the methyl internal rotation and had to be treated with a specific internal rotation code (BELGI-Cs). We analyzed 2508 transitions up to J"=75 for vt=0 for the most stable conformer of vinyl acetate. The new lines were globally fitted with previously published data and 24 parameters of the Hamiltonian were accurately determined. The spectral features of vinyl acetate were then searched for in Orion KL. Using the whole line survey of Orion KL (80-280GHz) obtained with the IRAM 30m radio telescope we can provide only an upper limit to the column density of vinyl acetate. However, using the ALMA Science Verification data we obtain a tentative detection of this species that will require further search at other frequencies to confirm its presence in this high mass star forming region.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/162/137
- Title:
- Minerva-Australis radial velocity of AU Mic
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/162/137
- Date:
- 14 Mar 2022 08:18:00
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We report measurements of the sky-projected spin-orbit angle for AU Mic b, a Neptune-size planet orbiting a very young (~20Myr) nearby pre-main-sequence M-dwarf star, which also hosts a bright, edge-on, debris disk. The planet was recently discovered from preliminary analysis of radial-velocity observations and confirmed to be transiting its host star from photometric data from the NASA's TESS mission. We obtained radial-velocity measurements of AU Mic over the course of two partially observable transits and one full transit of planet b from high-resolution spectroscopic observations made with the MINERVA-Australis telescope array. Only a marginal detection of the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect signal was obtained from the radial velocities, in part due to AU Mic being an extremely active star and the lack of full transit coverage plus sufficient out-of-transit baseline. As such, a precise determination of the obliquity for AU Mic b is not possible in this study and we find a sky-projected spin-orbit angle of {lambda}=47_-54_^+26^deg . This result is consistent with both the planet's orbit being aligned or highly misaligned with the spin axis of its host star. Our measurement independently agrees with, but is far less precise than observations carried out on other instruments around the same time that measure a low-obliquity orbit for the planet. AU Mic is the youngest exoplanetary system for which the projected spin-orbit angle has been measured, making it a key data point in the study of the formation and migration of exoplanets-particularly given that the system is also host to a bright debris disk.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/704/385
- Title:
- M31 integrated light abundances
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/704/385
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We report the first detailed chemical abundances for five globular clusters (GCs) in M31 from high-resolution (R~25000) spectroscopy of their integrated light (IL). These GCs are the first in a larger set of clusters observed as part of an ongoing project to study the formation history of M31 and its GC population. The data presented here were obtained with the HIRES echelle spectrograph on the Keck I telescope and are analyzed using a new IL spectra analysis method that we have developed. In these clusters, we measure abundances for Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Y, and Ba, ages >=10Gyr, and a range in [Fe/H] of -0.9 to -2.2. As is typical of Milky Way GCs, we find these M31 GCs to be enhanced in the {alpha}-elements Ca, Si, and Ti relative to Fe.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/232/16
- Title:
- Mira stars discovered in LAMOST DR4
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/232/16
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Based on an extensive spectral study of a photometrically confirmed sample of Mira variables, we find a relationship between the relative Balmer emission-line strengths and spectral temperatures of O-rich Mira stars. The F_H{delta}_/F_H{gamma}_ flux ratio increases from less than unity to five as stars cool down from M0 to M10, which is likely driven by increasing TiO absorption above the deepest shock-emitting regions. We also discuss the relationship between the equivalent widths of the Balmer emission lines and the photometric luminosity phase of our Mira sample stars. Using our 291 Mira spectra as templates for reference, 191 Mira candidates are newly identified from the LAMOST DR4 catalog. We summarize the criteria adopted to select Mira candidates based on emission-line indices and molecular absorption bands. This enlarged spectral sample of Mira variables has the potential to contribute significantly to our knowledge of the optical properties of Mira stars and will facilitate further studies of these late-type, long-period variables.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/895/38
- Title:
- MIR extinction toward Cyg OB2-12 ISM
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/895/38
- Date:
- 11 Mar 2022
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The sight line toward the luminous blue hypergiant CygOB2-12 is widely used to study interstellar dust on account of its large extinction (AV~10mag) and the fact that this extinction appears to be dominated by dust typical of the diffuse interstellar medium. We present a new analysis of archival Infrared Space Observatory Short Wavelength Spectrometer and Spitzer IRS observations of CygOB2-12 using a model of the emission from the star and its stellar wind to determine the total extinction A{lambda} from 2.4 to 37{mu}m. In addition to the prominent 9.7 and 18{mu}m silicate features, we robustly detect absorption features associated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, including the first identification of the 7.7{mu}m feature in absorption. The 3.3{mu}m aromatic feature is found to be much broader in absorption than is typically seen in emission. The 3.4 and 6.85{mu}m aliphatic hydrocarbon features are observed with relative strengths that are consistent with observations of these features on sight lines toward the Galactic center. We identify and characterize more than 60 spectral lines in this wavelength range, which may be useful in constraining models of the star and its stellar wind. Based on this analysis, we present an extinction curve A_{lambda}_/A_2.2{mu}m_ that extrapolates smoothly to determinations of the mean Galactic extinction curve at shorter wavelengths and to dust opacities inferred from emission at longer wavelengths, providing a new constraint on models of interstellar dust in the mid-infrared.
