- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/155/257
- Title:
- Photometry & RV follow-up observations of K2-18
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/155/257
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- K2-18 is a nearby M2.5 dwarf, located at 34 pc and hosting a transiting planet that was first discovered by the K2 mission and later confirmed with Spitzer Space Telescope observations. With a radius of ~2 R_{Earth}_ and an orbital period of ~33 days, the planet lies in the temperate zone of its host star and receives stellar irradiation similar to that of Earth. Here we perform radial velocity follow-up observations with the visual channel of CARMENES with the goal of determining the mass and density of the planet. We measure a planetary semi-amplitude of K_b_~3.5 m/s and a mass of M_b_~9 M_{Earth}_, yielding a bulk density around {rho}_b_~4 g/cm^3^. This indicates a low-mass planet with a composition consistent with a solid core and a volatile-rich envelope. A signal at 9 days was recently reported using radial velocity measurements taken with the HARPS spectrograph. This was interpreted as being due to a second planet. We see a weaker, time- and wavelength-dependent signal in the CARMENES data set and thus favor stellar activity for its origin. K2-18 b joins the growing group of low-mass planets detected in the temperate zone of M dwarfs. The brightness of the host star in the near-infrared makes the system a good target for detailed atmospheric studies with the James Webb Space Telescope.
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- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/159/173
- Title:
- Photometry & RVs of 4 dwarfs hosting giant planets
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/159/173
- Date:
- 09 Dec 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We report the discovery of four transiting giant planets around K-dwarfs. The planets HATS-47b, HATS-48Ab, HATS-49b, and HATS-72b have masses of 0.369_-0.021_^+0.031^M_J_, 0.243_-0.030_^+0.022^M_J_, 0.353_-0.027_^+0.038^M_J_, and 0.1254{+/-}0.0039M_J_, respectively, and radii of 1.117{+/-}0.014R_J_, 0.800{+/-}0.015R_J_, 0.765{+/-}0.013R_J_, and 0.7224{+/-}0.0032R_J_, respectively. The planets orbit close to their host stars with orbital periods of 3.9228days, 3.1317days, 4.1480days, and 7.3279days, respectively. The hosts are main-sequence K-dwarfs with masses of 0.674_-0.012_^+0.016^M_{odot}_, 0.7279{+/-}0.0066M_{odot}_, 0.7133{+/-}0.0075M_{odot}_, and 0.7311{+/-}0.0028, and with V-band magnitudes of V=14.829{+/-}0.010, 14.35{+/-}0.11, 14.998{+/-}0.040 and 12.469{+/-}0.010. The super-Neptune HATS-72b (a.k.a. WASP-191b and TOI294.01) was independently identified as a transiting planet candidate by the HATSouth, WASP, and TESS surveys, and we present a combined analysis of all of the data gathered by each of these projects (and their follow-up programs). An exceptionally precise mass is measured for HATS-72b thanks to high-precision radial velocity (RV) measurements obtained with VLT/ESPRESSO, FEROS, HARPS, and Magellan/PFS. We also incorporate TESS observations of the warm Saturn-hosting systems HATS-47 (a.k.a. TOI1073.01), HATS-48A, and HATS-49. HATS-47 was independently identified as a candidate by the TESS team, while the other two systems were not previously identified from the TESS data. The RV orbital variations are measured for these systems using Magellan/PFS. HATS-48A has a resolved 5.4" neighbor in Gaia DR2, which is a common-proper-motion binary star companion to HATS-48A with a mass of 0.22M_{odot}_ and a current projected physical separation of ~1400au.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/795/38
- Title:
- Photometry/spectroscopic measurements for KA1858+4850
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/795/38
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- KA1858+4850 is a narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy at redshift 0.078 and is among the brightest active galaxies monitored by the Kepler mission. We have carried out a reverberation mapping campaign designed to measure the broad-line region size and estimate the mass of the black hole in this galaxy. We obtained 74 epochs of spectroscopic data using the Kast Spectrograph at the Lick 3 m telescope from 2012 February to November, and obtained complementary V-band images from five other ground-based telescopes. We measured the H{beta} light curve lag with respect to the V-band continuum light curve using both cross-correlation techniques (CCF) and continuum light curve variability modeling with the JAVELIN method and found rest-frame lags of {tau}_CCF_=13.53_-2.32_^+2.03^ days and {tau}_JAVELIN_=13.15_-1.00_^+1.08^ days. The H{beta} rms line profile has a width of {sigma}_line_=770+/-49 km/s. Combining these two results and assuming a virial scale factor of f=5.13, we obtained a virial estimate of M_BH_=8.06_-1.72_^+1.59^x10^6^M_{sun}_ for the mass of the central black hole and an Eddington ratio of L/L_Edd_{approx}0.2. We also obtained consistent but slightly shorter emission-line lags with respect to the Kepler light curve. Thanks to the Kepler mission, the light curve of KA1858+4850 has among the highest cadences and signal-to-noise ratios ever measured for an active galactic nucleus; thus, our black hole mass measurement will serve as a reference point for relations between black hole mass and continuum variability characteristics in active galactic nuclei.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/161/221
- Title:
- Photometry & spectroscopy of 4 binaries stars
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/161/221
- Date:
- 16 Mar 2022 11:53:19
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the photometric and spectroscopic analysis of four W-UMa binaries J015829.5+260333 (hereinafter as J0158), J030505.1+293443 (hereinafter as J0305), J102211.7+310022 (hereinafter as J1022), and KW-Psc. The VRcIc band photometric observations are carried out with the 1.3m Devasthal Fast Optical Telescope (DFOT). For low-resolution spectroscopy, we used the 2m Himalayan Chandra Telescope (HCT) as well as the archival data from the 4m LAMOST survey. The systems J0158 and J0305 show a period increase rate of 5.26({+/-}1.72)x10^-7^days/yr and 1.78({+/-}1.52)x10^-6^days/yr, respectively. The period of J1022 is found to be decreasing with a rate of 4.22({+/-}1.67)x10^-6^days/yr. The period analysis of KW-Psc displays no change in its period. The PHOEBE package is used for the light-curve modeling and basic parameters are evaluated with the help of the GAIA parallax. The asymmetry of light curves is explained with the assumption of cool spots at specific positions on one of the components of the system. On the basis of temperatures, mass ratios, fill-out factors, and periods, the system J1022 is identified as a W-subtype system while the others show some mixed properties. To probe the chromospheric activities in these W-UMa binaries, their spectra are compared with the known inactive stars' spectra. The comparison shows emission in H{alpha}, H{beta}, and CaII. To understand the evolutionary status of these systems, the components are plotted in mass-radius and mass-luminosity planes with other well characterized binary systems. The secondary components of all the systems are away from ZAMS, which indicates that the secondary is more evolved than the primary component.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/639/A23
- Title:
- Photometry & spectroscopy of EE Cep: 2014-15
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/639/A23
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- EE Cep is one of few eclipsing binary systems with a dark, dusty disk around an invisible object similar to epsilon Aur. The system is characterized by grey and asymmetric eclipses every 5.6yr, with a significant variation in their photometric depth, ranging from ~0.5mag to ~2.0mag. The main aim of the observational campaign of the EE Cep eclipse in 2014 was to test the model of disk precession (Galan et al. 2012). We expected that this eclipse would be one of the deepest with a depth of ~2m.mag. We collected multicolor observations from almost 30 instruments located in Europe and North America. This photometric data covers 243 nights during and around the eclipse. We also analyse the low- and high- resolution spectra from several instruments. The eclipse was shallow with a depth of 0m.71 in V-band. The multicolor photometry illustrates small color changes during the eclipse with a total amplitude of order ~+0.15mag in B-I color index. The linear ephemeris for this system is updated by including new times of minima, measured from the three most recent eclipses at epochs E=9, 10 and 11. New spectroscopic observations were acquired, covering orbital phases around the eclipse, which were not observed in the past and increased the data sample, filling some gaps and giving a better insight into the evolution of the H{alpha} and NaI spectral line profiles during the primary eclipse. The eclipse of EE Cep in 2014 was shallower than expected 0.71mag instead of ~2.0mag. This means that our model of disk precession needs revision.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/338/508
- Title:
- Photometry+spectroscopy of UCM galaxies
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/338/508
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present an analysis of the integrated properties of the stellar populations in the Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM) Survey of H{alpha}-selected galaxies. In this paper, the first of a series, we describe in detail the techniques developed to model star-forming galaxies using a mixture of stellar populations, and taking into account the observational uncertainties. We assume a recent burst of star formation superimposed on a more evolved population. The effects of the nebular continuum, line emission and dust attenuation are taken into account. We also test different model assumptions, including the choice of specific evolutionary synthesis model, initial mass function, star formation scenario and the treatment of dust extinction. Quantitative tests are applied to determine how well these models fit our multiwavelength observations for the UCM sample. Our observations span the optical and near-infrared, including both photometric and spectroscopic data. Our results indicate that extinction plays a key role in this kind of study, revealing that low- and high-obscured objects may require very different extinction laws and must be treated differently. We also demonstrate that the UCM Survey galaxies are best described by a short burst of star formation occurring within a quiescent galaxy, rather than by continuous star formation. A detailed discussion on the inferred parameters, such as the age, burst strength, metallicity, star formation rate, extinction and total stellar mass for individual objects, is presented in Paper II of this series.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/615/A6
- Title:
- Photospheric parameters of CARMENES stars
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/615/A6
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The new CARMENES instrument comprises two high-resolution and high-stability spectrographs that are used to search for habitable planets around M dwarfs in the visible and near-infrared regime via the Doppler technique. Characterising our target sample is important for constraining the physical properties of any planetary systems that are detected. The aim of this paper is to determine the fundamental stellar parameters of the CARMENES M-dwarf target sample from high-resolution spectra observed with CARMENES. We also include several M-dwarf spectra observed with other high-resolution spectrographs, that is CAFE, FEROS, and HRS, for completeness. We used a {chi}^2^ method to derive the stellar parameters effective temperature T_eff, surface gravity log g, and metallicity [Fe/H] of the target stars by fitting the most recent version of the PHOENIX-ACES models to high-resolution spectroscopic data. These stellar atmosphere models incorporate a new equation of state to describe spectral features of low-temperature stellar atmospheres. Since Teff, logg, and [Fe/H] show degeneracies, the surface gravity is determined independently using stellar evolutionary models. We derive the stellar parameters for a total of 300 stars. The fits achieve very good agreement between the PHOENIX models and observed spectra. We estimate that our method provides parameters with uncertainties of {sigma}_Teff_=51K, {sigma}_logg_=0.07, and {sigma}_[Fe/H]_=0.16, and show that atmosphere models for low-mass stars have significantly improved in the last years. Our work also provides an independent test of the new PHOENIX-ACES models, and a comparison for other methods using low-resolution spectra. In particular, our effective temperatures agree well with literature values, while metallicities determined with our method exhibit a larger spread when compared to literature results.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/800/7
- Title:
- Physical conditions of high redshift DLAs
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/800/7
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- A new method is used to measure the physical conditions of the gas in damped Ly{alpha} systems (DLAs). Using high-resolution absorption spectra of a sample of 80 DLAs, we are able to measure the ratio of the upper and lower fine-structure levels of the ground state of C^+^ and Si^+^. These ratios are determined solely by the physical conditions of the gas. We explore the allowed physical parameter space using a Monte Carlo Markov chain method to constrain simultaneously the temperature, neutral hydrogen density, and electron density of each DLA. The results indicate that at least 5% of all DLAs have the bulk of their gas in a dense, cold phase with typical densities of ~100/cm3 and temperatures below 500K. We further find that the typical pressure of DLAs in our sample is log(P/k_B_)=3.4(K/cm3), which is comparable to the pressure of the local interstellar medium (ISM), and that the components containing the bulk of the neutral gas can be quite small with absorption sizes as small as a few parsecs. We show that the majority of the systems are consistent with having densities significantly higher than expected for a purely canonical warm neutral medium, indicating that significant quantities of dense gas (i.e., n_H_>0.1/cm3) are required to match observations. Finally, we identify eight systems with positive detections of Si II*. These systems have pressures (P/k_B_) in excess of 20000K/cm3, which suggest that these systems tag a highly turbulent ISM in young, star-forming galaxies.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/616/A82
- Title:
- Physical parameters of classical Cepheids
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/616/A82
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We gathered more than 1130 high-resolution optical spectra for more than 250 Galactic classical Cepheids. The spectra were collected with different optical spectrographs: UVES at VLT, HARPS at 3.6m, FEROS at 2.2m MPG/ESO, and STELLA. To improve the effective temperature estimates, we present more than 150 new line depth ratio (LDR) calibrations that together with similar calibrations already available in the literature allowed us to cover a broad range in wavelength (between 5348 and 8427 angstrom) and in effective temperatures (between 3500 and 7700K). This means the unique opportunity to cover both the hottest and coolest phases along the Cepheid pulsation cycle and to limit the intrinsic error on individual measurements at the level of ~100K. Thanks to the high signal-to-noise ratio of individual spectra we identified and measured hundreds of neutral and ionized lines of heavy elements, and in turn, have the opportunity to trace the variation of both surface gravity and microturbulent velocity along the pulsation cycle. The accuracy of the physical parameters and the number of FeI (more than one hundred) and FeII (more than ten) lines measured allowed us to estimate mean iron abundances with a precision better than 0.1dex. Here we focus on 14 calibrating Cepheids for which the current spectra cover either the entire or a significant portion of the pulsation cycle. The current estimates of the variation of the physical parameters along the pulsation cycle and of the iron abundances agree quite well with similar estimates available in the literature. Independent homogeneous estimates of both physical parameters and metal abundances based on different approaches that can constrain possible systematics are highly encouraged.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/555/A150
- Title:
- Physical parameters of cool solar-type stars
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/555/A150
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Temperature, surface gravity, and metallicity are basic stellar atmospheric parameters necessary to characterize a star. There are several methods to derive these parameters and a comparison of their results often shows considerable discrepancies, even in the restricted group of solar-type FGK dwarfs. We want to check the differences in temperature between the standard spectroscopic technique based on iron lines and the infrared flux method (IRFM). We aim to improve the description of the spectroscopic temperatures especially for the cooler stars where the differences between the two methods are higher, as presented in a previous work. Our spectroscopic analysis was based on the iron excitation and ionization balance, assuming Kurucz model atmospheres in LTE. The abundance analysis was determined using the code MOOG. We optimized the line list using a cool star (HD 21749) with high resolution and high signal-to-noise spectrum, as a reference in order to check for weak, isolated lines. We test the quality of the new line list by re-deriving stellar parameters for 451 stars with high resolution and signal-to-noise HARPS spectra, that were analyzed in a previous work with a larger line list. The comparison in temperatures between this work and the latest IRFM for the stars in common shows that the differences for the cooler stars are significantly smaller and more homogeneously distributed than in previous studies for stars with temperatures below 5000K.
