- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/132/37
- Title:
- Spectroscopy of Southern warm IR galaxies
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/132/37
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- In this paper, we present high-resolution optical spectra and optical classifications from our large sample of 285 warm infrared galaxies 10^8^<L_IR_<10^12.5^L_{sun}_. We have classified these galaxies using new theoretical lines on the standard optical diagnostic diagrams. We use a theoretical extreme mixing line between the starburst and AGN regions to classify LINER galaxies and we define a theoretical boundary separating AGNs from starbursts. We find that many galaxies previously classified as LINERs appear to lie on a mixing sequence between starburst and AGN type galaxies.
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- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/563/A138
- Title:
- Spectroscopy of spectroscopic binaries
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/563/A138
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The present knowledge of stellar properties and dynamical structure of early-type multiple stellar systems is insufficient to offer useful statistical constraints for stellar formation models. To increase the amount of observational information about the characteristics of early-type multiples, we carried out a spectroscopic monitoring to search for new spectroscopic components and to determine their orbits. We observed 30 early-type multiple systems using the 2.15m telescope and REOSC echelle spectrograph at the Complejo Astronomico El Leoncito (CASLEO) during 10 observing runs between 2008 and 2013. We measured radial velocities by cross-correlations and applied a spectral disentangling method to double-lined systems. We calculated orbital elements for the inner subsystem of each analysed multiple. In this first paper we present calculated orbits for six previously catalogued subsystems. Three subsystems had no previously published parameters, while we obtained more accurate orbits for the other three. In one case we found absolute masses and radii for the components by using available photometric data. The long-term spectroscopic monitoring of multiple systems is a useful method of investigating the companions in intermediate hierarchical levels, particularly those that could affect the dynamical evolution of a close inner binary subsystem.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/143/98
- Title:
- Spectroscopy of star-forming regions in NGC 4194
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/143/98
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We report the results of long-slit spectroscopy at position angles 68{deg}, 131{deg}, and 164{deg} for the minor-merger NGC 4194, a luminous infrared starburst galaxy. The mass within 1.2kpc of the dynamical center is estimated to be 4.8*109 to 1.7*1010 M{sun}, depending on the assumed inclination to the plane of the sky. The star formation rate (SFR) in the areas sampled is 8 M{sun}/yr. The metallicity, log(O/H)+12, ranges from ~8.8 to >9.0 in regions of significant star formation, suggesting that the metallicity has been enhanced by the current star formation. The star-forming regions range in age from 5 to 9Myr, with the youngest ages occurring in the regions of high SFR. Electron temperatures and the location of the spectra in emission line diagnostic diagrams suggest the presence of shock waves, presumably due to the presence of supernovae, winds from massive stars, and/or collisions of clouds due to the merger. The presence of massive stars and supernovae is consistent with the ages determined for the star-forming regions. The ages of the continua produced by the stellar population are estimated to range from 10Myr to 5Gyr. Much of the stellar population represented in the continua was probably formed before the merger and represents the progenitor galaxies.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/705/1481
- Title:
- Spectroscopy of stars in 6 globular clusters
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/705/1481
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Intermediate resolution spectra at the CaII triplet have been obtained for 55 candidate red giants in the field of the globular cluster M22 with the VLT/FORS2 instrument. Spectra were also obtained for a number of red giants in standard globular clusters to provide a calibration of the observed line strengths with overall abundance [Fe/H]. For the 41 M22 member stars that lie within the V-V_HB_ bounds of the calibration, we find an abundance distribution that is substantially broader than that expected from the observed errors alone. We argue that this broad distribution cannot be the result of differential reddening. Instead, we conclude that, as has long been suspected, M22 is similar to {omega} Cen in having an intrinsic dispersion in heavy element abundance. The observed M22 abundance distribution rises sharply to a peak at [Fe/H]~-1.9 with a broad tail to higher abundances: the highest abundance star in our sample has [Fe/H] ~-1.45dex. If the unusual properties of {omega} Cen have their origin in a scenario in which the cluster is the remnant nucleus of a disrupted dwarf galaxy, then such a scenario likely also applies to M22.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/703/1323
- Title:
- Spectroscopy of stars in the Galaxy's nuclear cluster
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/703/1323
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We report on the structure of the nuclear star cluster in the innermost 0.16pc of the Galaxy as measured by the number density profile of late-type giants. Using laser guide star adaptive optics in conjunction with the integral field spectrograph, OSIRIS, at the Keck II telescope, we are able to differentiate between the older, late-type (~1Gyr) stars, which are presumed to be dynamically relaxed, and the unrelaxed young (~6Myr) population. This distinction is crucial for testing models of stellar cusp formation in the vicinity of a black hole, as the models assume that the cusp stars are in dynamical equilibrium in the black hole potential. In the survey region, we classified 60 stars as early-type (O and early B; 22 newly identified) and 74 stars as late-type (K and M; 61 newly identified). We find that contamination from young stars is significant, with more than twice as many young stars as old stars in our sensitivity range (K'<15.5) within the central arcsecond.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/147/99
- Title:
- Spectroscopy of 73 stripped core-collapse supernovae
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/147/99
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present 645 optical spectra of 73 supernovae (SNe) of Types IIb, Ib, Ic, and broad-lined Ic. All of these types are attributed to the core collapse of massive stars, with varying degrees of intact H and He envelopes before explosion. The SNe in our sample have a mean redshift ${<}cz${>} = 4200 km/s. Most of these spectra were gathered at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA) between 2004 and 2009. For 53 SNe, these are the first published spectra. The data coverage ranges from mere identification (1-3 spectra) for a few SNe to extensive series of observations (10-30 spectra) that trace the spectral evolution for others, with an average of 9 spectra per SN. For 44 SNe of the 73 SNe presented here, we have well-determined dates of maximum light to determine the phase of each spectrum. Our sample constitutes the most extensive spectral library of stripped-envelope SNe to date. We provide very early coverage (as early as 30 days before V-band max) for photospheric spectra, as well as late-time nebular coverage when the innermost regions of the SN are visible (as late as 2 yr after explosion, while for SN 1993J, we have data as late as 11.6 yr). This data set has homogeneous observations and reductions that allow us to study the spectroscopic diversity of these classes of stripped SNe and to compare these to SNe-gamma-ray bursts. We undertake these matters in follow-up papers.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/834/210
- Title:
- Spectroscopy of strong lensing galaxy clusters
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/834/210
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present an extensive spectroscopic follow-up campaign of 29 strong lensing (SL) selected galaxy clusters discovered primarily in the Second Red-Sequence Cluster Survey (RCS-2). Our spectroscopic analysis yields redshifts for 52 gravitational arcs present in the core of our galaxy clusters, which correspond to 35 distinct background sources that are clearly distorted by the gravitational potential of these clusters. These lensed galaxies span a wide redshift range of 0.8<=z<=2.9, with a median redshift of z_s_=1.8+/-0.1. We also measure reliable redshifts for 1004 cluster members, allowing us to obtain robust velocity dispersion measurements for 23 of these clusters, which we then use to determine their dynamical masses by using a simulation-based {sigma}_DM_-M_200_ scaling relation. The redshift and mass ranges covered by our SL sample are 0.22<=z<=1.01 and 5x10^13^M_200_/h_70_^-1^M_{sun}_<=1.9x10^15^, respectively. We analyze and quantify some possible effects that might bias our mass estimates, such as the presence of substructure, the region where cluster members are selected for spectroscopic follow-up, the final number of confirmed members, and line-of-sight effects. We find that 10 clusters of our sample with N_mem_>~20 show signs of dynamical substructure. However, the velocity data of only one system is inconsistent with a uni-modal distribution. We therefore assume that the substructures are only marginal and not of comparable size to the clusters themselves. Consequently, our velocity dispersion and mass estimates can be used as priors for SL mass reconstruction studies and also represent an important step toward a better understanding of the properties of the SL galaxy cluster population.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/700/209
- Title:
- Spectroscopy of the B[e] star VES 695
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/700/209
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- FS CMa type stars are a group of Galactic objects with the B[e] phenomenon. They exhibit strong emission-line spectra and infrared excesses, which are most likely due to recently formed circumstellar dust. The group content and identification criteria were described in the first two papers of the series. In this paper we report our spectroscopic and photometric observations of the optical counterpart of IRAS 00470+6429 obtained in 2003-2008. The optical spectrum is dominated by emission lines, most of which have P Cyg type profiles. We detected significant brightness variations, which may include a regular component, and variable spectral line profiles in both shape and position. The presence of a weak LiI6708{AA} line in the spectrum suggests that the object is most likely a binary system with a B2-B3 spectral-type primary companion of a luminosity logL/L_{sun}_=3.9+/-0.3 and a late-type secondary companion. We estimate a distance toward the object to be 2.0+/-0.3kpc from the Sun.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/850/94
- Title:
- Spectroscopy of the fields of gravitational lenses
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/850/94
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Strong gravitational lensing provides an independent measurement of the Hubble parameter (H_0_). One remaining systematic is a bias from the additional mass due to a galaxy group at the lens redshift or along the sightline. We quantify this bias for more than 20 strong lenses that have well-sampled sightline mass distributions, focusing on the convergence {kappa} and shear {gamma}. In 23% of these fields, a lens group contributes >=1% convergence bias; in 57%, there is a similarly significant line-of-sight group. For the nine time-delay lens systems, H0 is overestimated by 11_-2_^+3^% on average when groups are ignored. In 67% of fields with total {kappa}>=0.01, line-of-sight groups contribute >~2x more convergence than do lens groups, indicating that the lens group is not the only important mass. Lens environment affects the ratio of four (quad) to two (double) image systems; all seven quads have lens groups while only 3 of 10 doubles do, and the highest convergences due to lens groups are in quads. We calibrate the {gamma}-{kappa} relation: log({kappa}_tot_)=(1.94+/-0.34)log({gamma}_tot_)+(1.31+/-0.49) with an rms scatter of 0.34dex. Although shear can be measured directly from lensed images, unlike convergence, it can be a poor predictor of convergence; for 19% of our fields, {kappa} is >~2{gamma}. Thus, accurate cosmology using strong gravitational lenses requires precise measurement and correction for all significant structures in each lens field.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/153/188
- Title:
- Spectroscopy of the foreground population in Orion A
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/153/188
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We perform a spectroscopic survey of the foreground population in Orion A with MMT/Hectospec. We use these data, along with archival spectroscopic data and photometric data, to derive spectral types, extinction values, and masses for 691 stars. Using the Spitzer Space Telescope data, we characterize the disk properties of these sources. We identify 37 new transition disk (TD) objects, 1 globally depleted disk candidate, and 7 probable young debris disks. We discover an object with a mass of less than 0.018-0.030 M_{sun}_, which harbors a flaring disk. Using the H{alpha} emission line, we characterize the accretion activity of the sources with disks, and confirm that the fraction of accreting TDs is lower than that of optically thick disks (46%+/-7% versus 73%+/-9%, respectively). Using kinematic data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and APOGEE INfrared Spectroscopy of the Young Nebulous Clusters program (IN-SYNC), we confirm that the foreground population shows similar kinematics to their local molecular clouds and other young stars in the same regions. Using the isochronal ages, we find that the foreground population has a median age of around 1-2 Myr, which is similar to that of other young stars in Orion A. Therefore, our results argue against the presence of a large and old foreground cluster in front of Orion A.
